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ἀπειλέω: Difference between revisions

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|Definition=(A), Elean [[ἀποϝηλέω]],<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[keep away]], ἀπὸ τῶ βωμῶ GDI1159, cf. 1150; ἀπὸ μαντείας 1154:—Pass., ἐς ἀπορίην [[ἀπειληθείς]] or ἐς ἀπορίην [[ἀπειλημένος]] = [[bring|brought]] into [[great]] [[strait]]s, Hdt.1.24, 2.141; ἐς ἀναγκαίην ἀπειλημένος Id.8.109; ἀπειληθέντες ἐς στεινόν [[forced]] into narrow compass, Id.9.34.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[unroll]], [[roll off]], Hero Aut.5.5.<br />(B), 3dual impf. Act. [[ἀπειλήτην]], Ep. for [[ἠπειλείτην]], Od. 11.313: later Ep. pres. ἀπειλείω Musae.122, Nonn.D.20.204:—<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[hold out]] either in the way of [[promise]] or [[threat]], and therefore:<br><span class="bld">I</span> sometimes in good sense, [[promise]], οὐδ' ἠπείλησεν ἄνακτι . . ῥέξειν κλειτὴν ἑκατόμβην Il.23.863, cf. 872; also, [[boast]] or [[brag]], ὥς ποτ' ἀπειλήσει .1; ἦ μὲν ἀπείλησας βητάρμονας εἶναι ἀρίστους Od.8.383, cf. Jul.Or.2.57a.<br><span class="bld">II</span> commonly in bad sense, [[threaten]], in Hom. either abs., as Il.2.665, Od.21.368: or (more freq.) c. dat. pers., ib.20.272, etc.: c.acc. cogn., αἶψα δ' ἀναστὰς ἠπείλησεν μῦθον spake a [[threatening]] [[speech]], Il.1.388; ἀπειλὰς ἀπειλέω, v. [[ἀπειλή]]; δείν' ἀπειλήσων ἔπη E. Supp.542: freq. with neut. Pron. or Adj., ἀπειλέω τόγε θυμῷ Il.15.212; ταῦτα, πολλὰ ἀπειλέω, Hdt.7.18, 1.111, Th.8.33, etc.; πύργοις ἀπειλέω δεινά A. Th.426; τοῦτ' ἀπειλήσας ἔχεις S.OC817.<br><span class="bld">2</span> with acc. of the thing threatened, θάνατον ἀπειλέω ὃς ἂν . . Hdt.4.81; ξίφος Plu.Pomp.47; ζημίας ἀπειλέω κατά τινος Id.Cam.39; ἠπείλησαν τοὺς ἄρχοντας [[threaten]]ed them with the [[prefect]]s, Lib.Or.47.7.<br><span class="bld">3</span> dependent clauses were added in fut. inf., [[γέρας]] . . ἀφαιρήσεσθαι ἀπειλεῖς Il.1.161, cf. 15.179, Od.11.313; σφέας . . ἀπείλεε ἐκτρίψειν Hdt.6.37; ἀπειλέω δράσειν τι E.Med. 287; ἀπειλέω ἀποκτενεῖν Lys.3.28: rarely in pres. inf., ἠπ. . . ἑλκέμεν Il. 9.682: after Hom. in aor. inf., X.Mem.3.5.4, HG5.4.7, Theoc.24.16.<br><span class="bld">4</span> ἀπειλέω ὅτι... ὡς .., Ar.Pl.88, X.An.5.5.22, etc.; ἀπειλέω τινί, εἰ μή . . Id.Cyr.4.5.12.<br><span class="bld">III</span> Pass., [[ἀπειλοῦμαι]], of persons, to [[be terrified by threats]], Id.Smp.4.31.<br><span class="bld">2</span> of things, τὰ ἀπειληθέντα, = [[ἀπειλαί]], Pl.Lg.823c.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> later in Med., with aor. 1 -ησάμην App.BC3.29, Polyaen.7.35.2: c. inf., [[forbid with threats]], ἀπειλησώμεθα αὐτοῖς μηκέτι λαλεῖν Act.Ap.4.17.
