μόχθος: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[exertion]], [[difficulty]], [[distress]], [[misery]] (Hes. Sc., Pi., trag., mostly poet.).<br />Compounds: often as 2. member, e.g. <b class="b3">πολύ-μοχθος</b> <b class="b2">with much exertion</b> (trag., Arist.), also as building-technical expression in <b class="b3">πρό-μοχθοι τὰ προβεβλημένα τῶν τοίχων</b> (H., also Delos IIa).<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">μοχθ-ηρός</b> [[laborious]], [[miserable]], [[worthless]], [[bad]] with <b class="b3">μοχθηρ-ία</b> <b class="b2">bad condition</b> (IA.), <b class="b3">-όομαι</b> <b class="b2">be laborious</b> (Aq.). 2. <b class="b3">μοχθ-ήεις</b> (Nic.), <b class="b3">-ώδης</b> (Vett. Val.) <b class="b2">id.</b> Verbs: 1. <b class="b3">μοχθ-έω</b>, also with <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b> a.o., <b class="b2">exert oneself, exist with difficulty</b> (poet. since K 106) with <b class="b3">μοχθήματα</b> pl. [[exertions]] (trag.); 2. <b class="b3">μοχθ-ίζω</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (poet. since Β 273; metr. variant of 1. s. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1. 95, Shipp Studies 95); 3. <b class="b3">μοχθ-όω</b> [[tire]] (Aq.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: To <b class="b3">μόγος</b>, <b class="b3">μογέω</b> (s.v.) with expressive enlarging <b class="b3">θ</b>, cf. <b class="b3">ἄχθος</b>, <b class="b3">ὄχθος</b>, <b class="b3">βρόχθος</b> a.o. (Schwyzer 510f., Chantraine Form. 366f.)? Basic forms like <b class="b3">*μόγσ-θος</b> (Schulze KZ 28, 270 n.l = Kl. Schr. 437 n. 1 [p. 438]) or <b class="b3">*μόγσ-τος</b> are hard to explain. -- To be rejected Pisani Ist. Lomb. 73, 528 (to Skt. <b class="b2">myakṣ-</b> <b class="b2">stick fast</b>); cf. Belardi Doxa 3, 214, W.-Hofinann s. [[mōlēs]]. - If the words show a variation <b class="b3">γ</b>\/<b class="b3">χθ</b>, it will be Pre-Greek. Fur. 319f., 388, who connects <b class="b3">μοττίας</b> ᾡ̃ <b class="b3">στρέφουσι τῶν ῥυτήρων τὸν ἄξονα</b> H. as Cretan from <b class="b3">*μοκτίας</b>.

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