μήτηρ: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Dor. [[μάτηρ]], ἡ: though parox. in nom., it follows [[πατήρ]] in the accent of the obliq. cases, gen. μητερος contr. μητρός, dat. μητέρι]], μητρί, both forms being found in Hom., but the longer forms rarely in Trag. exc. lyr., as <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ματέρος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>539</span>; ματέρι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1481</span>; μητέρος in iambics, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>843</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Or.</span>580</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Rh.</span>393</span>: acc. always [[μητέρα]], [[μητέρας]]: voc. [[μῆτερ]]:—[[mother]], <span class="bibl">Il.1.351</span>, etc.; of animals, [[dam]], <span class="bibl">17.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.10.414</span>; of a [[mother]]-[[bird]], <span class="bibl">Il.2.313</span>; of [[queen]] bees, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>553a29</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἀπὸ ματρὸς φίλας, ἐκ ματρός</b>, from one's [[mother's womb]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>5.114</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span> 422</span> (lyr.): in plural, [[mother]] and [[grandmother]], <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Agis</span>9</span>; as an address to elderly women, ὦ μῆτερ <span class="bibl">D.S.17.37</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Theoc.15.60</span>, etc.: in titles, [[μήτηρ πατρίδος]] = [[mother]] of the [[fatherland]], Lat. [[mater patriae]], <span class="bibl">D.C.58.2</span>; [[μήτηρ τῶν ἀηττήτων στρατοπέδων]] = [[mother]] of the [[invincible]] [[camp]]s, Lat. [[mater invictorum castrorum]], of [[Julia Domna]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>362 xi 16</span> (iii A.D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of lands, <b class="b3">μήτηρ μήλων, μήτηρ θηρῶν</b>, [[mother]] of [[flock]]s, of [[game]], <span class="bibl">Il. 2.696</span>,<span class="bibl">8.47</span>, etc.; freq. of Earth, γῆ πάντων μήτηρ <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>563</span>; πὰρ μέσον ὀμφαλὸν εὐδένδροιο… ματέρος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.74</span>; γῆ μήτηρ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>16</span>, etc.; ὦ γαῖα μῆτερ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>601</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ Μήτηρ</b>, = [[Δημήτηρ]], τῇ Μητρὶ καὶ τῇ Κούρῃ ὁρτὴν ἄγουσι <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.65</span>; also of Rhea, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.78</span>; ὦ Πὰν... Ματρὸς μεγάλας ὀπαδέ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>95</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>1355</span> (lyr.); μήτηρ ὀρεία <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>746</span> (lyr.); Γαλλαὶ μητρὸς ὀρείης φιλόθυρσοι δρομάδες <span class="title">Lyr.Adesp.</span>121; M. θεῶν <span class="title">SIG</span>1044.8 (Halic., iv B.C.); as title of Isis, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>3p.2</span> (cf. p.xi) (iii B.C.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> freq. of one's native land, μᾶτερ ἐμά, Θήβα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>1.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">P.</span>8.98</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>416</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.25</span>; and so, like [[μητρόπολις]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>9.20</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.100</span>; ἡ Σκῦρος ἀνδρῶν ἀλκίμων μήτηρ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>326</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> poet., the [[origin]] or [[source]] of events, <b class="b3">μήτηρ ἀέθλων</b>, of [[Olympia]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>8.1</span>; πειθαρχία γὰρ τῆς εὐπραξίας μήτηρ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>225</span>; ἡ γνώμη κακῶν μήτηρ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1361</span>; of night, as the [[mother]] of [[day]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>265</span>; the grape of wine, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pers.</span>614</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Alc.</span>757</span>; ματέρ' οἰνάνθας ὀπώραν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>5.6</span>; [[Aphrodite]] of the Loves, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>122.4</span>; <b class="b3">φάτις ὦ μᾶτερ αἰσχύνας ἐμᾶς</b>, of a rumour, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>174</span> (lyr.): also in Prose, γεωργίαν τῶν ἄλλων τεχνῶν μητέρα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>5.17</span>; <b class="b3">πολιτειῶν μητέρες δύο</b> (sc. [[μοναρχία]] and [[δημοκρατία]]) <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>693d</span>. (Cf. Lat. [[mater]], OE. módor, etc.)</span>