|Definition=(A), Elean [[ἀποϝηλέω]],<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[keep away]], ἀπὸ τῶ βωμῶ GDI1159, cf. 1150; ἀπὸ μαντείας 1154:—Pass., ἐς ἀπορίην [[ἀπειληθείς]] or ἐς ἀπορίην [[ἀπειλημένος]] = [[bring|brought]] into [[great]] [[strait]]s, Hdt.1.24, 2.141; ἐς ἀναγκαίην ἀπειλημένος Id.8.109; ἀπειληθέντες ἐς στεινόν [[forced]] into narrow compass, Id.9.34.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[unroll]], [[roll off]], Hero Aut.5.5.<br />(B), 3dual impf. Act. [[ἀπειλήτην]], Ep. for [[ἠπειλείτην]], Od. 11.313: later Ep. pres. ἀπειλείω Musae.122, Nonn.D.20.204:—<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[hold out]] either in the way of [[promise]] or [[threat]], and therefore:<br><span class="bld">I</span> sometimes in good sense, [[promise]], οὐδ' ἠπείλησεν ἄνακτι . . ῥέξειν κλειτὴν ἑκατόμβην Il.23.863, cf. 872; also, [[boast]] or [[brag]], ὥς ποτ' ἀπειλήσει .1; ἦ μὲν ἀπείλησας βητάρμονας εἶναι ἀρίστους Od.8.383, cf. Jul.Or.2.57a.<br><span class="bld">II</span> commonly in bad sense, [[threaten]], in Hom. either abs., as Il.2.665, Od.21.368: or (more freq.) c. dat. pers., ib.20.272, etc.: c.acc. cogn., αἶψα δ' ἀναστὰς ἠπείλησεν μῦθον spake a [[threatening]] [[speech]], Il.1.388; ἀπειλὰς ἀπειλέω, v. [[ἀπειλή]]; δείν' ἀπειλήσων ἔπη E. Supp.542: freq. with neut. Pron. or Adj., ἀπειλέω τόγε θυμῷ Il.15.212; ταῦτα, πολλὰ ἀπειλέω, Hdt.7.18, 1.111, Th.8.33, etc.; πύργοις ἀπειλέω δεινά A. Th.426; τοῦτ' ἀπειλήσας ἔχεις S.OC817.<br><span class="bld">2</span> with acc. of the thing threatened, θάνατον ἀπειλέω ὃς ἂν . . Hdt.4.81; ξίφος Plu.Pomp.47; ζημίας ἀπειλέω κατά τινος Id.Cam.39; ἠπείλησαν τοὺς ἄρχοντας [[threaten]]ed them with the [[prefect]]s, Lib.Or.47.7.<br><span class="bld">3</span> dependent clauses were added in fut. inf., [[γέρας]] . . ἀφαιρήσεσθαι ἀπειλεῖς Il.1.161, cf. 15.179, Od.11.313; σφέας . . ἀπείλεε ἐκτρίψειν Hdt.6.37; ἀπειλέω δράσειν τι E.Med. 287; ἀπειλέω ἀποκτενεῖν Lys.3.28: rarely in pres. inf., ἠπ. . . ἑλκέμεν Il. 9.682: after Hom. in aor. inf., X.Mem.3.5.4, HG5.4.7, Theoc.24.16.<br><span class="bld">4</span> ἀπειλέω ὅτι... ὡς .., Ar.Pl.88, X.An.5.5.22, etc.; ἀπειλέω τινί, εἰ μή . . Id.Cyr.4.5.12.<br><span class="bld">III</span> Pass., [[ἀπειλοῦμαι]], of persons, to [[be terrified by threats]], Id.Smp.4.31.<br><span class="bld">2</span> of things, τὰ ἀπειληθέντα, = [[ἀπειλαί]], Pl.Lg.823c.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> later in Med., with aor. 1 -ησάμην App.BC3.29, Polyaen.7.35.2: c. inf., [[forbid with threats]], ἀπειλησώμεθα αὐτοῖς μηκέτι λαλεῖν Act.Ap.4.17.
