ὄμνυμι: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=-μαι<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to swear, to affirm with an oath, to take a vow</b>(Il.);<br />Other forms: also <b class="b3">-ύω</b>, <b class="b3">-ύομαι</b>, aor. <b class="b3">ὀμό-σ(σ)αι</b>, <b class="b3">-σ(σ)ασθαι</b>, fut. [[ὀμοῦμαι]] (Il.), perf. <b class="b3">ὀμώμο-κα</b>, -(<b class="b3">σ)μαι</b>, aor. pass. <b class="b3">ὀμο(σ)θῆναι</b> (Att.).<br />Compounds: Very often with prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">ἀπ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπ-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπ-</b>.<br />Derivatives: [[ἀνώμοτος]] [[not put under oath]] and [[not confirmed by oath]] with adv. <b class="b3">-τί</b>, further <b class="b3">συνωμό-της</b> m. [[comrade in oath]] with <b class="b3">-σία</b> a.o. (IA.); <b class="b3">ὁρκωμό-της</b>, s. [[ὅρκος]].<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [778] <b class="b2">*h₃emh₃-</b> [[insist]], [[urge]]<br />Etymology: With <b class="b3">ὀμό-σαι</b> agrees in formation <b class="b3">ἀρό-σαι</b> [[plough]]; thus the disyllabic <b class="b3">ὀλέ-σαι στορέ-σαι</b> a.o. with different vowel; on <b class="b3">ὀμο-</b> rests the future <b class="b3">ὀμό[σ]-ομαι</b>, to which analogically [[ὀμεῖται]] was created for <b class="b3">*ὀμοῦται</b> (Schwyzer 784 n. 3; diff. Sánchez Ruipérez Emer. 18, 406 f.; see also Wackernagel Unt. 3f. and Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 62 a. 451). The present [[ὄμνυμι]] like [[ὄλλυμι]] etc. (Schwyzer 363); the perfect is clearly innovated. The further history of the word remains unclear, as there is no convincing etymology. -- Since Aufrecht RhM 40, 160 one connects generally [[ὄμνυμι]], [[ὀμόσαι]] with the Skt. disyllabic athem. root-present <b class="b2">ámī-ti</b> about [[press]], [[urge]] (after Neisser BB 30, 299ff., Renou JournAs. 1939, 183 f., Benveniste Revue de l'hist. des relig. 134, 81 ff. a.o. however [[seize with force]]), beside which sometimes [[assure urgently]] (also [[swear]]?) v. t. This interpretation is now generally accepted. S. Hiersche REGr. 71, 35 ff. and Hoffman, KZ 83(1969)193f. Cf. [[ὀμοίϊος]], [[ὀμοκλή]]; s. also on [[ὅρκος]].