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φείδομαι: Difference between revisions

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|Transliteration C=feidomai
|Transliteration C=feidomai
|Beta Code=fei/domai
|Beta Code=fei/domai
|Definition=<span class="bibl">Anacr.101</span>, etc.: impf. [[φείδοντο]] (without augm.) even in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>716</span> after a diphth. at the end of the preceding line: fut. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> φείσομαι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>312</span> (troch.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>31a</span>, etc., Ep. πεφῐδήσομαι <span class="bibl">Il.15.215</span>, later fut. Pass. in med. sense <b class="b3">φ&lt;ε&gt;ισθήσομαι</b> <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PUniv.Giss.</span>21.6</span> (ii A.D.): aor. 1 ἐφεισάμην <span class="bibl">Sol.32.1</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>412</span>, <span class="bibl">And.2.11</span>, etc., Ep.3sg. φείσατο <span class="bibl">Il.24.236</span>: Ep. redupl. aor. 2 [[πεφῐδόμην]], used by Hom. in opt. [[πεφῐδοίμην]], [[πεφίδοιτο]], <span class="bibl">Od.9.277</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.20.464</span>, inf. πεφιδέσθαι <span class="bibl">21.101</span>: pf. part. πεφεισμένος <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Hist.Conscr.</span>59</span> (in med. sense, <span class="bibl">D.C. 50.20</span>); Ep. imper. πεφίδησο <span class="title">IG</span>14.1363.16; part. πεφιδημένος <span class="bibl">Nonn. <span class="title">D.</span>12.392</span>:—[[spare]]: </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> [[spare]] persons and things, e.g. in war, i.e. [[not destroy]] them, c. gen., Τρώων <span class="bibl">Il.21.101</span>; ἀνδρός <span class="bibl">24.158</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.9.277</span>, <span class="bibl">22.54</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>31a</span>; Ἰλίου <span class="bibl">Il.15.215</span>; Ἄρης οὐκ ἀγαθῶν φ. Anacr. l. c.; ἀπ' ἀνδρῶν ὧν Ἄρης ἐφείσατο <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>412</span>; γῆς πατρίδος Sol. [[l.c.]]; <b class="b3">μὴ φείσῃ βίου</b> [[spare]] not my life, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>749</span>; μὴ φείδεσθε . . στρατοῦ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span> 844</span>; φ. μήτε ἰδίου μήτε δημοσίου οἰκοδομήματος <span class="bibl">Th.1.90</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.74</span>: abs., [[spare]], [[be merciful]], ib.<span class="bibl">59</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[spare]] persons and things in using them, [[use sparingly]], <b class="b3">ἵππων φειδόμενος</b>, i. e. [[taking care]] of them, <span class="bibl">Il.5.202</span>; πίθου μεσσόθι φ. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>369</span>; <b class="b3">φ. ὃν εἶχε βίον</b> ([[βίον]] by attraction to the relat.) <span class="bibl">Thgn.908</span>; ἰδίᾳ μὲν τῶν &lt;ὄντων&gt; φείδομαι δημοσίᾳ δὲ λῃτουργῶν ἥδομαι <span class="bibl">Lys.21.16</span>; φείδεσθε τοὐλαίου σφόδρα Pl. Com.190: in this sense, most freq. with a negat., <b class="b3">οὐ φ</b>. not [[to spare]], i. e. [[to use]] or [[give freely]], οὐδέ νυ τοῦ περ [δέπαος] φείσατο <span class="bibl">Il.24.236</span>; μὴ φείδεο σίτου <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>604</span>; θνῄσκωμεν ψυχέων μηκέτι φειδόμενοι <span class="bibl">Tyrt.10.14</span>; τᾶς ζωᾶς <span class="bibl">Id.15.5</span>; σφετέρας οὐ φείσατο νευρᾶς <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>6(5).33</span>; φείδεο τῶν νεῶν, μηδὲ ναυμαχίην ποιέο <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.68</span>. ά; τούτων φ. μηδενός <span class="bibl">Id.9.41</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">39</span>; φείδοντο κέντρων οὐδέν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>716</span>; οὐδὲν φ. αὐτῶν οὔτ' ἐν πόνοις κτλ. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.2.