οὑρανός: Difference between revisions
Ὤδινεν ὄρος, Ζεὺς δ' ἐφοβεῖτο, τὸ δ' ἔτεκεν μῦν → The mountain was in labor—even Zeus was afraid—but gave birth to a mouse
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|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[heaven]], [[sky]] (Il.), also personified (Hes.).<br />Other forms: Dor. Boeot. <b class="b3">ὠρανός</b>, Aeol. <b class="b3">ὤρανος</b>, <b class="b3">ὄρανος</b> (both prob. for <b class="b3">ὄρρ-</b>, s. below).<br />Compounds: Often as 1. member, e.g. <b class="b3">οὑρανο-μήκης</b> <b class="b2">sky-high</b> (ε 239); in hypostases like <b class="b3">ἐπ-ουράν-ιος</b> <b class="b2">in the sky</b> (Il.).<br />Derivatives: 1. Dimin. <b class="b3">οὑρανίσκος</b> m. <b class="b2">tent-roof, palate</b> (hell.), also name of a constellation (sch.; Scherer Gestirnnamen 193); 2. <b class="b3">οὑράν-ιος</b> [[heavenly]] (Pi., IA.), <b class="b3">-ίς</b> f. (AP); <b class="b3">-ία</b> f. name of one of the Muses (Hes.); 3. <b class="b3">Οὑραν-ίωνες</b> (<b class="b3">θεοί</b>) m. pl. <b class="b2">the heavenly (gods)</b> (Hom., Hes.), also | |etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[heaven]], [[sky]] (Il.), also personified (Hes.).<br />Other forms: Dor. Boeot. <b class="b3">ὠρανός</b>, Aeol. <b class="b3">ὤρανος</b>, <b class="b3">ὄρανος</b> (both prob. for <b class="b3">ὄρρ-</b>, s. below).<br />Compounds: Often as 1. member, e.g. <b class="b3">οὑρανο-μήκης</b> <b class="b2">sky-high</b> (ε 239); in hypostases like <b class="b3">ἐπ-ουράν-ιος</b> <b class="b2">in the sky</b> (Il.).<br />Derivatives: 1. Dimin. <b class="b3">οὑρανίσκος</b> m. <b class="b2">tent-roof, palate</b> (hell.), also name of a constellation (sch.; Scherer Gestirnnamen 193); 2. <b class="b3">οὑράν-ιος</b> [[heavenly]] (Pi., IA.), <b class="b3">-ίς</b> f. (AP); <b class="b3">-ία</b> f. name of one of the Muses (Hes.); 3. <b class="b3">Οὑραν-ίωνες</b> (<b class="b3">θεοί</b>) m. pl. <b class="b2">the heavenly (gods)</b> (Hom., Hes.), also [[the Titans]] (Ε 898; from <b class="b3">Οὑρανός</b>); <b class="b3">-ίδης</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">-ίδας</b> <b class="b2">son of Ouranos</b>, pl. [[the Titans]], also [[the heavenly]] (Hes., Pi.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 20); 4.<b class="b3">Οὑραν-ιάς</b> f. <b class="b2">game to worship Ourania</b> (Sparta); 5. <b class="b3">οὑραν-ίζω</b> or <b class="b3">-ίζομαι</b> <b class="b2">to go up high</b> (A.Fr. 766 M.), <b class="b3">-ιάζω</b> <b class="b2">to toss up high</b> (H. s. <b class="b3">οὑρανίαν</b>), <b class="b3">-οῦσθαι</b> <b class="b2">raised up into the sky, to become deified</b> with <b class="b3">-ωσις</b> (Eust.).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: As the Aeol. variation <b class="b3">ὠρ-</b>, <b class="b3">ὀρ-</b> prob. represents a geminated <b class="b3">ὀρρ-</b> (Wackernagel Unt. 136 n. 1), the basis will have been <b class="b3">*(Ϝ)ορσανός</b> with accent as <b class="b3">ὀρφανός</b> and so perh. from a noun <b class="b3">*(Ϝ)ορσό-</b> = Skt. <b class="b2">varṣá-</b> n. m. [[rain]] (cf. Wackernagel KZ 29, 129 = Kl. Schr. 1,632). As e.g. <b class="b3">ὄχανον</b>, <b class="b3">ξόανον</b> can go back to <b class="b3">ἔχω</b>, <b class="b3">ξέω</b>, <b class="b3">οὑρανός</b> can as nom. ag. belong to a primary verb <b class="b3">*Ϝερσ-</b> = Skt. <b class="b2">várṣati</b> [[rain]]; it can however also be derived from the iterative [[οὑρέω]] (s. v.), like Indo-Ir. nouns in <b class="b2">-ana</b> are connected with second. verbs in <b class="b2">-ayati</b> ( = Gr. <b class="b3">-έω</b>, Wack.