ἐθέλω

English (LSJ)

or θέλω (v. infr.), Ep. subj.

   A ἐθέλωμι Il.1.549,9.397: impf. ἤθελον 14.120, etc.; Ep. and Lyr. ἔθελον 6.336, Thgn.606, B.10.73; Ion. ἐθέλεσκον Il.13.106, Hdt.6.12: fut. ἐθελήσω Il.18.262, etc.; θελήσω Antipho 5.99: aor. 1 ἠθέλησα Hdt.2.2, etc.; Ep. ἐθέλησα Il.18.396; imper. θέλησον A.Pr.783; subj. θελήσῃ ib. 1028, X.Cyr.2.4.19, etc.; opt. θελήσαιμι S.OC1133; part. θελήσας Id.OT649 (lyr.): pf. ἠθέληκα X.Cyr.5.2.9, Aeschin.2.139, D.47.5; τεθέληκα (Alexandrian acc. to Phryn.307) LXXPs.40(41).12, Phld.Rh.2.76 S., S.E.M.2.37: plpf. ἠθελήκει X.HG6.5.21; ἐτεθελήκεσαν D.C.44.26 codd. (elsewh. ἠθελήκεσαν as 46.47):—θέλω is never found in Hom. or Hes. exc. Il.1.277 (dub.), ὅττι θέλοιεν Od.15.317 as v.l. (ἅσσ' ἐθέλοιεν Aristarch.), nor in Aeol.; rarely in early Ep. and Eleg., θέλοι h.Ap.46, θέλει Sol.27.12; but is found in Ion. Inscrr., SIG45.16 (Halic., v B.C.), 1037.7 (Milet., iv B.C.), and in Semon.7.13, Hippon.22 B, Anacr.92:— both forms in codd. of Hdt. and Hp. and in Heraclit. and Democr., also in Pi. and B.: Trag. never use ἐθέλω exc. in augmented forms, ἤθελον, -ησα: Com.never use θέλω exc. in phrases such as ἢν θεὸς θέλῃ, εἰ θεὸς θέλοι, Ar.Pl.347, Ra.533, or parodies of Trag.: early Att. Inscrr, have ἐθέλω IG12.6.41, etc., till 250 B.C., when θέλω becomes common: Att. Prose writers rarely use θέλω exc. in phrases such as ἂν θεὸς θέλῃ Din.2.3 or after a long vowel, e.g. μὴ θελῆσαι Th.5.72, μὴ θελήσας Is. 8.11, μὴ θέλοντας And.1.22, τῷ θέλοντι Id.4.7, etc.; but θέλω Antipho 3.4.3, θελήσουσιν Id.5.99: in later Gr. θέλω is regular exc. in the augmented forms; ἐθέλω is not found in LXX or NT:—to be willing (of consent rather than desire, v. βούλομαι 1), but also generally, wish, Od.3.324:—Constr.: abs., esp. in part., ἐθέλων ἐθέλουσαν ἀνήγαγεν ib.272; εἰ σύ γε σῷ θυμῷ ἐθέλοις Il.23.894; ἀλλά μοι ἤθελε θυμός Od.11.566: freq. folld. by inf. pres. or aor., wish to... Il.7.364, etc.: with inf. supplied, εἰ δ' ἐθέλεις πεζός (sc. ἰέναι) Od.3.324: c. acc. et inf., wish that... Il.19.274, Hdt.1.3; rarely folld. by ὥστε, E.Hipp.1327: later c. ἵνα, Ev.Matt.7.12, etc.: not used c. acc. only, exc. when an inf. is easily supplied, εὔκηλος τὰ φράζεαι ἅσσ' ἐθέλῃσθα (sc. φράζεσθαι) Il.1.554, cf. 9.397,7.182, Od.14.172; σιτέονται δὲ οὐκ ὅσα ἐθέλουσι (sc. σιτέεσθαι) Hdt.1.71, cf. Th.5.50; εἰ καὶ τῆς ἀξίας ἔλαττον ἐθελήσειέ τις (sc. φράσαι) Jul.Or.1.132a: also with neut. Pron. or Adj., τί δὴ θέλων; with what intent? A.Pr.118.    