λειμών: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=-ῶνος<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[moist]], [[grassy place]], [[humid meadow]] (Il.), metaph. of flowered surfaces and objects (Ach. Tat., Philostr.);<br />Compounds: Compp., e.g. [[βαθυλείμων]] (Pi.), <b class="b3">-λειμος</b> (Il., with transition in the <b class="b3">ο-</b>stems) [[with grassy meadows]]; <b class="b3">ἀ-λίμενος</b> [[without harbour]], [[refuge]] (Att.; Sommer Nominalkomp. 77 f.).<br />Derivatives: [[λειμώνιος]] [[belonging to the meadow]] (A., Arist.), f. <b class="b3">-ιάς</b> (S., A. R.), <b class="b3">-ίς</b> (D. P.), <b class="b3">-ιον</b> n. plantname, [[Statice limonium]] (Dsc., Plin.); <b class="b3">λειμων-ιάτης λίθος</b> name of a grass-green stone (Plin.). With suffix-change (after [[πῖδαξ]], [[βῶλαξ]] etc.) [[λεῖμαξ]], <b class="b3">-ακος</b> f. [[meadow]] (E. in lyr.), [[garden]] (Pherecr.) with <b class="b3">-ακώδης</b> [[meadowlike]], [[grassy]] (Hp.), <b class="b3">-ακίδες νύμφαι</b> (Orph. A. 646; uncertain; codd. [[λιμνακίδων]]). - With diff. ablaut: [[λιμήν]], <b class="b3">-ένος</b> m. [[harbour]], [[protected creek]], also metaph. [[refuge]] (Il.), <b class="b2">assembly-, marketplace</b> (Thess.; after H. also Cypr.; cf. Bechtel Dial. 1,450f.). Dimin. [[λιμένιον]] (Str.; NGr. [[λιμάνι]] from Osm. [[liman]]; Maidhof Glotta 10, 14); [[λιμένιος]] [[belonging to the harbour]] (Paus.), [[λιμενίτης]], f. <b class="b3">-ῖτις</b> [[inhabitant of a harbour]] (Corycos), of Priapos resp. Artemis as harbourgod(dess) (AP; Redard 23), <b class="b3">λιμεν-ητικὰ χρήματα</b> [[harbour-taxes]] (Cod. Just., with analog. <b class="b3">-ητικά</b>, if not itacistic fr <b class="b3">-ιτικά</b>), <b class="b3">λιμεν-ίζω</b> [[build a harbour]] (Polyaen.). - With enlargement after the <b class="b3">α-</b>stems and zero grade suffix (Schwyzer 524, Chantraine Form. 2 15): <b class="b3">λί-μν-η</b> f. [[standing water]], [[pond]], [[sea]], [[marsh]] (Il.), [[Λίμναι]] pl. place in Athens, in Sparta etc. (Att.); compp., e. g. <b class="b3">εὔ-λιμνος</b> [[with many seas]] (Arist.). Many derivv.: 1. diminut. [[λιμνίον]] n. (Arist.). 2. [[λιμναῖος]] <b class="b2">living in seas etc., belonging to the sea</b> (IA.); 3. [[λιμνάς]] f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Theoc., Paus.). 4. [[λιμνήτης]], <b class="b3">-τις</b> (<b class="b3">-ῖτις</b>) <b class="b2">id.</b> (Theoc., Paus., inscr.), [[λιμνιτικά]] n. pl. name of a tax (pap.). 5. [[λιμνώδης]] <b class="b2">sea-, marsh-like</b> (IA.). 6. plantname : <b class="b3">λιμν-ήσιον</b>, <b class="b3">-ησία</b>, <b class="b3">-ηστις</b>, <b class="b3">-ηστρον</b>, <b class="b3">-ηστρίς</b> (Dsc., Gal.). 7. Denomin. verbs: [[λιμνάζω]] <b class="b2">build a λ., stagnate, put under water</b> (Arist.) with [[λιμνασμός]] [[flood]], [[inundation]], <b class="b3">-αστής</b> <b class="b2">inund. surveyor</b>, <b class="b3">-αστεία</b> <b class="b2">inund. work</b> (pap.), <b class="b3">-ασία</b> [[marshy bottom]] (Arist.); [[λιμνόομαι]] <b class="b2">build a λ.</b> (Thphr., Str.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [662?] <b class="b2">*lei-</b> [not well mentioned in Pok.]<br />Etymology: The primary formations <b class="b3">λει-μών</b> and <b class="b3">λι-μήν</b> (with <b class="b3">λί-μν-η</b>), which show both in stem as in suffix old ablaut (Schwyzer 521 f., Chantraine Form. 170), are isolated in Greek and have outside Greek no counterpart; for the etymology we have only suppositions. Starting from the idea <b class="b2">moistness, standing water etc.</b> (thus Benveniste Origines 123) Bq with J. Schmidt Zur Gesch. d. idg. Vocalismus 2, 259 f. wants to connect Lat. [[līmus]] [[mud]], to which may belong, with anlaut. [[sl-]], the words mentioned under [[λείμαξ]]; also those unser [[λείβω]], e. g. OCS <b class="b2">lьjǫ</b> (with perhaps Lat. [[lītus]] "floodarea") might be considered. - Quite diff. WP. 1, 158 and Pok. 309: prop. *'low-lying, Einbuchtung' (cf. e. g. NHG [[Anger]] to <b class="b3">ἀγκ-</b> in <b class="b3">ἀγκ-ύλος</b> etc.) to Lat. [[līmus]] [[oblique]], [[līmen]] [[threshold]], withou [[m-]]suffix e. g. Latv. [[leja]] [[dale]], [[valley]].