ἡμέρα: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Ep. and Ion. ἡμέρη <span class="title">IG</span>12(5).1 (Ios), Dor. ἀμέρα ib.5(1).213.43,al., 1390.109, 1432.25, <span class="title">Test.Epict.</span>4.12, <span class="title">Michel</span>995<span class="title">A</span> 32, etc., Locr. ἀμάρα <span class="title">IG</span>9(1).334.42 (aspirated perh. only in Att. and West Ion., cf. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ἐπάμερος Pi., etc., αὐθημερόν <span class="title">IG</span>7.235.18 (Oropus), etc.; usu. unaspirated in early Att. Inscrr., <span class="title">IG</span>12.49.6, al.; aspirated in codd. even in dialects: original <b class="b3">ἀμέρα</b> prob. took aspirate from <b class="b3">ἑσπέρα</b>): ἡ:—[[day]], less freq. than <b class="b3">ἦμαρ</b> in Hom., ἡ. ἥδε κακὸν φέρει <span class="bibl">Il.8.541</span>, <span class="bibl">13.828</span>; <b class="b3">τίς νύ μοι ἡ. ἥδε</b>; <span class="bibl">Od.24.514</span>; <b class="b3">νύκτες τε καὶ ἡ</b>. <span class="bibl">14.93</span>; <b class="b3">μῆνές τε καὶ ἡ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">293</span>; νοῦσοι ἐφ' ἡμέρῃ αἳ δ' ἐπὶ νυκτί <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>102</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ σήμερον ἡ</b>., v. [[σήμερον· ἅμα ἡμέρᾳ]] or <b class="b3">ἅμα τῇ ἡμέρᾳ</b> [[at daybreak]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>6.3.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.76</span>; ἅμ' ἡμέρῃ διαφωσκούσῃ <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.86</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ. διέλαμψεν, ἐξέλαμψεν, ὑπέφαινε</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>744</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pax</span>304</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.5.14</span>; <b class="b3">τῆς ἡ. ὀψέ</b> late [[in the day]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HG</span>2.1.23</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> sts. like Ep. <b class="b3">ἦμαρ</b>, with Adjs. to describe [[a state]] or [[time of life]], <b class="b3">ἐπίπονος ἁ</b>. [[a life]] of misery, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>654</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">λυπρὰν ἄγειν ἡ</b>. <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Hec.</span>364</span>; <b class="b3">ἐχθρὰ ἡ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>540</span>; <b class="b3">παλαιὰ ἁ</b>. old [[age]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>623</span> (but <b class="b3">θεία ἡ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>950</span> is dub. l.); <b class="b3">τερμία ἁ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1330</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">αἱ μακραὶ ἁμέραι</b> length of [[days]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>1216</span>(lyr.); <b class="b3">νέα ἁ</b>. youth, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>720</span>(lyr.); so <b class="b3">τῇ πρώτῃ ἡ</b>. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1389a24</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ τῇ τελευταίᾳ ἡ</b>. at the close of [[life]], ib.<span class="bibl">1389b33</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1529</span>; <b class="b3">ζοὴν βλέπουσιν ἡ</b>. look [[life-like]], <span class="bibl">Herod.4.68</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> poet. for [[time]], ἡ. κλίνει τε κἀνάγει πάλιν ἅπαντα τἀνθρώπεια <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>131</span>; ἐς τόδ' ἡμέρας <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>1138</span>: pl., <b class="b3">ἐν ἡμέραις τινός</b> [[in the days]] of... <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">1 Ch.</span>4.41</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἡ. ἀρχαῖαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ps.</span>142(143).5</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[birthday]], <span class="bibl">D.L.4.41</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> [[a fixed day]], <b class="b3">τακτὴ ἡ</b>. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>12.21</span>; <b class="b3">ῥητὴ ἡ</b>. <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Alex.</span>19</span>; ἡ. ἔστησαν ἀρχαιρεσιῶν <span class="bibl">D.H.6.48</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>17.31</span>; ἡ. Κυρίου <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Jl.</span>2.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Pet.