ζημία: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Dor. ζᾱμία (<span class="title">SIG</span>239<span class="title">D</span>iii5 (Delph., iv B.C.), etc., later σαμία <span class="title">Delph.</span>3(1).342 (ii B.C.), cf. <b class="b3">ταμία, ἀττάμιος</b>), ἡ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">loss, damage</b>, <span class="bibl">Epich. 148</span>; opp. <b class="b3">κέρδος</b>, <span class="bibl">Lys.7.12</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>835b</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1132b12</span>; <b class="b3">ζημίαν</b> or <b class="b3">-ίας λαβεῖν</b> to sustain <b class="b2">loss</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>807</span>, <span class="bibl">D.11.11</span>; ζ. ποιεῖν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>1124</span>; ζ. ἐργάζεσθαι <span class="bibl">Is.6.20</span> (unless in signf. <span class="bibl">1.2</span>); ζ. φέρειντῇ πόλει Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>l.c.; <b class="b3">ζ. εἶναι νομίζειν</b> consider <b class="b2">as loss</b>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.3.50</span>, <span class="bibl">Is.7.23</span>; ζ. πλείονα ὑπομένειν τῆς τιμῆς <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PFlor.</span>142.8</span> (iii A.D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ζ. ἐργάζεσθαι</b>, of a slave, be guilty of a <b class="b2">delict</b>, <span class="bibl">Is.6.20</span> (v. supr.), <span class="bibl">Hyp.<span class="title">Ath.</span>22</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">penalty</b> in money, <b class="b2">fine</b>, ζημίην ἀποτίνειν <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.65</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHal.</span>1.195</span> (iii B.C.); ἐκτίνειν <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Lg.</span>774e</span>; ἱρὴν ζ. ὀφείλειν <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.52</span>; ζ. καταβάλλειν <span class="bibl">D.24.83</span>, cf. <span class="title">SIG</span> l.c.; μετὰ . . χρημάτων ζημίας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>862d</span>; ζ. ἐπέκειτο στατήρ <span class="bibl">Th.3.70</span>; ζημίαν ὀφείλειν τάλαντον <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Lys.</span>27</span>; τῆς ζ. ἀφεθῆναι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Arist.</span>4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> generally, <b class="b2">penalty</b>, ζ. ἐπιτιθέναι τινί <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.144</span>; ζ. ἔπεστί τινι <span class="bibl">Id.2.136</span>; πρόσκειταί τινι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Vect.</span>4.21</span>; γλώσσῃ ζ. προστρίβεται <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span> 331</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">384</span>; with the penalty added, <b class="b3">θάνατον ζ. ἐπιθέσθαι, προθεῖναι, τάξαι</b>, to make death <b class="b2">the penalty</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.24</span>, <span class="bibl">3.44</span>, <span class="bibl">D.20.135</span>; θάνατος ἡ ζ. ἐπίκειται <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.38</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">65</span>; but <b class="b3">ἐφ' οἷς . . θάνατος ἡ ζ</b>. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>325b</span>: in pl., θανάτου ζημίαι πρόκεινται <span class="bibl">Th.3.45</span> (v.l.): c. gen. criminis, <b class="b3">ζ. ἀδικίας</b> <b class="b2">penalty for</b>... <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>176d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lg.</span>860e</span> (pl.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> simply, <b class="b2">expense</b>, <span class="title">SIG</span>717.81 (ii/i B.C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span>5.1660.10</span>, <span class="bibl">1674.23</span> (pl., vi A.D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> of what is bought too dearly, a <b class="b2">bad bargain</b>, a <b class="b2">dead loss</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.3.2</span>: usu. with Adj., φανερὰ ζᾱμία <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>737</span>; <b class="b3">καθαρὰ ζ., λαμπρὰ ζ</b>., <span class="bibl">Alciphr.3.21</span>,<span class="bibl">38</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Alex.56.6</span>.</span>