ἐξ ὀνύχων λέοντα τεκμαίρεσθαι → judge by the claws, judge by a slight but characteristic mark, small traits give the clue to the character of a person, deduce something from a small indication, identify a lion from its claws
ulpĭcum: i, n.,
I a kind of leek, Cato, R. R. 71; Col. 11, 3, 20; 10, 113; Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 35.