</span>3.12</span>, etc.; ἡ. κρίσεως <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>10.15</span>: so abs., <b class="b3">ὑπὸ ἀνθρωπίνης ἡμέρας</b> a human [[tribunal]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Cor.</span>4.3</span>; ἡμέραι καὶ ἀγῶνες <span class="title">Jahresh.</span>23<span class="title">Beibl.</span>93 (Pamphyl.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> in pl., [[age]], <b class="b3">προβεβηκὼς ἐν ταῖς ἡ</b>. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>1.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ge.</span>47.8</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> abs. usages, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> gen., <b class="b3">τριῶν ἡμερέων</b> [[within]] three [[days]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.115</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.7.3</span>; <b class="b3">ἡμερῶν ὀλίγων</b> [[within]] a few [[days]], <span class="bibl">Id.4.26</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἄλλης ἡ</b>. another [[day]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>698</span>; <b class="b3">τῆς αὐτῆς ἡ</b>. <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.87</span>; μιᾶς ἀμέρας <span class="title">IG</span>5(1).213.43 (Sparta, V B.C.); <b class="b3">ἡμέρας</b> [[by day]], opp. <b class="b3">νυκτός</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>65</span>; οὔθ' ἡμέρας οὔτε νυκτός <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>240c</span>; <b class="b3">τοὺς . . τῆς ἡ. ἄρτους δ</b> [[daily]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span> 47.21</span> (ii B.C.); <b class="b3">δὶς τῆς ἡμέρης ἑκάστης</b> twice every [[day]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.37</span>; <b class="b3">δίς τῆς ἡ</b>. <span class="bibl">Pl.Com.207</span>; <b class="b3">πεντάκις τῆς ἡ</b>. <span class="bibl">Men.326</span>; <b class="b3">κατεσθίω . . τῆς ἡ. πένθ' ἡμιμέδιμνα</b> five [[every day]], <span class="bibl">Pherecr.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> dat., <b class="b3">τῇδε θἠμέρᾳ</b>,= <b class="b3">σήμερον</b>, (<span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1283</span>; τῇ τόθ' ἡ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>1134</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> acc., <b class="b3">πᾶσαν ἡ</b>. any [[day]], i.e. soon, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.111</span>, <span class="bibl">7.203</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν μὲν αὐτίχ' ἡ</b>. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>433</span>; <b class="b3">ὅλην τὴν ἡ</b>. <span class="bibl">Eup.233</span>; <b class="b3">τρίτην ἡ. ἥκων</b> two [[days]] after one's arrival, <span class="bibl">Th.8.23</span>; οὐδεμίαν ἡ. ὑπεύθυνος εἶναί φημι <span class="bibl">D.18.112</span>; <b class="b3">πέντε ἡμέρας</b> during five [[days]], <span class="bibl">Th.8.103</span>; <b class="b3">τὰς ἡ</b>. in the [[daytime]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.3.12</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν ἡ</b>. [[daily]], <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ex.</span> 29.38</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> with Preps., <b class="b3">μίαν ἀν' ἁμέραν</b> on one [[day]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>9.85</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνὰ πᾶσαν ἡ</b>. every [[day]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.198</span>; <b class="b3">ἀφ' ἡμέρας τῆς νῦν</b> from this [[day]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>351</span>; but <b class="b3">ἀφ' ἡμέρας γίνεσθαι ἐν τῷ Μουσείῳ</b> [[from early in the day]], <span class="bibl">Plb.8.25.11</span>: <b class="b3">δι' ἡμέρης</b>, Att. <b class="b3">-ρας</b>, the whole [[day]] long, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.97</span>, <span class="bibl">2.173</span>, <span class="bibl">Pherecr.64</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>260</span>(lyr.); <b class="b3">διὰ τρίτης ἡ</b>. every other [[day]], <span class="bibl">Hdt. 2.37</span>; <b class="b3">διὰ πολλῶν ἡ</b>. at a distance of many [[days]], <span class="bibl">Th.2.29</span>; δι' ἡμερῶν τινων <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>4.3.6</span>; <b class="b3">εἰσ ἡμέραν</b> [[yearly]], <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Jd.</span>17.10</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν ἡμέρῃ</b> [[in a single day]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.126</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Pk.