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ὄμνυμι: Difference between revisions
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|etymtx=-μαι<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to swear, to affirm with an oath, to take a vow</b>(Il.);<br />Other forms: also <b class="b3">-ύω</b>, <b class="b3">-ύομαι</b>, aor. <b class="b3">ὀμό-σ(σ)αι</b>, <b class="b3">-σ(σ)ασθαι</b>, fut. <b class="b3">ὀμοῦμαι</b> (Il.), perf. <b class="b3">ὀμώμο-κα</b>, -(<b class="b3">σ)μαι</b>, aor. pass. <b class="b3">ὀμο(σ)θῆναι</b> (Att.).<br />Compounds: Very often with prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">ἀπ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπ-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπ-</b>.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἀνώμοτος</b> <b class="b2">not put under oath</b> and <b class="b2">not confirmed by oath</b> with adv. <b class="b3">-τί</b>, further <b class="b3">συνωμό-της</b> m. <b class="b2">comrade in oath</b> with <b class="b3">-σία</b> a.o. (IA.); <b class="b3">ὁρκωμό-της</b>, s. [[ὅρκος]].<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [778] <b class="b2">*h₃emh₃-</b> [[insist]], [[urge]]<br />Etymology: With <b class="b3">ὀμό-σαι</b> agrees in formation <b class="b3">ἀρό-σαι</b> [[plough]]; thus the disyllabic <b class="b3">ὀλέ-σαι στορέ-σαι</b> a.o. with different vowel; on <b class="b3">ὀμο-</b> rests the future <b class="b3">ὀμό[σ]-ομαι</b>, to which analogically <b class="b3">ὀμεῖται</b> was created for <b class="b3">*ὀμοῦται</b> (Schwyzer 784 n. 3; diff. Sánchez Ruipérez Emer. 18, 406 f.; see also Wackernagel Unt. 3f. and Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 62 a. 451). The present <b class="b3">ὄμνυμι</b> like <b class="b3">ὄλλυμι</b> etc. (Schwyzer 363); the perfect is clearly innovated. The further history of the word remains unclear, as there is no convincing etymology. -- Since Aufrecht RhM 40, 160 one connects generally <b class="b3">ὄμνυμι</b>, <b class="b3">ὀμόσαι</b> with the Skt. disyllabic athem. root-present <b class="b2">ámī-ti</b> about [[press]], [[urge]] (after Neisser BB 30, 299ff., Renou JournAs. 1939, 183 f., Benveniste Revue de l'hist. des relig. 134, 81 ff. a.o. however <b class="b2">seize with force</b>), beside which sometimes <b class="b2">assure urgently</b> (also [[swear]]?) v. t. This interpretation is now generally accepted. S. Hiersche REGr. 71, 35 ff. and Hoffman, KZ 83(1969)193f. Cf. [[ὀμοίϊος]], [[ὀμοκλή]]; s. also on [[ὅρκος]]. | |etymtx=-μαι<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to swear, to affirm with an oath, to take a vow</b>(Il.);<br />Other forms: also <b class="b3">-ύω</b>, <b class="b3">-ύομαι</b>, aor. <b class="b3">ὀμό-σ(σ)αι</b>, <b class="b3">-σ(σ)ασθαι</b>, fut. <b class="b3">ὀμοῦμαι</b> (Il.), perf. <b class="b3">ὀμώμο-κα</b>, -(<b class="b3">σ)μαι</b>, aor. pass. <b class="b3">ὀμο(σ)θῆναι</b> (Att.).<br />Compounds: Very often with prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">ἀπ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπ-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπ-</b>.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἀνώμοτος</b> <b class="b2">not put under oath</b> and <b class="b2">not confirmed by oath</b> with adv. <b class="b3">-τί</b>, further <b class="b3">συνωμό-της</b> m. <b class="b2">comrade in oath</b> with <b class="b3">-σία</b> a.o. (IA.); <b class="b3">ὁρκωμό-της</b>, s. [[ὅρκος]].<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [778] <b class="b2">*h₃emh₃-</b> [[insist]], [[urge]]<br />Etymology: With <b class="b3">ὀμό-σαι</b> agrees in formation <b class="b3">ἀρό-σαι</b> [[plough]]; thus the disyllabic <b class="b3">ὀλέ-σαι στορέ-σαι</b> a.o. with different vowel; on <b class="b3">ὀμο-</b> rests the future <b class="b3">ὀμό[σ]-ομαι</b>, to which analogically <b class="b3">ὀμεῖται</b> was created for <b class="b3">*ὀμοῦται</b> (Schwyzer 784 n. 3; diff. Sánchez Ruipérez Emer. 18, 406 f.; see also Wackernagel Unt. 3f. and Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 62 a. 451). The present <b class="b3">ὄμνυμι</b> like <b class="b3">ὄλλυμι</b> etc. (Schwyzer 363); the perfect is clearly innovated. The further history of the word remains unclear, as there is no convincing etymology. -- Since Aufrecht RhM 40, 160 one connects generally <b class="b3">ὄμνυμι</b>, <b class="b3">ὀμόσαι</b> with the Skt. disyllabic athem. root-present <b class="b2">ámī-ti</b> about [[press]], [[urge]] (after Neisser BB 30, 299ff., Renou JournAs. 1939, 183 f., Benveniste Revue de l'hist. des relig. 134, 81 ff. a.o. however <b class="b2">seize with force</b>), beside which sometimes <b class="b2">assure urgently</b> (also [[swear]]?) v. t. This interpretation is now generally accepted. S. Hiersche REGr. 71, 35 ff. and Hoffman, KZ 83(1969)193f. Cf. [[ὀμοίϊος]], [[ὀμοκλή]]; s. also on [[ὅρκος]]. | ||
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{{mdlsj | |||
|mdlsjtxt=<br /><b class="num">I.</b> to [[swear]], Hom.; c. acc. cogn., ὀμνυέτω δέ τοι ὅρκον Il.; ὅ τις κ' ἐπίορκον ὀμόσσηι [[whosoever]] swears a false [[oath]], Il.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> to [[swear]] to a [[thing]], [[affirm]] or [[confirm]] by [[oath]], [[ταῦτα]] δ' ἐγὼν [[ἐθέλω]] [[ὀμόσαι]] Il.; ὄμν. τὴν εἰρήνην Dem.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> foll. by inf. fut. to [[swear]] that one [[will]] . . , Il., Soph.;—often with ἦ μέν or (in [[attic]]) ἦ μήν [[preceding]] the inf., καί μοι ὄμοσσον ἦ μέν μοι ἀρήξειν Il.; so by inf. aor. and ἄν, Xen.:—foll. by inf. pres. to [[swear]] that one is doing a [[thing]], Soph.; by inf. perf. to [[swear]] that one has done, Dem.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> absol. [[εἰπεῖν]] ὀμόσας to say with an [[oath]], Plat.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> with acc. of the [[person]] or [[thing]] [[sworn]] by, to [[swear]] by, [[ὀμόσαι]] Στυγὸς [[ὕδωρ]] Il.; ὀμωμοκὼς τοὺς θεούς Dem.;—[[rarely]] c. dat., τῶι δ' ἄρ' ὄμνυτ'; Ar.:—Pass., ὀμώμοσται [[Ζεύς]] [[Zeus]] has been [[sworn]] by, adjured, Eur. | |||
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