μήτηρ: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Dor. [[μάτηρ]], ἡ: though parox. in nom., it follows [[πατήρ]] in the accent of the obliq. cases, gen. μητερος contr. [[μητρός]], dat. [[μητέρι]], [[μητρί]], both forms being found in Hom., but the longer forms rarely in Trag. exc. lyr., as <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ματέρος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>539</span>; ματέρι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1481</span>; [[μητέρος]] in iambics, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>843</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Or.</span>580</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Rh.</span>393</span>: acc. always [[μητέρα]], [[μητέρας]]: voc. [[μῆτερ]]:—[[mother]], <span class="bibl">Il.1.351</span>, etc.; of animals, [[dam]], <span class="bibl">17.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.10.414</span>; of a [[mother]]-[[bird]], <span class="bibl">Il.2.313</span>; of [[queen]] bees, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>553a29</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἀπὸ ματρὸς φίλας, ἐκ ματρός</b>, from one's [[mother's womb]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>5.114</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span> 422</span> (lyr.): in plural, [[mother]] and [[grandmother]], <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Agis</span>9</span>; as an address to elderly women, ὦ μῆτερ <span class="bibl">D.S.17.37</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Theoc.15.60</span>, etc.: in titles, [[μήτηρ πατρίδος]] = Mother of the Fatherland, [[Mater Patriae]], <span class="bibl">D.C.58.2</span>; [[μήτηρ τῶν ἀηττήτων στρατοπέδων]] = [[Mater invictorum castrorum]], of Julia Domna, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>362 xi 16</span> (iii A.D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of lands, <b class="b3">μήτηρ μήλων, μήτηρ θηρῶν</b>, [[mother]] of [[flock]]s, of [[game]], <span class="bibl">Il. 2.696</span>,<span class="bibl">8.47</span>, etc.; freq. of Earth, γῆ πάντων μήτηρ <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>563</span>; πὰρ μέσον ὀμφαλὸν εὐδένδροιο… ματέρος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.74</span>; γῆ μήτηρ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>16</span>, etc.; ὦ γαῖα μῆτερ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>601</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ Μήτηρ</b>, = [[Δημήτηρ]], τῇ Μητρὶ καὶ τῇ Κούρῃ ὁρτὴν ἄγουσι <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.65</span>; also of Rhea, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.78</span>; ὦ Πὰν... Ματρὸς μεγάλας ὀπαδέ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>95</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>1355</span> (lyr.); μήτηρ ὀρεία <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>746</span> (lyr.); Γαλλαὶ μητρὸς ὀρείης φιλόθυρσοι δρομάδες <span class="title">Lyr.Adesp.