αἴτιος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=α, ον, more rarely ος, ον <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>547</span>: (v. <b class="b3">αἰτία</b>):—<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">culpable, responsible</b>, ἐπεὶ οὔ τί μοι αἴτιοί εἰσιν <span class="bibl">Il.1.153</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">B.10.34</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.214</span>: Comp. αἰτιώτερος <span class="bibl">Th.4.20</span>: Sup., <b class="b3">τοὺς αἰτιωτάτους</b> <b class="b2">the most guilty</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.50</span>; αἰ. τινος <span class="bibl">Id.3.52</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> Subst., <b class="b3">αἴτιος, ὁ</b>, <b class="b2">the accused, the culprit</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>70</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οἱ αἴ. τοῦ πατρός</b> <b class="b2">they who have sinned against</b> my father, ib.<span class="bibl">273</span>:—c. gen. rei, <b class="b3">οἱ αἴ. τοῦ φόνου</b> ib.<span class="bibl">117</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>590</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.200</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">responsible for</b>, c. gen. rei, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.1</span>, etc. ; <b class="b3">αἴτιός τινός τινι</b> being <b class="b2">the cause of</b> a thing <b class="b2">to</b> a person, <span class="bibl">Lys.13.57</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.23.54</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.8.100</span>: c. inf., αἴ. τὸν ἠέρα ξηρὸν εἶναι <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.26</span>; τοῦ μὴ φαλακροῦσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.3.12</span>, etc.; αἴ. θανεῖν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1173</span>; αἰ. πεμφθῆναι ἄγγελον <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.23</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Lys.13.82</span>; αἴτιος τὸ σὲ ἀποκρίνασθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">La.</span>190e</span>: Comp., τοῦ . . ἐλευθέραν εἶναι . . αἰτιώτερον <span class="bibl">D.24.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">51.21</span>: Sup. <b class="b3">αἰτιώτατος, ἐν τῷ στενῷ ναυμαχῆσαι</b> <b class="b2">mainly instrumental in causing</b> the sea-fight, <span class="bibl">Th.1.74</span>; αἰ. τοῦ μὴ ἀποθανεῖν <span class="bibl">D.20.42</span>; -ώτατόν τι καὶ τελέως δραστικόν Phld.<span class="title">D.</span>1.23. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">αἴτιον, τό</b>, <b class="b2">cause</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>6</span> (pl.), <span class="bibl">21</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.125</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>939</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.26</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τί ποτ' οὖν ἐστι τὸ αἴτιον τό . . μηδένα εἰπεῖν</b>; <span class="bibl">D.8.56</span>; freq. in Philos., τὸ δ' αἴ. τούτου εἶναι ὅτι . . <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>11o</span>e, etc.</span>