Ποσειδῶν: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=ῶνος Ruijgh REG 80(1967)6-16 Lampas 1.4 99f<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[Poseidon]] (Att.).<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[Posedao]], dat. <b class="b2">-ne</b>.<br />Derivatives: Beside it ep. poet. [[Ποσειδάων]], <b class="b3">-άωνος</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">-έων</b>, lyr., also Cret., Epid., Arc. a.o. inscr. [[Ποσειδάν]], Arc. also [[Ποσοιδάν]], from where Lac. [[Ποhοιδάν]] (on the acc. Hdn. 2, 914 a. 916). With <b class="b3">-τ-</b> in Dor. forms from diff. areas: <b class="b3">Ποτειδά(Ϝ)ων</b>, <b class="b3">-δάν</b>, also (Dor. a. Att. com.) <b class="b3">Ποτ(ε)ιδᾶς</b>; further also (Aeol.?) [[Ποτοιδαν]] (Pergam. Va). -- From it 1. [[Ποσειδώνιος]] (also as PN), <b class="b3">-δαώνιος</b>, <b class="b3">-δάνιος</b>, [[Ποτειδάνιος]] <b class="b2">consecrated to P.</b>, esp. <b class="b3">-ιον</b> n. <b class="b2">temple of P.</b> 2. [[Ποσιδήϊος]] (ep. Ion. beside Aeol. [[Ποσειδάων]], metr. condit.; Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 20), <b class="b3">-δεῖος</b>, <b class="b3">-δαῖος</b>, <b class="b3">-ιον</b> n. <b class="b2">id.</b>, Myc. [[Posidaijo]], with [[Ποσιδηϊών]], <b class="b3">-δεών</b> IA. Monthname. 3. [[Ποτείδαια]] f. name of a Corinth. colony on Chalkidike. 4. [[Ποτιδάϊχος]] Boeot. PN (Bechtel Dial. 1, 267).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: From [[ΠοτειδάϜων]] (like <b class="b3">Μαχά-ων</b>, <b class="b3">Ἀρετά-ων</b> a.o.; Schwyzer 521) arose through contraction <b class="b3">-δῶν</b>, <b class="b3">-δάν</b>; beside it <b class="b3">-δᾶς</b>; cf. <b class="b3">Ἐρμ-άων</b>, <b class="b3">-άν</b>, <b class="b3">-έας</b>, <b class="b3">-ῆς</b> (Kretschmer Glotta 9, 217). The adj. [[Ποσιδήϊος]] prob. rather after [[Όδυσήϊος]], [[Νηλήϊος]] a.o. than (with Schwyzer 271) from an unatt. <b class="b3">&#42;Ποσιδᾶς</b>. The assibilated forms must be generalized from <b class="b3">Ποσι-</b> beside older <b class="b3">Ποτει-</b>. -- God of the waters (rivers, sources, of the sea). The name is not certainly interpreted. Already by Fick Curt. Stud. 8, 307 explained as univerbation of a voc. <b class="b3">&#42;Πότει Δᾶς</b> <b class="b2">o Lord (spouse) of Da, i.e. the earth</b> (s. [[Δήμητηρ]]), an interpretation, which was accepted by Hoffmann and esp. by Kretschmer several times (e.g. Glotta 1, 27 f., 382f.; 13, 245; 22, 255, Wien. Stud. 24, 523ff.) argued and presented with consent of several scholars (Schulze, v. Wilamowitz [s. Schwyzer 271], Mayrhofer AnzAltWiss. 5 [1952] 59 ff., Schachermeyr Poseidon und die Entstehung des griech. Götterglaubens [Bern 1950] 13 ff., Schwyzer 446 a. 572). <b class="b3">Ποσι-</b> was then taken as a younger form of the voc., <b class="b3">Ποτοι-</b> sometimes (e.g. Schwyzer l.c.) explained as old ablaut-form (rejected by Kretschmer Glotta 1, 383). -- Rejection or doubt by Bechtel Dial. 1, 64f., Fraenkel Lexis 3, 50 ff., thus by several other scholars, who proposed instead other, certainly not better hypotheses: Ehrlich Betonung 81 ff. (to [[ποταμός]] and [[οἶδμα]]; by Kretschmer Glotta 6, 294 rejected); Heubeck IF 64, 225 ff. (to [[πόντος]] and [[δαῆναι]]); Carnoy Les ét. class. 22, 342 (2. member to Skt. <b class="b2">dā́nu-</b> [[drop]], [[dew]]). Older attempts w. rich lit. in Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 445 w. n. 2 a. 3. -- Ruijgh REG 80(1967)6-16 concludes that Pre-Greek origin remains a possibility, which seems to me the most probable conclusion. I would posit a form <b class="b2">&#42;patyaitun</b>, with a pronounced ([[o]]) after labial, with [[ai]] pronounded as ([[ei]]) as often, and with u = [[ω]]; but I found no confirmation of this reconstruction.