</span>121; M. θεῶν <span class="title">SIG</span>1044.8 (Halic., iv B.C.); as title of Isis, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>3p.2</span> (cf. p.xi) (iii B.C.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> freq. of one's native land, μᾶτερ ἐμά, Θήβα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>1.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">P.</span>8.98</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>416</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.25</span>; and so, like [[μητρόπολις]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>9.20</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.100</span>; ἡ Σκῦρος ἀνδρῶν ἀλκίμων μήτηρ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>326</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> poet., the [[origin]] or [[source]] of events, <b class="b3">μήτηρ ἀέθλων</b>, of [[Olympia]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>8.1</span>; πειθαρχία γὰρ τῆς εὐπραξίας μήτηρ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>225</span>; ἡ γνώμη κακῶν μήτηρ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1361</span>; of night, as the [[mother]] of [[day]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>265</span>; the grape of wine, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pers.</span>614</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Alc.</span>757</span>; ματέρ' οἰνάνθας ὀπώραν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>5.6</span>; [[Aphrodite]] of the Loves, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>122.4</span>; <b class="b3">φάτις ὦ μᾶτερ αἰσχύνας ἐμᾶς</b>, of a rumour, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>174</span> (lyr.): also in Prose, γεωργίαν τῶν ἄλλων τεχνῶν μητέρα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>5.17</span>; <b class="b3">πολιτειῶν μητέρες δύο</b> (sc. [[μοναρχία]] and [[δημοκρατία]]) <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>693d</span>. (Cf. Lat. [[mater]], OE. módor, etc.)</span>

|lstext='''μήτηρ''': Δωρ. [[μάτηρ]], ἡ· [[καίπερ]] παροξύτονον ἐν τῇ ὀνομαστ., ἐν ταῖς πλαγίαις πτώσεσι τονίζεται ὡς τὸ [[πατήρ]], - δηλ., γενικ. μητέρος συγκεκομμ. μητρός, δοτ. μητέρι μητρί, - ἀμφότεροι οἱ τύποι εὕρηνται παρ’ Ὁμ., ἀλλὰ οἱ ἀσυναίρετοι οὐχὶ παρ’ Ἀττ., εἰ μὴ ἐν λυρικοῖς χωρίοις τῶν Τραγ., ὡς ματέρος Αἰσχύλ. Ἱκέτ. 539· ματέρι Σοφ. Ο. Κ. 1481 μητέρος [[ἅπαξ]] ἐν ἰάμβ. Εὐριπ. Ρῆσ. 393· αἰτ. μητέρα, μητέρας, [[οὐδέποτε]] συγκόπτονται· κλητ. μῆτερ. (Πρβλ. [[μαῖα]]· Σανσκρ. mât-a· Λατ. mat-er· Ἀρχ. Σκανδιν. mod-ir· Ἀγγλο-Σαξον. mod-er· Ἀρχ. Γερμ. muot-ar (mutter, Ἀγγλ. mother)· Ἀρχ. Σλαυ. mat-i· Λιθ. mot-i· Κελτ. math-air· - ἡ [[ῥίζα]] φαίνεται ὅτι [[εἶναι]] τὸ Σανσκρ. mā (ποιῶ, [[κάμνω]]), M. Müller Sc. of Lang. 2. 212.) Ὡς καὶ νῦν, [[μήτηρ]], κοινῶς «μητέρα», Ὅμ., κτλ.· [[ὡσαύτως]] ἐπὶ ζῴων «[[μάννα]]», Ἰλ. Ρ. 4, Ὀδ. Κ. 414· ἐπὶ πτηνοῦ, Ἰλ. Β. 313· ἐπὶ μελισσῶν, Ἀριστ. π. τὰ Ζ. Ἱστ. 5. 21, 2, κτλ.