γλῶσσα: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Ion. [[γλάσσα]], <span class="bibl">Herod.3.84</span>, al., <span class="title">SIG</span>1002.7 (Milet.), <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 692 (Chios), Att. [[γλῶττα]], ης, ἡ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[tongue]], <span class="bibl">Od.3.332</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[γλῶσσα λάρυγγος]], = [[γλωττίς]], [[larynx]], <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">UP</span>7.13</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[tongue]], as the organ of speech, [[γλώσσης χάριν]] = [[through love of talking]], <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>709</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span> 266</span>; γλώσσῃ ματαίᾳ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pr.</span>331</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span>830</span>; γλώσσης ἀκρατής <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pr.</span>884</span> (lyr.); μεγάλης γ. κόμποι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>128</span>; [[γλώσσῃ δεινός]], [[θρασύς]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>806</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aj.</span>1142</span>; ἡ γ. ὀμώμοχ' ἡ δὲ φρὴν ἀνώμοτος <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>612</span>: with Preps., [[ἀπὸ γλώσσης]] = [[by frankness of speech]], <span class="bibl">Thgn.63</span>; φθέγγεσθαι <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>6.13</span> (but [[ἀπὸ γλώσσης ληίσσεται]] = [[steal through one's tongue]], [[plunder by means of one's tongue]], opp. [[χερσὶ βίῃ]] = [[violently and perforce]], of fraud opp. [[violence]], <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Op.</span>322</span>); also, [[by word of mouth]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.123</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.7.10</span>, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">An.</span>2.14.1</span>; τῷ νῷ θ' ὁμοίως κἀπὸ τῆς γ. λέγω <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>936</span>; [[τὰ γλώσσης ἄπο]], i.e. [[our words]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>1049</span>; [[ἀπὸ γλώσσης φράσω]] = [[speak by heart]], opp. [[γράμμασιν]], <span class="bibl">Cratin.122</span>; [[οὐκ ἀπὸ γλώσσης]] = [[not from mere word of mouth]], but after full argument, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>813</span>; [[μὴ διὰ γλώσσης]] = [[without using the tongue]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>112</span>; ἐν ὄμμασιν… δεδορκὼς κοὐ κατὰ γλῶσσαν κλύων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span> 747</span>:—phrases: [[πᾶσαν γλῶτταν βασάνιζε]] = [[try every art of tongue]], <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">V.</span>547</span>; [[πᾶσαν ἱέναι γλῶσσαν]] = [[let loose one's whole tongue]], [[speak without restraint]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>596</span>; πολλὴν γ. ἐγχέας μάτην <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>929</span>; [[κακὰ γλώσσης]]. [[slander]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.283</span>: pl., [[ἐν κερτομίοις γλώσσαις]], i.e. [[with blasphemies]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>962</span> (lyr.), cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aj.</span>199</span> (lyr.): [[βοῦς]], κ ῇς ἐπὶ γλώσσῃ, v. [[βοῦς]], [[κλείς]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> of persons, [[one who is all tongue]], [[speaker]], of Pericles, μεγίστη γ. τῶν Ἑλληνίδων <span class="bibl">Cratin.293</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>629</span> (s. [[varia lectio|v.l.]]). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[ἡ γλῶσσα τοῦ ταμιείου]] = the [[advocacy]] of the [[fiscus]], <span class="bibl">Philostr. <span class="title">VS</span>2.29</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[language]], ἄλλη δ' ἄλλων γ. μεμιγμένη <span class="bibl">Od.19.175</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.2.804</span>; [[γλῶσσαν ἱέναι]] = [[speak a language]] or [[speak a dialect]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.57</span>; γ. [[Ἑλληνίδα]], [[Δωρίδα]] [[ἱέναι]], <span class="bibl">Id.9.16</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.112</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>406</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ch.</span>564</span>; γλῶσσαν νομίζειν <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.142</span>, <span class="bibl">4.183</span>; γλώσσῃ χρῆσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.4.109</span>; κατὰ τὴν ἀρχαίαν γ. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1357b10</span>; [[dialect]], ἡ Ἀττικὴ γ. <span class="bibl">Demetr.<span class="title">Eloc.</span>177</span>; but also Δωρὶς διάλεκτος μία ὑφ' ἥν εἰσι γ. πολλαί Tryph. ap. Sch.D.T.<span class="bibl">p.320</span> H. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[obsolete]] or [[foreign]] [[word]], which needs [[explanation]], <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Rh.</span>1410b12</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Po.</span>1457b4</span>, Plu.2.406f: hence [[Γλῶσσαι]], title of works by Philemon and others. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[people]] speaking a [[distinct]] [[language]], LXX.<span class="title">Ju.</span>3.8 (pl.), interpol. in <span class="bibl">Scyl.15</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> anything shaped like the [[tongue]] (cf. γλῶσσαι ὡσεὶ πυρός <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>2.3</span>). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> in Music, [[reed]] or [[tongue]] of a [[pipe]], <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.229</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>565a24</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>4.11.4</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[tongue]] or [[thong]] of [[leather]], [[shoe]]-[[latchet]], <span class="bibl">Pl.Com.51</span>, <span class="bibl">Aeschin.Socr.57</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[tongue of land]], <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">Pun.</span>121</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">95</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[ingot]], γ. χρυσῆ <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Jo.</span>7.21</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> [[mark]]ing on the [[liver]], in [[divination]], Hsch. ([[γλῶσσα]] from γλωχ-yǎ, cf. [[γλώξ]], [[γλωχίς]]; [[γλάσσα]] from <b class="b3">*γλᾰχ</b>-yǎ, weak grade of same root.)</span>