πάθος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ᾰ], εος, τό, ([[πάσχω]]) <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[that]] [[which]] [[happen]]s to a person or thing, <b class="b3">τὰ ἐν τοῖς κατόπτροις τῆς ὄψεως πάθος</b> <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>193c</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ ἐν τῷ ἀνθρωπίνῳ βίῳ [τῆς ψυχῆς] πάθος</b> <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>612a</span>; [[incident]], [[accident]], <b class="b3">τὰ ἀνθρωπήϊα πάθη</b> <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.4</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ συντυχὸν πάθος</b> <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>313</span>; <b class="b3">οὗ τόδ' ἦν πάθος</b> where this [[incident]] took place, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>732</span>; <b class="b3">ἔξωθεν πάθος</b> <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>381a</span>; [[unfortunate]] [[accident]], <span class="bibl">Antipho 3.4.10</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[what one has experienced]], [[good]] or [[bad]], [[experience]], τὸν πάθει μάθος θέντα κυρίως ἔχειν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>177</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">τά γ' ἐμὰ πάθος</b> my [[experience]]s, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>96a</span>; τὸ δρᾶμα τοῦ πάθους πλέον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>533</span>; opp. [[ἔργα]], <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Phdr.</span>245c</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Cael.</span>298a28</span>; opp. [[πρᾶξις]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>876d</span>; ἤθη καὶ πάθος καὶ πράξεις <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Po.</span>1447a28</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> in bad sense, [[misfortune]], [[calamity]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>703</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.91</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.32.10</span>, etc.; οὐλίῳ σὺν πάθει <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>932</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">τὰ τῆς Νιόβης πάθη</b> <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>380a</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἀνήκεστον πάθος ἔρδειν</b> to do an [[act]] which is an [[irreparable]] [[mischief]] to one, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.137</span>; <b class="b3">μετὰ τῆς θυγατρὸς τὸ πάθος</b>, i.e. her [[death]], <span class="bibl">Id.2.133</span>; <b class="b3">πάθος μέγα πεπονθέναι</b>, of a great [[defeat]], <span class="bibl">Id.3.147</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5.87</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> = [[πάθημα]] <span class="bibl">11.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">GA</span>738a16</span>, <span class="bibl">750a30</span>, Gal.10.91. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> of the soul, [[emotion]], [[passion]] (λέγω δὲ πάθη… ὅλως οἷς ἕπεται ἡδονὴ ἢ λύπη <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1105b21</span>), σοφίη ψυχὴν παθῶν ἀφαιρεῖται <span class="bibl">Democr.31</span>; διὰ πάθους <span class="bibl">Th.3.84</span>; <b class="b3">ἐρωτικὸν πάθος</b> <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>265b</span>; <b class="b3">πάθος ποιεῖν</b> to excite [[passion]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1418a12</span>; ἐν πάθος εἶναι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1287b3</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκτὸς τοῦ πάθος εἶναι</b> to be [[exempt]] from [[passion]], <span class="bibl">Teles p.56</span> H.; ἔξω τῶν παθῶν [[γίγνεσθαι]] <span class="bibl">D.C.60.3</span>; <b class="b3">περὶ παθῶν</b>, title of work by Zeno the Stoic, <span class="bibl">D.L.7.4</span>; in Epicur., [[sensation]] (including [[pleasure]] and [[pain]]), <b class="b3">ἀκουστικὸν πάθος</b> <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.</span>1p.13U.</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">p.19</span> U. (pl.); <b class="b3">ὡς κανόνι τῷ πάθει πᾶν ἀγαθὸν κρίνοντες</b> ib.<span class="bibl">3p.63U.</span> </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[state]], [[condition]], <b class="b3">τὸ τῆς παντοδαπῆς ἀγνοίας πάθος</b> <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>228e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">243c</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Plt.</span>277d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ap.</span>22c</span>; opp. [[ἐνέργεια]], <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Synt.</span>12.17</span>; opp. [[ποίημα]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>248d</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[incident]]s of things, [[change]]s or [[happening]]s occurring in them, <b class="b3">τὰ οὐράνια πάθη</b> <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Hp.Ma.</span> 285c</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ περὶ τὸν οὐρανὸν πάθη</b> <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>96c</span>; τὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ πάθος καὶ μέρη <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>986a5</span>; πάθος τοῦτο, ὃ καλεῖν εἰώθαμεν σεισμόν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Mu.</span>395b36</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[properties]], [[qualities]] of things, opp. [[οὐσία]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthphr.</span>11a</span>; <b class="b3">πάθος λέγεται… ποιότης καθ' ἣν ἀλλοιοῦσθαι ἐνδέχεται, οἷον τὸ λευκὸν καὶ τὸ μέλαν, καὶ γλυκὺ καὶ πικρόν, καὶ βαρύτης καὶ κουφότης, κτλ</b>. <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Metaph.</span>1022b15</span>; <b class="b3">τῶν ἀριθμῶν πάθος</b> ib.<span class="bibl">985b29</span>; <b class="b3">ἀριθμοῖς καὶ γραμμαῖς καὶ τοῖς τούτων πάθος</b> <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">Comm.Math.</span>23</span>; γεωμετρία περὶ τὰ συμβεβηκότα πάθη τοῖς μεγέθεσι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1355b31</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">APo.</span>75b1</span>; <b class="b3">τῶν φυτῶν τὰ μέρη καὶ τὰ πάθη</b> <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>1.1.1</span>; <b class="b3">αἱ δυνάμεις καὶ τὰ πάθη</b> ib.<span class="bibl">8.4.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> Gramm., [[modification]] in [[form]] of words (esp. [[dialectal]]), πάθη τῆς λέξεως <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1460b12</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Pron.</span>38.24</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> in Syntax, [[modified]] [[construction]], of [[omission]] or [[redundancy]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Synt.</span>6.15</span>, <span class="bibl">267.8</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[passivity]], <span class="bibl">D.T.637.30</span>, <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Synt.</span>12.17</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> in writing, signs other than [[accent]]s and [[breathing]]s ([[ἀπόστροφος]], [[ὑφέν]], [[ὑποδιαστολή]]), D.T.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1p.107U. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> Rhet., [[emotional]] [[style]] or [[treatment]], <b class="b3">τὸ σφοδρὸν καὶ ἐνθουσιαστικὸν πάθος</b> Longin.8.1; πάθος [[ποιεῖν]] Arist. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Rh.</span>1418a12</span>; πράγματα πάθος ἔχοντα Plu.2.711e, etc.: pl., πάθη διεστῶτα ὕψους Longin.8.2.</span>