</span>377</span>; ἐνἡ. μιᾷ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>615</span>; <b class="b3">τῇδ' ἐν ἡ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>1612</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡ</b>. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Jo.</span>14.20</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν ἑστέραισιν ἡ</b>. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1666</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν ὀκτὼ ἡ</b>. <span class="bibl">Lys.20.10</span>; but <b class="b3">ἐν τρισὶν ἡ</b>. [[within]] three [[days]], Ev.Jo.2.19; <b class="b3">ἐξ ἡμέρας</b> by [[day]], <b class="b3">οὔτε νυκτὸς οὔτ' ἐξ ἡ</b>. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>780</span>; <b class="b3">ἡμέραν ἐξ ἡμέρας</b> [[day]] after [[day]], <span class="bibl">Henioch.5.13</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ge.</span>39.10</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Pet.</span>2.8</span> (but ἐξ ἡμερῶν εἰς ἡμέρας <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">2 Ch.</span>21.15</span>); <b class="b3">ἐπ' ἡμέρην ἔχειν, ἐφ' -ραν χρῆσθαι</b>, [[sufficient for the day]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.32</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.69</span>; τὸ γὰρ βρότειον σπέρμ' ἐφ' ἡ. φρονεῖ <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Fr.</span>399</span>; τῆς ἐφ' ἡ. βορᾶς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>429</span>; but <b class="b3">τοὐφ' ἡμέραν</b> [[day by day]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyc.</span> 336</span>: c. dat., <b class="b3">ἐπ' ἡμέρῃ ἑκάστῃ</b> (v.l. [[-ρης -της]]) every [[day]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.117</span>; ὁ ἥλιος νέος ἐφ' ἡμέρῃ <span class="bibl">Heraclit.6</span>; <b class="b3">καθ' ἡμέραν</b> [[by day]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>818</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">καθ' ἡ. τὴν νῦν</b> [[to-day]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>3</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aj.</span>801</span>; but <b class="b3">καθ' ἡ</b>. commonly means [[day by day]], IG12.84.40, etc.; <b class="b3">καθ' ἡ. ἀεί</b> [S.]<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>1120.4</span>: with Art., τὸν καθ' ἡ. βίον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>1364</span>; ἡ καθ' ἡ. ἀναγκαία τροφή <span class="bibl">Th.1.2</span>; τὰ καθ' ἡ. ἐπιτηδεύματα <span class="bibl">Id.2.37</span>; τὸ καθ' ἡ. ἀδεές <span class="bibl">Id.3.37</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τὸ καθ' ἡ</b>. [[every day]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1126</span> (lyr.), etc.; also τὰ καθ' ἑκάστην τὴν ἡ. ἐπιτηδεύματα <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.78</span>; <b class="b3">μετ' ἡμέρην</b> [[in broad daylight]], opp. <b class="b3">νυκτός</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.150</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>930</span>; opp. <b class="b3">νύκτωρ</b>, <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.77</span>; <b class="b3">μεθ' ἡμέρας</b> [[some days]] after, <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Jd.</span>15.1</span>; <b class="b3">ἡμέρα παρ' ἡμέραν γιγνομένη</b> [[day]] following on [[day]], <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.72</span>; but <b class="b3">παρ' ἡμέραν</b> [[every other day]], Dsc.3.137, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DDeor.</span>24.2</span>; παρ' ἡ. ἄρχειν <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Fab.</span>15</span>; καθ' ἡμέραν εἰώθειν ὀργίζεσθαι, νῦν παρ' ἡμέραν, εἶτα παρὰ δύο, εἶτα παρὰ τρεῖς <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>2.18.13</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸ ἡμέρας</b> before [[day-break]], <span class="bibl">Diph.22</span>; but <b class="b3">πρὸ ἀμερᾶν δέκα ἤ κα μέλλωντι ἀναγινώσκεν</b> <span class="title">GDI</span>5040.42 (Crete); πρὸ ἡμερῶν ἑπτὰ εἰδυῶν Ὀκτωμβρίων <span class="title">SIG</span>646.2 (Thisbe, ii B.C.); <b class="b3">γίγνεται, ἔστι πρὸς ἡμέραν</b>, towards [[day]], near [[day]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.4.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.1.14</span>; also, <b class="b2">for the day, daily</b>, <span class="bibl">Charito 4.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> as pr. n., [[the goddess of day]], <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>124</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> v. [[ἥμερος]] <span class="bibl">11</span>.</span>