φοῖνιξ

English (LSJ)

ῑκος, ὁ, ἡ,

   A Phoenician, Φοῖνιξ ἀνὴρ ἀπατήλια εἰδώς Od.14.288, cf. 13.272, 15.415; ὡς Φ. ἀνήρ, Σιδώνιος κάπηλος S.Fr.909.    2 fem., γυνή Φοίνισσα Od.15.417; Φοίνισσαι, name of plays by Euripides, Phrynichus, etc.; also Φ. ἐμπολά Pi.P.2.67; χθών, νᾶσος, etc., E.Ph.6,204 (lyr.), etc.; Φ. βοά ib.301 (lyr.); κώπη Id.Hel.1272; Φ. ἄμπεχος PCair.Zen.33.14 (iii B. C.).    II Carthaginian, ἀλαλατός Pi.P.1.72; also fem., Φοίνισσαι νῆες Th.1.116, D.S.13.80.    B φοῖνιξ, ῑκος, ὁ, purple or crimson, because the discovery and earliest use of this colour was ascribed to the Phoenicians, Il. 4.141, 6.219, Od.23.201, etc.:—hence,    2 as Adj. (fem. φοίνισσα Pi. (v. infr.); φοῖνιξ as fem., E.Tr.815), blood-bay, of a horse, Il. 23.454; of red cattle, φοίνισσα ἀγέλα Pi.P.4.205, cf. Theoc.25.128: of the colour of fire, φοίνισσα φλόξ Pi.P.1.24; πυρὸς φ. πνοά E.l.c.; also φ. ἱμάντες Simon.17; πέπλοι E.Hel.181 (lyr.), etc.    II date-palm, Phoenix dactylifera, Od.6.163, h.Ap.117, Pi.Fr.75 14 (dub.), E. Hec.458 (lyr.), D.S.2.53; τόξα ἐκ φοίνικος σπάθης πεποιημένα Hdt.7.69, etc.: the male and female distd. by Hdt. as [ὁ φ.] ἔρσην and [ἡ φ.] βαλανηφόρος, 1.193 (but the latter is masc., ibid. and in 4.172, 182); φοινίκων . . τῶν καρπίμων οἱ μὲν ἄρρενες αἱ δὲ θήλειαι Thphr.HP2.6.6, but αἱ ἀπὸ τῶν ἀρρένων πρὸς τοὺς θήλεις [βοήθειαι] ib.2.8.4.    2 palm-frond, as a badge of victory, Arist MM1196a36, Plu.2.723b, etc.; τὸν φ. τινὶ ἀποδοῦναι Chrysipp.Stoic.3.175.    3 date, Hellanic.56J., Epich. 18, Antiph.65, Ephipp.24; more correctly, τοῦφοίνικος ὁ καρπός Hdt.1.193; καρπὸς φοίνικος Hermipp.63.22 (hex.); cf. φοινικοβάλανος.    III ὁ χαμαιρριφής dwarf-palm, Chamaerops humilis, Thphr.HP2.6.11.    2 a Bactrian tree, Mazri palm, Nannorhops ritchieana, ib.4.4.8.    3 a sea-plant, Callophyllis laciniata, ib.4.6.2, 10.    4 rye-grass, Lolium perenne, Dsc.4.43.    IV a musical instrument, like a guitar, invented by the Phoenicians, Hdt.4.192, Ephor.4 J., Phillis 2 (pl.), Scamon 3; but so called because made from the Delian palm, acc. to Semus 1.    V the fabulous bird phoenix, Hes.Fr.171.4, Antiph.175; from Arabia acc. to Hdt.2.73; but from India, Philostr. VA3.49: prov., φοίνικος ἔτη βιοῦν Luc.Herm.53.    VI an ornament, LXX Ez.41.25.    VII perfume prepared from the fronds of the date-palm, Thphr.Od.28.    VIII a fish, Ael.NA12.24.    IX a bandage, Heliod. ap. Orib.49.11.2.    X = εὐρύνοτος, Agathem.2.7.    XI φ. ἐν ὁπλῇ, a disease of the hoof, Hippiatr.10.    XII an eye-salve, Aët.7.116. [In all senses of the word ῑ in gen., but nom. φοῖνιξ, not φοίνιξ, Hdn.Gr. ap. Choerob. in Thd.1.292.]