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{{DGE
|dgtxt=<b class="num">• Alolema(s):</b> el. ἀποϝɛ̄λέω <i>IO</i> 10; tard. ἀπειλείω Musae.122, Nonn.<i>D</i>.20.204<br /><b class="num">• Prosodia:</b> [ᾰ-]<br /><b class="num">• Morfología:</b> [impf. ἀπειλήτην <i>Od</i>.11.313, aor. ἠπείλησεν <i>Il</i>.9.683]<br /><b class="num">A</b> en sent. físico<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[empujar]], [[llevar]] ἀπὸ τῶ βωμῶ ἀποϝɛ̄λέοιαν <i>IO</i> 10, cf. 13, ἀποϝɛ̄λέοι κ' ἀπὸ μαντείας <i>IO</i> 4.7<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. pas. ἐς ἀπορίην Hdt.1.24, 2.141, ἐς ἀναγκαίην Hdt.8.109, ἐς στεινόν Hdt.9.34.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[desenrollar]] αὕτη ἀπειλουμένη ἀπὸ τῆς ἐξελίκτρας Hero <i>Aut</i>.5.5.<br /><b class="num">B</b> en sent. fig.<br /><b class="num">I</b> en cont. no peyor.<br /><b class="num">1</b> c. inf. de fut. (cf. tb. II 3) [[prometer]] c. dat. ἠπείλησεν ἄνακτι ... ῥέξειν κλειτὴν ἑκατόμβην <i>Il</i>.23.863, 872, πολλὰ δ' ἀπείλει [ἐς Πυθὼ πέ] μψειν Call.<i>Fr</i>.18.6.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[jactarse]] βητάρμονας εἶναι ἀρίστους <i>Od</i>.8.383, cf. <i>Il</i>.13.143<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. Τυδεΐδης ὑπ' [[ἐμεῖο]] φοβεύμενος ἵκετο νῆας, ὥς ποτ' ἀπειλήσει <i>Il</i>.8.150.<br /><b class="num">II</b> en cont. peyor.<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[amenazar]] c. dat. τοι <i>Il</i>.1.181, ἧμιν <i>Od</i>.20.272, τῷ Θηραμένει Th.8.92, τοῖς στρατηγοῖς <i>POxy</i>.2182.5, 19 (II d.C.), αὐτῇ Ar.<i>Nu</i>.617, cf. Isoc.5.53, 10.26, Ar.<i>Au</i>.308<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. ac. int. de palabras [[pronunciar palabras amenazadoras]], [[lanzar amenazas]] ἀπειλαὶ ... τὰς Τρωσὶν ἀπείλεον <i>Il</i>.13.220, cf. 16.201, μῦθον <i>Il</i>.1.388, ἔπη E.<i>Supp</i>.542, πύργοις δ' ἀ. δείν' A.<i>Th</i>.426, πόλλ' ἀπειλήσας Hdt.1.111, ταῦτα Hdt.7.18, τοῦτ' S.<i>OC</i> 817, δεινότατα ... ἐπῶν Ar.<i>Lys</i>.339, οὐκ ἀτέλεστον ἀπειλήσας Call.<i>Del</i>.87<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. med. mismo sent. en aor. ἀπειλησαμένου δὲ [[αὐτοῦ]] τῷ Καίσαρι App.<i>BC</i> 3.29.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[amenazar con]] c. ac. int. no de palabras θάνατον Hdt.4.81, cf. Polyaen.7.35.2, ξίφη Plu.<i>Pomp</i>.47, ζημίας ... κατὰ τοῦ μὴ ὑπακούσαντος Plu.<i>Cam</i>.39, ἠπείλησαν τοὺς ἄρχοντας amenazaron con los prefectos</i> Lib.<i>Or</i>.47.7<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. dat. instrum. τισιν νόμοις Pl.<i>Lg</i>.783d, γόμφοισιν Tim.15.68<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. [[amenazar]], <i>Il</i>.2.665, Th.8.84, Isoc.15.121<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. pas. τῶν ἀπειληθέντων las (leyes) acompañadas de sanciones</i> Pl.<i>Lg</i>.823c.<br /><b class="num">3</b> c. inf. esp. de fut. y a veces tb. dat. [[amenazar con]] μοι [[γέρας]] ... ἀφαιρήσεσθαι ἀπειλεῖς <i>Il</i>.1.161, cf. 15.179, <i>Od</i>.11.313, σφέας ... ἐκτρίψειν Hdt.6.37, τῷ ... ἀλαπαξέμεν Call.<i>Dian</i>.251, δράσειν τι E.<i>Med</i>.287, αὐτῷ ἀποκτενεῖν Lys.3.28, cf. Iul.<i>Or</i>.3.57a<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. inf. de pres. ἑλκέμεν <i>Il</i>.9.682, c. inf. de aor., X.<i>HG</i> 5.4.7, <i>Mem</i>.3.5.4<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. ὡς, ὅτι: μὴ ἀ. τοῖς Χίοις ... μὴ ἐπιβοηθήσειν Th.8.33, cf. Ar.<i>Pl</i>.88, X.<i>An</i>.5.5.22, τῷ πεμπομένῳ, εἰ μὴ ... X.<i>Cyr</i>.4.5.12, <i>An</i>.5.5.22<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. c. inf. [[ordenar con amenazas]] φαγεῖν [[βρέφος]] Theoc.24.16, cf. A.R.3.607<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. med. [[prohibir con amenazas]] ἀπειλησώμεθα αὐτοῖς μηκέτι λαλεῖν <i>Act.Ap</i>.4.17.<br /><b class="num">III</b> en v. med. [[atemorizarse por amenazas]], [[amedrentarse]] οὐκέτι δὲ ἀπειλοῦμαι X.<i>Smp</i>.4.31.<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> Es probablemente en todas sus acepciones un compuesto de ἀπό y [[εἰλέω]] q.u. En ese caso [[ἀπειλή]] sería un derivado postverbal. Recientemente se ha sugerido un emparentamiento con toc. <i>kälts</i> ‘[[amenazar]]’.
