καταδύω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=or [[καταδύνω]]:<br><span class="bld">I</span> intr., in Act. pres. [[καταδύνω]] and Med. [[καταδύομαι]]: fut. καταδύσομαι: aor. κατεδῡσάμην, Ep. 2 and 3sg. <b class="b3">καταδύσεο, καταδύσετο</b>:—Act., aor. 2 [[κατέδυν]]: pf. καταδέδῡκα:—[[go down]], [[sink]], [[set]], especially of the sun (as Hom. always in aor. 2 Act.), ἠέλιος κατέδυ Il.1.475, etc.; <b class="b3">ἅμα… ἠελίῳ καταδύντι</b> ib.592; ἐς ἠέλιον καταδύντα Od.10.183; ἠελίοιο καταδῡομένοιο ''h.Merc.''197; <b class="b3">καταδεδυκέναι τὴν</b> ([[νῆσον]]) κατὰ θαλάσσης [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.235; also of ships, to [[be sunk]] or [[be disabled]], Id.8.90, Th.2.92, 7.34, X.''HG''1.6.35, etc.; also οἱ ἱππεῖς καταδύνοντες ἐν τέλμασιν Plb. 5.47.2; <b class="b3">κατέδυνεν ὑφ' ὕδατι</b> [[duck under water]], Batr.89; [[καταδεδυκώς]] [[having popped down]], Ar.''V.''140.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[go down]], [[plunge into]], c. acc., καταδῦναι ὅμιλον Il.10.231, etc.; <b class="b3">κατεδύσετο πουλὺν ὅμιλον</b> ib.517; καταδύσεο μῶλον Ἄρηος 18.134; so <b class="b3">μάχην, δόμον, πόλιν καταδύμεναι</b>, 3.241, 8.375, Od.4.246: followed by Prep., <b class="b3">μυῖαι καδδῦσαι</b> (Ep. for <b class="b3">καταδῦσαι</b>) κατὰ… ὠτειλάς Il.19.25; σπάργαν' ἔσω κατέδυνε ''h.Merc.''237; <b class="b3">καταδυσόμεθ'… εἰς Ἀΐδαο δόμους</b> we shall [[go down]] into... Od.10.174; so καταδύνειν ἐς ὕλην [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]9.37, cf. 4.76; <b class="b3">εἰς φάραγγας</b>, of hares, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cynegeticus|Cyn.]]''5.16; <b class="b3">εἰς ἅπασαν</b> <b class="b3">[τὴν πόλιν]</b> Pl.''R.''576e; κατὰ τῆς γῆς [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.132; κατὰ τέφρας πολλῆς Plu.''Cam.''32; of souls, <b class="b3">εἰς βυθὸν κ.</b> Plu.2.943d: c. dat., [[sink into]], ταῖς ὁμοιοπαθείαις Metrod.''Fr.''38: freq. with a notion of secrecy, [[insinuate oneself]], [[steal into]], καταδύεται εἰς τὸ ἐντὸς τῆς ψυχῆς ὅ τε ῥυθμὸς καὶ ἁρμονία Pl.''R.''401d; <b class="b3">ἡ ἀναρχία εἰς τὰς ἰδίας οἰκίας κ.</b> ib. 562e; <b class="b3">κ. ἡ ψῦξις ἕως πλείστου</b> the cold [[penetrates]] most, Gal.15.90, cf. 6.178.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[slink away and lie hid]], καταδύεσθαι ὑπὸ τῆς αἰσχύνης [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''6.1.35, cf. D.21.199 (so abs., to [[be overcome with shame]], ἐπὶ τῇ ἀγνοίᾳ Zos.5.40); καταδεδυκὼς ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ Pl.''R.''579b; εἰς ἄπορον ὁ σοφιστὴς τόπον καταδέδυκεν Id.''Sph.''239c, etc.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[get into]], [[put on]], κατέδυ κλυτὰ τεύχεα Il.6.504, cf. Od.12.228; κατεδύσετο τεύχεα καλά Il.7.103; εἵματα Mosch.4.102.<br><span class="bld">II</span> causal, [[make to sink]], rare in pres., ἐμπίπτων καὶ καταδύων Pherecr.12; ἐμὲ καταδύουσι τῷ ἄχει [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''6.1.37: mostly in aor. 1, γαύλους καταδύσας [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.17; in naval warfare, <b class="b3">καταδῦσαι ναῦν</b> [[cut]] it down to the water's [[edge]], [[disable]] it, Id.8.87, al., Ar.''Ra.''49, Th.1.50; <b class="b3">ἥλιον ἐν λέσχῃ κατεδύσαμεν</b> we [[let]] the [[sun]] [[go down]] in [[talk]], Call.''Epigr.''2, cf. Aristaenet.1.24.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[duck]], <b class="b3">τὴν κεφαλήν</b>, in a bath, Herod.Med. ap. Orib.10.37.13.