πρότερος: Difference between revisions

|mdlsjtxt=[[πρότερος]] and [[πρῶτος]] comp. and Sup. formed from πρό]<br />as Lat. [[prior]], [[primus]], from [[prae]].<br />A. comp. [[πρότερος]], η, ον<br /><b class="num">I.</b> of [[place]], [[before]], in [[front]], [[forward]], Il.; πόδες πρ. the [[fore]] feet, Od.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> of [[time]], [[before]], [[former]], [[sooner]], Hom., etc.; οἱ πρότεροι men of [[former]] times, Il.; [[πρότερος]] γενεῇ Il.; but, πρ. παῖδες children by the [[first]] or a [[former]] [[marriage]], Od.; τῇ προτέρῃ (sc. ἡμέρᾳ) on the day [[before]], Lat. [[pridie]], Od.; ὁ [[πρότερος]] [[Διονύσιος]] [[Dionysius]] the [[elder]], Xen.:—the adj. is often used [[where]] we use the adv., ὅ με [[πρότερος]] κάκ' ἔοργεν Il., etc.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> as a [[regular]] comp., c. gen., Il., Hdt., etc.; also foll. by ἤ, τῷ προτέρῳ ἔτεϊ ἢ κρητῆρα [ἐληίσαντο] Hdt.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> of Rank, Worth, and [[generally]] of Precedence, [[before]], [[above]], [[superior]], Dem.; πρ. τινος πρός τι [[superior]] to him in a [[thing]], Plat.<br /><b class="num">IV.</b> [[after]] Hom., neut. [[πρότερον]] as adv. [[before]], [[sooner]], earlier, Hdt., etc.; [[ὀλίγον]] πρ. Plat.:—c. gen., ὀλίγῳ τι πρ. τούτων Hdt., etc.; [[most]] [[commonly]] foll. by ἤ, Hdt., [[attic]]; also by [[πρίν]], πρὶν ἄν, πρὶν ἤ, Hdt., [[attic]]; also used with the Art., τὸ πρ. τῶν [[ἀνδρῶν]] τούτων Hdt.: adv. often [[between]] Art. and Subst., e. g. ὁ [[πρότερον]] [[βασιλεύς]] Hdt.<br />B. Sup. [[πρῶτος]], η, ον, contr. from *πρόατος, doric [[πρᾶτος]],<br /><b class="num">I.</b> adj. [[first]], serving as the ordinal to the [[cardinal]] εἷς, Hom.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> of [[place]], [[first]], [[foremost]], ἐνὶ πρώτοισι or μετὰ πρώτοισι [[alone]], Il.; ἐν πρώτῳ ῥυμῷ at the [[front]] or end of the [[pole]], Il.; πρώτῃσι θύρῃσι at the [[first]] or [[outermost]] doors, Il.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> of [[time]], πρὸς πρώτην ἕω at [[first]] [[dawn]], Soph.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> of Order, πρῶτοι πάντων ἀνθρώπων Hdt.; τῇ πρώτῃ τῶν ἡμερῶν Hdt.:— ἐν πρώτοις, [[among]] the [[first]], then like Lat. [[imprimis]], [[above]] all, [[especially]], [[greatly]], Hdt.; in [[attic]], ἐν τοῖς πρῶτοι (v. τό A. IV. 7):—in [[late]] Greek it is [[even]] foll. by a gen., πρῶτός μου NTest.<br /><b class="num">5.</b> of Rank, μετὰ πρώτοισιν [[among]] the [[first]] men of the [[state]], Od., etc.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> neut. pl. [[πρῶτα]], ων, τά,<br /><b class="num">1.</b> (sc. ἆθλἀ, the [[first]] [[prize]], Il., Soph.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> the [[first]] [[part]], [[beginning]], τῆς Ἰλιάδος τὰ πρ. Plat., etc.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> the [[first]], [[highest]], in [[degree]], τὰ πρ. τᾶς λιμῶ (doric) the extremities of [[famine]], Ar.; ἐς τὰ [[πρῶτα]] τιμᾶσθαι Thuc.:—of persons, ἐὼν τῶν Ἐρετριέων τὰ [[πρῶτα]] Hdt.; τὰ [[πρῶτα]] τῆς [[ἐκεῖ]] μοχθηρίας the [[chief]] of the [[rascality]] down [[there]], Ar.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> as adv.,<br /><b class="num">1.</b> τὴν πρώτην (sc. ὥραν, ὁδόν) [[first]], at [[present]], [[just]] now, Hdt., etc.; so, τὴν πρώτην [[εἶναι]], like ἑκὼν [[εἶναι]], at [[first]], Hdt.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> with Preps., ἀπὸ πρώτης (sc. ἀρχῆσ), Thuc.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> [[most]] [[commonly]] in neut. sg. and pl., πρῶτον, [[πρῶτα]],<br />a. [[first]], in the [[first]] [[place]], Lat. [[primum]], Hom., etc.<br />b. = [[πρότερον]], [[before]], Xen., Anth.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> [[first]], for the [[first]] [[time]], Soph., etc.; [[ἐπεὶ]] πρῶτον, Lat. [[quum]] [[primum]], as [[soon]] as, Hom.; so, [[ὁππότε]] κε πρῶτον Od.; ὅτε or [[ὅταν]] πρ. Dem.; ἐὰν or ἢν πρ. Plat.<br /><b class="num">IV.</b> adv. [[πρώτως]], Arist., etc.