· - ἀπὸ ἢ ἐκ μητρός, ἐκ κοιλίας μητρός, ἐκ γενετῆς, Πινδ. Π. 5. 153, Αἰσχύλ. Χο. 422· ἐν τῷ πληθ., ἡ [[μήτηρ]] καὶ ἡ [[μάμμη]], Πλουτ. Ἆγις 9· - ὡς [[τύπος]] προσφωνήσεως πρὸς πρεσβύτιδας, «μαννίτσα μου», «κυρὰ [[μάννα]]», ὦ μῆτερ Διόδ. 17. 37, κτλ. 2) [[ὡσαύτως]] ἐπὶ πόλεως ἢ χώρας, [[μήτηρ]] μήλων, θηρῶν, [[μήτηρ]] ποιμνίων, κυνηγίου, Ἴτωνά τε μητέρα μήλων Ἰλ. Β. 696., Θ. 47, κτλ.· - [[συχνάκις]] περὶ τῆς γῆς, γῆ πάντων μήτηρ Ἡσ. Ἔργ. κ. Ἡμ. 561· πὰρ [[μέσον]] ὀμφαλὸν εὐδένδροιο... ματέρος Πινδ. Π. 4. 133· γῆ [[μήτηρ]] Αἰσχύλ. Θήβ. 16, κτλ.· ὧ [[γαῖα]] μῆτερ Εὐρ. Ἱππ. 601· - [[ὡσαύτως]] μόνον ἡ Μήτηρ ἀντὶ τοῦ [[Δημήτηρ]], τῇ Μητρὶ καὶ τῇ Κούρῃ ὁρτὴν ἄ γουσι Ἡρόδ. 8. 65· ἀλλ’ [[ὡσαύτως]] ἐπὶ τῆς Ρέας, Πινδ. Π. 3. 138· ὦ Πάν..., Ματρὸς [[μεγάλης]] ὀπαδὲ ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Ἀποσπ. 63, πρβλ. Εὐρ. Ἑλ. 1355· οὕτω, μήτηρ ὀρεία Ἀριστοφ. Ὄρν. 746. 3) [[συχνάκις]] ἐπὶ τῆς πατρίδος ἢ τοῦ τόπου τῆς γεννήσεως, μᾶτερ ἐμά, Θήβα Πινδ. Ι. 1. 1, πρβλ. Π. 8. 140, Αἰσχύλ. Θήβ. 416, Ἰσοκρ. 45C· [[ἑπομένως]], συνώνυμ. τῷ [[μητρόπολις]], Πινδ. Ο. 9. 32, πρβλ. 6. 169· ἡ Σκῦρος ἀλκίμων ἀνδρῶν μήτηρ Σοφ. Φ. 326. II. ποιητ., ἡ ἀρχὴ ἢ [[πηγή]] τινος, μήτηρ ἀέθλων, ἡ [[Ὀλυμπία]], Πινδ. Ο. 8. 2· [[πειθαρχία]] γὰρ τῆς εὐπραξίας μήτηρ Αἰσχύλ. Θήβ. 225· ἡ γνώμη μήτηρ κακῶν Σοφ. Φ. 1361· [[οὕτως]] ἡ νὺξ [[εἶναι]] [[μήτηρ]] τῆς ἡμέρας, Αἰσχύλ. Ἀγ. 265· ἡ σταφυλὴ τοῦ οἴνου, ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Πέρσ. 614· τὸ [[θέρος]] τοῦ βλαστοῦ τῆς ἀμπέλου, Πινδ. Ν. 5. 11· ἡ [[Ἀφροδίτη]] τῶν ἐρώτων, ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Ἀποσπ. 87· ὦ μᾶτερ αἰσχύνας ἐμᾶς, ἐπὶ κακῆς φήμης, Σοφ. Αἴ. 174· πρβλ. [[μητρυιά]].

|elrutext='''μήτηρ:''' дор. [[μάτηρ]] (ᾱ), gen. μητρός, дор. [[ματρός]], поэт. μητέρος ἡ (dat. μητρί - эп. [[μητέρι]], acc. μητέρα, voc. μῆτερ; pl.: μητέρες, μητέρων, μητράσι(ν), μητέρας)<br /><b class="num">1)</b> [[мать]]: ἡ μήτηρ [[μεγάλη]] Pind. или σεμνή Soph. великая или почтенная мать, т. е. Рея или Кибела; ἡ Μ. Her. = [[Δημήτηρ]];<br /><b class="num">2)</b> перен. [[мать]], [[родительница]] (γῆ μήτηρ Aesch.; γῆ πάντων μήτηρ Hes.); родина (ἡ [[Σκῦρος]], ἀλκίμων [[ἀνδρῶν]] μήτηρ ἔφυ Soph.);<br /><b class="num">3)</b> перен. [[источник]], [[причина]] (τῆς εὐπραξίας Aesch.; κακῶν Soph.; αἰσχύνας ἐμᾶς Soph.).

|mdlsjtxt=<br /><b class="num">1.</b> a [[mother]], Hom., etc.; of animals, a dam, Hom.; ἀπό or ἐκ μητρός from one's [[mother]]'s [[womb]], Pind., Aesch.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> also of lands, [[μήτηρ]] μήλων, θηρῶν [[mother]] of flocks, of [[game]], Il.; of [[Earth]], γῆ πάντων μήτηρ Hes.; γῆ [[μήτηρ]] Aesch.; ὦ [[γαῖα]] μῆτερ Eur.:—also ἡ Μάτηρ [[alone]] for [[Δημήτηρ]], Hdt.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> of one's [[native]] [[land]], μᾶτερ ἐμά, Θήβα Pind., etc.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> poet. as the [[source]] of events, μήτηρ ἀέθλων, of [[Olympia]], Pind.; [[night]] is the [[mother]] of day, Aesch.; the [[grape]] of [[wine]], Aesch.