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ἵστημι: Difference between revisions
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|mdlsjtxt=[for σίστημι, redupl. from !στα]<br /><b class="num">I.</b> Causal Tenses, to make to [[stand]], Lat. [[sisto]],<br /><b class="num">II.</b> intr. to [[stand]], Lat. sto,<br />A. Causal, to make to [[stand]], set, Hom., etc.:— to set men in [[array]], [[post]] them, Il., Xen.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> to make to [[stand]], [[stop]], [[stay]], [[check]], Hom., etc.; [[στῆσαι]] τὴν φάλαγγα to [[halt]] it, Xen.; στ. τὰ ὄμματα to fix them, of a [[dying]] man, Plat.; ἵ. τὸ [[πρόσωπον]], Lat. componere [[vultum]], Xen.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> to set up, ἱστ. [[ἱστόν]] to set up the [[loom]], or to [[raise]] the [[mast]], Hom.; to [[raise]] buildings, statues, trophies, etc., Hdt., [[attic]]; ἱστάναι τινὰ [[χαλκοῦν]] to set him up in [[brass]], [[raise]] a brasen [[statue]] to him, Dem.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> to [[raise]], [[rouse]], [[stir]] up, Hom., etc.; φυλόπιδα στήσειν to [[stir]] up [[strife]], Od.; in aor1 mid., στήσασθαι μάχην Od.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> to set up, [[appoint]], τινὰ [[βασιλέα]] Hdt.; Pass., ὁ σταθεὶς [[ὕπαρχος]] Hdt.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> to [[establish]], [[institute]] a [[festival]], Hdt., [[attic]]<br /><b class="num">IV.</b> to [[place]] in the [[balance]], [[weigh]], Il., etc.; ἱστάναι τι πρός τι to [[weigh]] one [[thing]] [[against]] [[another]], Hdt.<br />B. Pass. and intr. tenses of Act. to be set or placed, to [[stand]], Hom.:—often [[merely]] for [[εἶναι]], to be [[there]], Od., etc.; with an adv. to be in a [[certain]] [[state]] or [[condition]], ἵνα χρείας [[ἕσταμεν]] in [[what]] a [[state]] of [[need]] we are, Soph., etc.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> to lie, be [[situated]], Thuc.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> to [[stand]] [[still]], [[stop]], [[halt]], Hom.: to [[stand]] [[idle]], Il.: to [[stop]], [[cease]], be at [[rest]], Il.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> metaph. to [[stand]] [[firm]], Xen.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> to [[stand]] up, [[rise]] up, Il.; of a [[horse]], ἵστασθαι [[ὀρθός]] to [[rear]] up, Hdt.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> to [[arise]], [[begin]], Il.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> in marking [[Time]], ἔαρος ἱσταμένοιο as [[spring]] was [[beginning]], Od.; [[ἕβδομος]] ἑστήκει [[μείς]] the [[seventh]] [[month]] began, Il.; τοῦ μὲν φθίνοντος μηνός, τοῦ δ' ἱσταμένοιο as one [[month]] ends and the [[next]] begins, Od.; the [[month]] in Hom. [[being]] divided [[into]] two parts, ἱστάμενος and φθίνων; but in the [[attic]] Calendar, it [[fell]] [[into]] [[three]] decads, ἱστάμενος, μεσῶν, φθίνων, Hdt., Thuc.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> to be appointed, [[στῆναι]] ἐς [[ἀρχήν]] Hdt. | |mdlsjtxt=[for σίστημι, redupl. from !στα]<br /><b class="num">I.</b> Causal Tenses, to make to [[stand]], Lat. [[sisto]],<br /><b class="num">II.</b> intr. to [[stand]], Lat. sto,<br />A. Causal, to make to [[stand]], set, Hom., etc.:— to set men in [[array]], [[post]] them, Il., Xen.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> to make to [[stand]], [[stop]], [[stay]], [[check]], Hom., etc.; [[στῆσαι]] τὴν φάλαγγα to [[halt]] it, Xen.; στ. τὰ ὄμματα to fix them, of a [[dying]] man, Plat.; ἵ. τὸ [[πρόσωπον]], Lat. componere [[vultum]], Xen.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> to set up, ἱστ. [[ἱστόν]] to set up the [[loom]], or to [[raise]] the [[mast]], Hom.; to [[raise]] buildings, statues, trophies, etc., Hdt., [[attic]]; ἱστάναι τινὰ [[χαλκοῦν]] to set him up in [[brass]], [[raise]] a brasen [[statue]] to him, Dem.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> to [[raise]], [[rouse]], [[stir]] up, Hom., etc.; φυλόπιδα στήσειν to [[stir]] up [[strife]], Od.; in aor1 mid., στήσασθαι μάχην Od.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> to set up, [[appoint]], τινὰ [[βασιλέα]] Hdt.; Pass., ὁ σταθεὶς [[ὕπαρχος]] Hdt.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> to [[establish]], [[institute]] a [[festival]], Hdt., [[attic]]<br /><b class="num">IV.</b> to [[place]] in the [[balance]], [[weigh]], Il., etc.; ἱστάναι τι πρός τι to [[weigh]] one [[thing]] [[against]] [[another]], Hdt.