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{{Autenrieth
{{Autenrieth
|auten=fut. -ήσω, ipf. du. [[ἀπειλήτην]]: [[threaten]], [[menace]]; τινί, [[regularly]] foll. by fut. inf.; [[γέρας]] αὐτὸς ἀφαιρήσεσθαι ἀπειλεῖς, Il. 1.161; freq. w. [[cognate]] acc., ἀπειλάς, Il. 16.201; μῦθον, Il. 1.388; [[less]] [[specifically]], ‘[[boast]],’ Il. 8.150 (foll. by [[εἶναι]]), Od. 8.383; ‘[[vow]],’ ‘[[promise]],’ Il. 23.863, 872.
|auten=fut. -ήσω, ipf. du. [[ἀπειλήτην]]: [[threaten]], [[menace]]; τινί, [[regularly]] foll. by fut. inf.; [[γέρας]] αὐτὸς ἀφαιρήσεσθαι ἀπειλεῖς, Il. 1.161; freq. w. [[cognate]] acc., ἀπειλάς, Il. 16.201; μῦθον, Il. 1.388; [[less]] [[specifically]], ‘[[boast]],’ Il. 8.150 (foll. by [[εἶναι]]), Od. 8.383; ‘[[vow]],’ ‘[[promise]],’ Il. 23.863, 872.
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{{DGE
|dgtxt=<b class="num">• Alolema(s):</b> el. ἀποϝɛ̄λέω <i>IO</i> 10; tard. ἀπειλείω Musae.122, Nonn.<i>D</i>.20.204<br /><b class="num">• Prosodia:</b> [ᾰ-]<br /><b class="num">• Morfología:</b> [impf. ἀπειλήτην <i>Od</i>.11.313, aor. ἠπείλησεν <i>Il</i>.9.683]<br /><b class="num">A</b> en sent. físico<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[empujar]], [[llevar]] ἀπὸ τῶ βωμῶ ἀποϝɛ̄λέοιαν <i>IO</i> 10, cf. 13, ἀποϝɛ̄λέοι κ' ἀπὸ μαντείας <i>IO</i> 4.7<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. pas. ἐς ἀπορίην Hdt.1.24, 2.141, ἐς ἀναγκαίην Hdt.8.109, ἐς στεινόν Hdt.9.34.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[desenrollar]] αὕτη ἀπειλουμένη ἀπὸ τῆς ἐξελίκτρας Hero <i>Aut</i>.5.5.<br /><b class="num">B</b> en sent. fig.<br /><b class="num">I</b> en cont. no peyor.<br /><b class="num">1</b> c. inf. de fut. (cf. tb. II 3) [[prometer]] c. dat. ἠπείλησεν ἄνακτι ... ῥέξειν κλειτὴν ἑκατόμβην <i>Il</i>.23.863, 872, πολλὰ δ' ἀπείλει [ἐς Πυθὼ πέ] μψειν Call.<i>Fr</i>.18.6.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[jactarse]] βητάρμονας εἶναι ἀρίστους <i>Od</i>.8.383, cf. <i>Il</i>.13.143<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. Τυδεΐδης ὑπ' [[ἐμεῖο]] φοβεύμενος ἵκετο νῆας, ὥς ποτ' ἀπειλήσει <i>Il</i>.8.150.<br /><b class="num">II</b> en cont. peyor.<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[amenazar]] c. dat. τοι <i>Il</i>.1.181, ἧμιν <i>Od</i>.20.272, τῷ Θηραμένει Th.8.92, τοῖς στρατηγοῖς <i>POxy</i>.2182.5, 19 (II d.C.), αὐτῇ Ar.<i>Nu</i>.617, cf. Isoc.5.53, 10.26, Ar.<i>Au</i>.308<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. ac. int. de palabras [[pronunciar palabras amenazadoras]], [[lanzar amenazas]] ἀπειλαὶ ... τὰς Τρωσὶν ἀπείλεον <i>Il</i>.13.220, cf. 16.201, μῦθον <i>Il</i>.1.388, ἔπη E.