2 with neg., almost, = δύναμαι, as μίμνειν οὐκ ἐθέλεσκον ἐναντίον they cared not to make a stand, i.e. they were unable, Il.13.106; οὐδ' . . ἤθελε θυμὸς τειρομένοις ἑτάροισιν ἀμυνέμεν 17.702: metaph. of things, of a stream, οὐδ' ἔθελε προρέειν ἀλλ' ἴσχετο would not run on, but stopped, 21.366, cf. Od.8.223,316, h.Cer.45; αὔλειοι δ' ἔτ' ἔχειν οὐκ ἐθέλουσι θύραι Sol.4.28; τὰ δένδρα οὐδέν μ' ἐθέλει διδάσκειν Pl.Phdr. 230d, cf. R. 370b (said to be an Att. use, Greg.Cor.p.135 S.).    3 part., ἐθέλων or θέλων willingly, gladly, Od.3.272, etc. (also πιθοῦ θελήσας S.OT649 (lyr.)); οὐκ ἐθέλων, = ἀεκών, Il.4.300; with Art. like ὁ βουλόμενος, whoever will, i.e. any one, S.Ph.619, Aj.1146, Pl. Grg.508c, etc.    4 θέλεις οὐ θέλεις nolens volens, Arr.Epict.3.9.16; θέλει οὐ θέλει ib.3.3, M.Ant.11.15.    5 μὴ ἔθελε, c. inf., do not, Il.1.277,2.247, E.Fr.174.    6 εἰ θέλεις if you please, S.OT343.    7 folld. by subj., τί σοι θέλεις δῆτ' εἰκάθω; in what wilt thou that I give way to thee? ib.651 (lyr.); θέλεις μείνωμεν αὐτοῦ; Id.El.80.    8 maintain, hold, c. acc. et inf., Plu.2.883e, Paus.1.4.6.    9 delight in, love, ἔν τινι LXX 1 Ki.18.22; τινά ib.Ps.17(18).20; but οἱ κακῶς τινὰς θέλοντες their ill-wishers, Cat.Cod.Astr.7.234.    10 ordain, decree, ἠθέλησεν [ὁ ἡγεμὼν] τὸν κίνδυνον τῆς προβολῆς εἶναι πρός τινας CPR 20.17 (iii A.D.), etc.    II of inanimate things (cf. supr. 1.2),    1 to express a future event, like our will or shall, εἰ ἐθελήσει ἀναβῆναι ἡ τυραννίς Hdt.1.109; εἰ ἐθελήσει ἐκτρέψαι τὸ ῥέεθρον ὁ Νεῖλος Id.2.11; εἰ θέλει τοι μηδὲν ἀντίξοον καταστῆναι Id.7.49, cf. Pl.R.370b, etc.:—in this sense, very rarely of living things, οὐ δοῦναι θέλοι, = οὐκ ἂν δοίη, A.Eu.429; εἴπερ . . οὗτός <σ'> ἐθέλει κρατῆσαι Ar.V.536, cf.Pi.N.7.90, Pl.R.375a.    2 to be naturally disposed, to be wont or accustomed, c. inf., συμβάσιες ἰσχυραὶ οὐκ ἐ. συμμένειν Hdt.1.74; μεγάλα πρήγματα μεγάλοισι κινδύνοισι ἐ. καταιρέεσθαι Id.7.50; αἱ πλευραὶ οὐκ ἐθέλουσιν ἐς τὸ εὐρὺ αὔξεσθαι Hp.Art.41; οὐκ ἐ. αἱ γνῶμαι . . ὁμοῖαι εἶναι Th.2.89; τοῦτ' ἐνδελεχὲς ἐ. γίγνεσθαι Arist.Mete.347a5, cf. Metaph.1013b27, al.; οὐ θέλει ζῆν, of premature births, Id.HA575a28.    3 in phrases expressive of meaning, τὸ θέλει σημαίνειν τὸ τέρας Hdt.1.78; τὸ θέλει τὸ ἔπος εἶπαι Id.6.37; τὸ θέλει τὰ δῶρα λέγειν Id.4.131; τὸ ἔπος τοῦτο ἐθέλει λέγειν ὡς . . Id.2.13.    4 τοῦ θέλοντος, = τοῦ θελήματος, S.OC1220 (lyr., s.v.l.).