-Debrunner II: 2, 198ff.); meaning then "rainmaker" or metaph. "moistener, impregnator" (Wackernagel l.c.; cf. [[ἕρση]]). -- After Specht KZ 66, 199ff. (with Schulze), Fraenkel (s.Wb. s. <b class="b2">viršùs</b>) a.o. as "der zur Höhe in Beziehung stehende" to Skt. <b class="b2">varṣman-</b> m. n. [[hight]], Lith. <b class="b2">viršùs</b> <b class="b2">upper, highest seat</b>, to which one connected also <b class="b3">Ἔρρος ὁ Ζεύς</b> H. (IE <b class="b2">*u̯er-s-</b> WP. 1, 267, Pok. 1151f.?); neither factually nor formally to be preferred. It has also been suggested that the word is of foreign, i.e. Pre-Greek, origin (DELG); note that <b class="b3">-αν-</b> is difficult to account for if the word were of IE origin. -- Against the old, often repeated but certainly wrong identification with the Skt. gods name <b class="b2">Varuṇaḥ</b> s. except Wackernagel l.c. also Thieme Mitra and Aryaman (Trans. Connecticut Acad. 41 [1957]) 60. | ||
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Revision as of 13:09, 1 July 2020
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: m.
Meaning: heaven, sky (Il.), also personified (Hes.).
Other forms: Dor. Boeot. ὠρανός, Aeol. ὤρανος, ὄρανος (both prob. for ὄρρ-, s. below).
Compounds: Often as 1. member, e.g. οὑρανο-μήκης sky-high (ε 239); in hypostases like ἐπ-ουράν-ιος in the sky (Il.).
Derivatives: 1. Dimin. οὑρανίσκος m. tent-roof, palate (hell.), also name of a constellation (sch.; Scherer Gestirnnamen 193); 2. οὑράν-ιος heavenly (Pi., IA.), -ίς f. (AP); -ία f. name of one of the Muses (Hes.); 3. Οὑραν-ίωνες (θεοί) m. pl. the heavenly (gods) (Hom., Hes.), also the Titans (Ε 898; from Οὑρανός); -ίδης, Dor. -ίδας son of Ouranos, pl. the Titans, also the heavenly (Hes., Pi.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 20); 4.Οὑραν-ιάς f. game to worship Ourania (Sparta); 5. οὑραν-ίζω or -ίζομαι to go up high (A.Fr. 766 M.), -ιάζω to toss up high (H. s. οὑρανίαν), -οῦσθαι raised up into the sky, to become deified with -ωσις (Eust.).
Origin: XX [etym. unknown]
Etymology: As the Aeol. variation ὠρ-, ὀρ- prob. represents a geminated ὀρρ- (Wackernagel Unt. 136 n. 1), the basis will have been *(Ϝ)ορσανός with accent as ὀρφανός and so perh. from a noun *(Ϝ)ορσό- = Skt. varṣá- n. m. rain (cf. Wackernagel KZ 29, 129 = Kl. Schr. 1,632). As e.g. ὄχανον, ξόανον can go back to ἔχω, ξέω, οὑρανός can as nom. ag. belong to a primary verb *Ϝερσ- = Skt. várṣati rain; it can however also be derived from the iterative οὑρέω (s. v.), like Indo-Ir. nouns in -ana are connected with second. verbs in -ayati ( = Gr. -έω, Wack.-Debrunner II: 2, 198ff.); meaning then "rainmaker" or metaph. "moistener, impregnator" (Wackernagel l.c.; cf. ἕρση). -- After Specht KZ 66, 199ff. (with Schulze), Fraenkel (s.Wb. s. viršùs) a.o. as "der zur Höhe in Beziehung stehende" to Skt. varṣman- m. n. hight, Lith. viršùs upper, highest seat, to which one connected also Ἔρρος ὁ Ζεύς H. (IE *u̯er-s- WP. 1, 267, Pok. 1151f.?); neither factually nor formally to be preferred. It has also been suggested that the word is of foreign, i.e. Pre-Greek, origin (DELG); note that -αν- is difficult to account for if the word were of IE origin. -- Against the old, often repeated but certainly wrong identification with the Skt. gods name Varuṇaḥ s. except Wackernagel l.c. also Thieme Mitra and Aryaman (Trans. Connecticut Acad. 41 [1957]) 60.
