χαλινός

English (LSJ)

(Aeol. χάλιννος prob. in Et.Gud.561.5), ὁ, heterocl. pl.

   A χαλινά A.R.4.1607, Opp.H.1.191, Plu.2.613c, Sor.1.100, etc.:—bit, once in Hom., ἐν δὲ χαλινοὺς γαμφηλῇς ἔβαλον Il.19.393; χαλινὸν ἐμβαλεῖν γνάθοις E.Alc.492; χ. ἐξαιρεῖται X.Eq.3.2; of the horse, χ. οὐκ ἐπίσταται φέρειν (metaph. of Cassandra) A.Ag.1066; χ. δέχεσθαι, λαμβάνειν, X.Eq.3.2, 6.10; λαβεῖν, ἔχειν, Arist.Rh.1393b16, 21; τὸν χ. ἐνδακεῖν champ the bit, Pl.Phdr.254d; of the rider, δοτέον τὸν χ. one must give a horse the rein, X.Eq.10.12; ὀπίσω σπάσαι, ξυνέχειν ἀνάγκῃ, Pl.Phdr.254e, Luc.DDeor.25.1; [χ.] εἰς ἄκρον τὸ στόμα καθιέμενος X.Eq.6.9.—Expld. of the bit, opp. reins (ἡνίαι), by Poll.1.148; so ἡνίας τε . . καὶ χ. Pl.R.601c; χ. τινα χαλκεῖ ἐκδιδόντα σκευάσαι Id.Prm.127a; κατὰ [τὸν κυνόδοντα] ἐμβάλλεται ὁ χ. Arist. HA576b18, cf. A.Th.123 (lyr.), S.OC1067 (lyr.); but distd. fr. στόμιον by Hdt.1.215, cf. A.Th.207 (lyr.), X.Eq.6.9, 10.9, etc.; and may be used generally for bit and bridle, Hdt.3.118, 4.64, IG12.374.176, PCair.Zen.659.11 (iii B. C.).    2 metaph., of anything which curbs, restrains, or compels, Ἀργοῦς χ., of an anchor, Pi.P.4.25; χ. λινόδετοι, = χαλινωτήρια, E.IT1043; παρθενίας χ. λύειν, of the virgin zone, Pi.I.8(7).48; χαλινοῖς ἐν πετρίνοισιν, of Prometheus' bonds, A.Pr.562 (anap.); Διὸς χ., of the will of Zeus, ib.672; χαλινῶν ἀναύδῳ μένει, of forcible constraint, Id.Ag.238 (lyr.); πολλῶν χαλινῶν ἔργον οἰάκων θ' ἅμα, i.e. it requires much skill and force to guide, S.Fr.869; τῷ δήμῳ χ. ἐμβαλεῖν ὕβρεως a bridle to curb their violence, Plu.Comp.Per.Fab.1, cf. Luc.Herm.82; τῆς γλώττης τὰ χ. Plu.2.613c; ἐπέστω τῷ στόματι χ. Lib.Ep.315.4; χ. οὐδεὶς ὀμμάτων Philostr. VA6.11.    II generally, strap, thong, E.Cyc.461 (dual).    III part of the tackle of a ship, IG22.1610.11,14.    IV corner of the horse's mouth, where the bit rests, Poll.2.90 (pl.); of the human mouth, Nic.Al.117,223, PUniv.Giss.44.7, (ii/i B. C.), Heliod. ap.Orib 48.31.4, Sor.1.100, PSI9.1016.25 (ii B. C.), Aret.SA1.9, Cael.Aur.TP1.4, Aët.8.27; but, = ἡ σύνδεσις τῶν γνάθων, Ruf.Onom. 53, cf. Aët.8.40.    2 fangs of serpents, from their shape and position in the mouth, Nic.Th.234.