<br />B. Pass. and intr. tenses of Act. to be set or placed, to [[stand]], Hom.:—often [[merely]] for [[εἶναι]], to be [[there]], Od., etc.; with an adv. to be in a [[certain]] [[state]] or [[condition]], ἵνα χρείας [[ἕσταμεν]] in [[what]] a [[state]] of [[need]] we are, Soph., etc.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> to lie, be [[situated]], Thuc.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> to [[stand]] [[still]], [[stop]], [[halt]], Hom.: to [[stand]] [[idle]], Il.: to [[stop]], [[cease]], be at [[rest]], Il.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> metaph. to [[stand]] [[firm]], Xen.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> to [[stand]] up, [[rise]] up, Il.; of a [[horse]], ἵστασθαι [[ὀρθός]] to [[rear]] up, Hdt.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> to [[arise]], [[begin]], Il.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> in marking [[Time]], ἔαρος ἱσταμένοιο as [[spring]] was [[beginning]], Od.; [[ἕβδομος]] ἑστήκει [[μείς]] the [[seventh]] [[month]] began, Il.; τοῦ μὲν φθίνοντος μηνός, τοῦ δ' ἱσταμένοιο as one [[month]] ends and the [[next]] begins, Od.; the [[month]] in Hom. [[being]] divided [[into]] two parts, ἱστάμενος and φθίνων; but in the [[attic]] Calendar, it [[fell]] [[into]] [[three]] decads, ἱστάμενος, μεσῶν, φθίνων, Hdt., Thuc.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> to be appointed, [[στῆναι]] ἐς [[ἀρχήν]] Hdt. | ||
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|ftr='''ἵστημι''': {hístēmi}<br />'''Forms''': dor. ἵσταμι, Med. [[ἵσταμαι]], Aor. [[στῆσαι]], στήσασθαι, Fut. στήσω [[stellen]], [[sich stellen]], [[stehen machen]], [[anhalten]] (seit Il.), Aor. Pass. [[σταθῆναι]] (seit Od.), Fut. [[σταθήσομαι]] (att.); intr. Aor. [[στῆναι]] mit Fut. [[στήσομαι]] [[hintreten]], Perf. [[ἕστηκα]] [[stehen]] (seit Il.),<br />'''Grammar''': v.<br />'''Composita''' : sehr oft mit Präfix, ἀνα-, κατα-, ἀπο-, ἐξ-, μετα- usw. usw.<br />'''Derivative''': Die zahlreichen, z. T. altererbten Ableitungen werden unter besonderen Schlagwörtern behandelt, s. [[ἱστός]], [[σταθμός]], [[σταμῖνες]], [[στάμνος]], [[στάσις]], [[στατήρ]], [[στήλη]], [[στήμων]], [[στοά]] usw.; vgl. noch [[σταυρός]] u. a.<br />'''Etymology''' : Zu dem intr. athematischen Wurzelaorist [[ἔστην]] stimmt genau aind. ''á''-''sthā''-''m'', idg. *''é''-''st''(''h'')''ā''-''m''. Daneben steht ohne außergriechische Entsprechung schon bei Hom. ein transitiver σ-Aorist ἔστησ-α wie ἔφυσ-α neben [[ἔφυν]] u. a.; das intrans. Futurum [[στήσομαι]], ursprünglich zu [[ἔστην]] gebildet, aber mit den σ-Aoristen assoziiert, ist wahrscheinlich dabei wirksam gewesen. Auch das trans. reduplizierte athematische Präsens [[ἵστημι]] ist auf das Griechische beschränkt und schließt sich den semantisch befreundeten [[τίθημι]], ἵη-μι, [[βίβημι]] an; sowohl das Indoiranische wie das Italokeltische haben dafür thematische Bildungen, z. B. aind. ''tí''-''ṣṭh''-''ati'' [[steht]], lat. ''si''-''st''-''it'' [[bleibt stehen]], [[stellt]]. Die transitive Bedeutung, die auch lat. ''sistō'' kennzeichnet (vgl. ''gi''-''gn''-''ō''), erscheint sowohl in [[τίθημι]] wie in [[ἔστησα]] und kann mit beiden in Verbindung stehen. Das intr. Perf. ἕστηκ-α, pl. [[ἕσταμεν]] ist bis auf die κ-Erweiterung alt und spiegelt zusammen mit aind. ''ta''-''stháu'', pl. ''ta''-''sthi''-''má'', lat. ''ste''-''ti''-''mus'' ein idg. Perfekt wider. Alt ist desgleichen das Verbaladjektiv [[στατός]] [[stillstehend]], [[stätig]] (seit Il.; hier von Pferden wie awno. ''staðr'', nicht passiv mit Ammann Μνήμης [[χάριν]] 1, 17) = aind. ''sthĭ''-''tá''- [[stehend]], lat. ''stă''-''tus'' [[gestellt]] (auf ''sistō'' bezogen), awno. ''sta''-''ðr'' [[zum Stehen geneigt]], [[stätig]] usw. Ganz fraglich ist dagegen die Gleichung ἐστάθης : aind. ''á''-''sthi''-''thās''. Weitere Einzelheiten mit Lit. bei Schwyzer 686f., 742, 755f., 762, 775f., 782. — Übrige idg. Formen, die für das Griechische ohne Belang sind (z. B. lat. ''stō'' < *''stā''-''i̯ō'' = lit. ''stō''-''ju'', aksl. ''sta''-''jǫ'' [[treten]], [[sich stellen]], germ., z. B. as. ahd. ''stān'', ''stēn'' ‘''stehen''’ nach ''gān'', ''gēn'' ‘''gehen''’), in reicher Auswahl bei Bq, WP. 2, 603ff., Pok. 1004ff. ebenso wie in den Wörterbüchern der betr. Einzelsprachen, z. B. W.-Hofmann s. ''stō''. S. auch [[ἱστάνω]].<br />'''Page''' 1,739 | |||
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