βρί

Frisk Etymological English

(βρῖ)
Grammatical information: ?
Meaning: ἐπὶ τοῦ μεγάλου καὶ ἰσχυροῦ καὶ χαλεποῦ τίθεται H.
Dialectal forms: The interpretation of Myc. piritawo is uncertain.
Compounds: In e.g. βρι-ήπυος loud crying of Ares (Ν 521), with ἠπύω, Βριάρεως s. below, βριηρόν μεγάλως κεχαρισμένον H. (cf. Sommer Nominalkomp. 139, to ἦρα?; against Hoffmann Glotta 28, 23f.). Βρίακχος Bacchante (S.) with ἰάχω, Ἴακχος.
Derivatives: Adj. βριαρός strong (Il.) (cf. χαλαρός beside χαλί-φρων). Verb βριάω be or make strong, mighty (Hes.; cf. χαλάω) backformation from βριαρός? s. Schwyzer 682f., Bechtel a. a. O; also βριερός. For Βριάρεως, a giant with hundred arms (Il.), in Hes. Ο᾽βριάρεως, the interpretation who causes much damage (ἀρή) (Bechtel, Lex.) is most uncertain; much more probably it is a Pre-Gr. name, Fur. 168 n. 103. - With θ: βρίθω, (βέβριθα, βρῖσαι) be laden with, full of (Il); βριθύς heavy(?) (Il.), βρῖθος n. weight (Hp.), βριθοσύνη id. (Il.) - Here also βρινδεῖν θυμοῦσθαι, ἐρεθίζειν H. with prenasalization of βριθ-? (for the meaning cf. βριμάομαι). Further βρίμη, βριμάομαι. S. also βρίζω and ὕβρις.
Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
Etymology: The idea of an ablaut i\/ia must be given up; such cases have appeared to continue -ih₂-\/-ih₂-e. So βριαρός could be *gʷrih₂-eros. (There can be no derivational system i\/ro in these words; nor is a form *βριαρ probable, as Benveniste supposed, Origines 15.) The connection with βαρύς has also become very doubtful: βαρύς continues *gʷrH-u-, and *gʷrH-iH- would have given *βαρι-; possible would be *gʷr-iH-, from a root without laryngeal, but the only evidence for such a root would be Skt. grī-ṣmá- m. Hochsommer, if *`die Zeit des heftigen, starken Sommers' (Wackernagel KZ 61, 197f., with sámā (half)year, Av. ham- summer - but these derive from *smH-, which would make difficulty), but this analysis is quite uncertain (a meaning heavy; does not seem appropriate). - (That Lat. (Osc.-Umbr.) brūtus = Latv. grũts heavy is a parallel ū-enlargement is even more doubtful.) - The -θ- can be the enlargement indicating a state (Benveniste, Origines 190).- As Fur. (168 n. 104, 174 n. 122, 246f) remarks the words refer more to big, strong, χαλεπός than to 'heavy'. The connection to βριμός (s. βρίμη) therefore seems evident. As βριμ- is very probable related to ὄβριμος (cf. ὀβριάρεως), we have to do with a Pre-Greek word (Fur. index). S. φριμάσσομαι.