Olea oleaster

Wikipedia EN

Olea oleaster, the wild olive, has been considered by various botanists a valid species and a subspecies of the cultivated olive tree, Olea europea, which is a tree of multiple origins that was domesticated, it now appears, at various places during the fourth and third millennia BCE, in selections drawn from varying local populations. The wild-olive (Ancient Greek κότινος/kótinos), which ancient Greeks distinguished from the cultivated olive tree (Ancient Greek ἐλαία/ἐλἀα), was used to fashion the olive wreath awarded victors at the ancient Olympic games. The ancient and sacred wild-olive tree of Olympia stood near the temple of Zeus, patron of the games.

Today, as a result of natural hybridization and the very ancient domestication and extensive cultivation of the olive throughout the Mediterranean Basin, wild-looking feral forms of olive, called "oleasters", constitute a complex of populations, potentially ranging from feral forms to the wild-olive. The wild-olive is a tree of the maquis shrubland, itself in part the result of the long presence of mankind.

The drought-tolerant sclerophyllous tree is believed to have originated in the eastern Mediterranean Basin. It still provides the hardy and disease-resistant rootstock on which cultivated olive varieties are grafted.

Translations

af: olyf; als: olivenbaum; am: ወይራ; an: olea europaea; arc: ܙܝܬܐ; ar: زيتون; ast: olea europaea; azb: آوروپا زئیتونو; az: avropa zeytunu; be: масліна еўрапейская; bg: европейска маслина; bs: maslina; ca: olivera; cdo: iù-gāng-lāng; ceb: olibo; ckb: زەیتوون; crh: zeytün; cs: olivovník evropský; cv: олива; cy: olewydden; da: oliven; de: Olivenbaum; dv: ޒައިތޫނި; en: olive; eo: olivarbo; es: olea europaea; et: harilik õlipuu; eu: olibondo; ext: olea europaea; fa: زیتون; fi: oliivi; frr: öölebuum; fr: olea europaea; ga: ológ; gl: oliveira; gn: tarumaite; hak: kám-lám-su; ha: zaitun; he: זית אירופי; hi: ज़ैतून; hr: maslina; hu: olajfa; hy: ձիթենի եվրոպական; ia: olivo; id: zaitun; io: olivo; is: ólífa; it: olea europaea; ja: オリーブ; jbo: alzaitu; jv: jaétun; kab: azemmur; kn: ಆಲಿವ್; ko: 올리브나무; ku: zeytûn; ky: зайтун; la: olea europaea; lbe: зайтун; li: oliefboum; ln: nzeté ya olive; lt: europinis alyvmedis; lv: olīvkoks; mg: oliva; mk: маслинка; ml: ഒലിവ്; mn: олив; mr: जैतून; ms: zaitun; nap: gliva; na: olea europaea; nds: öölboom; ne: जैतुन; nl: olijf; nn: oliven; no: oliven; oc: olea europaea; pa: ਜੈਤੂਨ; pl: oliwka europejska; pms: olea europaea; pnb: زیتون; ps: ښوون; pt: oliveira; qu: uliw; roa_rup: masinu; ro: măslin; rue: олива европска; ru: олива европейская; rw: umumuri; scn: pedi d'aliva; sco: olive; sc: olìa; sh: maslina; simple: olive tree; sk: oliva európska; sl: oljka; sq: ulliri; sr: маслина; su: zaitun; sv: olivträd; sw: mzeituni; ta: ஐரோப்பிய இடலை; tg: зайтун; th: มะกอกออลิฟ; tl: olibo; tr: zeytin; tt: зәйтүн; ug: zeytun; uk: маслина європейська; ur: زیتون; uz: zaytun; vec: olea europaea; vep: olivanpu; vi: ô liu; vls: olyve; war: olibu; wuu: 油橄榄; yi: איילבירט; za: makmbi; zh_yue: 橄欖; zh: 油橄欖