<i>Supp</i>.542, πύργοις δ' ἀ. δείν' A.<i>Th</i>.426, πόλλ' ἀπειλήσας Hdt.1.111, ταῦτα Hdt.7.18, τοῦτ' S.<i>OC</i> 817, δεινότατα ... ἐπῶν Ar.<i>Lys</i>.339, οὐκ ἀτέλεστον ἀπειλήσας Call.<i>Del</i>.87<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. med. mismo sent. en aor. ἀπειλησαμένου δὲ [[αὐτοῦ]] τῷ Καίσαρι App.<i>BC</i> 3.29.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[amenazar con]] c. ac. int. no de palabras θάνατον Hdt.4.81, cf. Polyaen.7.35.2, ξίφη Plu.<i>Pomp</i>.47, ζημίας ... κατὰ τοῦ μὴ ὑπακούσαντος Plu.<i>Cam</i>.39, ἠπείλησαν τοὺς ἄρχοντας amenazaron con los prefectos</i> Lib.<i>Or</i>.47.7<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. dat. instrum. τισιν νόμοις Pl.<i>Lg</i>.783d, γόμφοισιν Tim.15.68<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. [[amenazar]], <i>Il</i>.2.665, Th.8.84, Isoc.15.121<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. pas. τῶν ἀπειληθέντων las (leyes) acompañadas de sanciones</i> Pl.<i>Lg</i>.823c.<br /><b class="num">3</b> c. inf. esp. de fut. y a veces tb. dat. [[amenazar con]] μοι [[γέρας]] ... ἀφαιρήσεσθαι ἀπειλεῖς <i>Il</i>.1.161, cf. 15.179, <i>Od</i>.11.313, σφέας ... ἐκτρίψειν Hdt.6.37, τῷ ... ἀλαπαξέμεν Call.<i>Dian</i>.251, δράσειν τι E.<i>Med</i>.287, αὐτῷ ἀποκτενεῖν Lys.3.28, cf. Iul.<i>Or</i>.3.57a<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. inf. de pres. ἑλκέμεν <i>Il</i>.9.682, c. inf. de aor., X.<i>HG</i> 5.4.7, <i>Mem</i>.3.5.4<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. ὡς, ὅτι: μὴ ἀ. τοῖς Χίοις ... μὴ ἐπιβοηθήσειν Th.8.33, cf. Ar.<i>Pl</i>.88, X.<i>An</i>.5.5.22, τῷ πεμπομένῳ, εἰ μὴ ... X.<i>Cyr</i>.4.5.12, <i>An</i>.5.5.22<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. c. inf. [[ordenar con amenazas]] φαγεῖν [[βρέφος]] Theoc.24.16, cf. A.R.3.607<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. med. [[prohibir con amenazas]] ἀπειλησώμεθα αὐτοῖς μηκέτι λαλεῖν <i>Act.Ap</i>.4.17.<br /><b class="num">III</b> en v. med. [[atemorizarse por amenazas]], [[amedrentarse]] οὐκέτι δὲ ἀπειλοῦμαι X.<i>Smp</i>.4.31.<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> Es probablemente en todas sus acepciones un compuesto de ἀπό y [[εἰλέω]] q.u. En ese caso [[ἀπειλή]] sería un derivado postverbal. Recientemente se ha sugerido un emparentamiento con toc. <i>kälts</i> ‘[[amenazar]]’.
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{{StrongGR
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