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.1.29</span>; οὔτε τοῦ σώματος οὔτε τῶν ὄντων <span class="bibl">And.2.11</span>; οὐδενὸς ἂν ἐφείσατο τῶν ἑαυτοῦ <span class="bibl">Lys.19.24</span>; οὔθ' ἱερῶν κτεάνων οὔτε τι δημοσίων φ. <span class="bibl">Sol.4.13</span>; μήτε χρημάτων μήτε πόνων <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>78a</span>: later also c. acc., <b class="b3">τῶν συμμάχων</b> and <b class="b3">τὰ τῶν συμμάχων</b> both in <span class="bibl">D.C.50.20</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> abs., to [[be sparing]], [[live thriftily]], φείδεσθαι μὲν ἄμεινον <span class="bibl">Thgn.931</span>; τοὺς φειδομένους καὶ τοὺς ἀκριβῶς διαιτῶντας <span class="bibl">And.4.32</span>; οἱ γεωργοῦντες καὶ φ. <span class="bibl">D.24.172</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Antipho Soph.53</span>; freq. in part. <b class="b3">φειδόμενος, η, ον,</b> [[thrifty]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>247</span>,<span class="bibl">553</span> (anap.), etc.; <b class="b3">ὄμμασι φειδομένοις</b> with [[shrinking]], [[shy]] eyes, <span class="title">AP</span>12.21 (Strat.), cf. <span class="bibl">5.215</span> (Agath.), <span class="bibl">268</span> (Id.); <b class="b3">αἱ μὴ φ</b>. (''[[sc.]]'' [[μέλισσαι]]) the un[[thrifty]] ones, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>627a20</span>: also ἔπαινοι πάνυ πεφεισμένοι <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Hist.Conscr.</span>59</span>; πεφιδημένα δάκτυλα <span class="bibl">Nonn.<span class="title">D.</span>12.392</span>; cf. [[πεφεισμένως]], [[φειδομένως]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[have consideration for]], τῆς τοῦ λόγου συμμετρίας Plu.2.114b: with neg., [[pay]] no [[heed to]], οὔτ' ἀνθρώπων φείδεται οὔτε θεῶν <span class="title">AP</span>5.278 (Paul.Sil.), cf. <span class="bibl">7.706</span> (Diog.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> [[draw back from]], [[refrain from]], θαλάσσας Alc.<span class="title">Supp.</span>4.13 (prob.); κελεύθου <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>9.20</span>; κινδύνου <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.5.18</span>; τᾶς θήρας <span class="bibl">Bion<span class="title">Fr.</span>10.12</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦ λέγειν, τοῦ ἀκολουθεῖν</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.6.19</span> ([[varia lectio|v.l.]]), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HG</span>7.1.24</span>; φείδου μηδὲν ὧνπερ ἐννοεῖς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>115</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>401</span>, etc.; οὐδενὸς φεισάμενος οὔτε τῶν πρὸς τοὺς θεοὺς οὔτε τῶν πρὸς τοὺς πολίτας δικαίων <span class="title">SIG</span>708.36 (Istropolis, ii B.C.): (abs., μὴ φείδεσθε <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Tr.</span>1285</span>; φείδου μηδέν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hec.</span>1044</span>; μὴ φείδου, εἴ τι ἔχεις διδάσκειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.6.35</span>): c. inf., [[spare]] to do, [[forbear]] from doing, dub. in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>393</span> (fort. abs., post <b class="b3">φείδου δ'</b> distinguendum); also φ. μή τι δρᾶσαι τῶν τυραννικῶν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>574b</span>; τί φειδόμεσθα τῶν λίθων . . μὴ οὐ καταξαίνειν τὸν ἄνδρα; <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>319</span> (troch.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> in LXX, with Preps., φ. ἐπί τινι [[have mercy upon]]... Je. 15.5, 21.7; ἐπί τινα Id.28(51).3; <b class="b3">φ. περί τινος</b> [[to keep one's hands off]]... <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ki.</span>12.6</span> (but <b class="b3">φ. περὶ κακώσεως</b> [[spare]] to hurt, ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Si.</span>13.12</span>); φ. ὑπὲρ τῆς κολοκύνθης <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Jn.</span>4.10</span>; ἀπό τινος <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ki.</span>15.3</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ez.</span> 24.21</span>; <b class="b3">φ. τι ἀπό τινος</b> [[keep]] it [[off]], [[Jb]].<span class="bibl">30.10</span>; <b class="b3">φ. τῆς ψυχῆς ἀπὸ θανάτου</b> ib.<span class="bibl">33.18</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ps.</span>18(19).14</span>; [[φειδεύμενοι]] (from contr. φειδέομαι) is cj. for [[φιλεύμεναι]] in <span class="bibl">Eus.Mynd.17</span>.</span>
|Definition=Anacr.101, etc.: impf. φείδοντο (without augm.) even in S.''El.''716 after a diphth. at the end of the preceding line: fut.<br><span class="bld">A</span> φείσομαι Ar.''Ach.''312 (troch.), Pl.''Ap.''31a, etc., Ep. πεφῐδήσομαι Il.15.215, later fut. Pass. in med. sense φεισθήσομαι, φισθήσομαι ''PUniv.Giss.''21.6 (ii A.D.): aor. 1 ἐφεισάμην Sol.32.1, A.''Th.''412, And.2.11, etc., Ep.3sg. φείσατο Il.24.236: Ep. redupl. aor. 2 πεφῐδόμην, used by Hom. in opt. πεφῐδοίμην, πεφίδοιτο, Od.9.277, Il.20.464, inf. [[πεφιδέσθαι]] 21.101: pf. part. πεφεισμένος Luc.''Hist.Conscr.''59 (in med. sense, D.C. 50.20); Ep. imper. πεφίδησο ''IG''14.1363.16; part. πεφιδημένος Nonn. ''D.''12.392:—[[spare]]:<br><span class="bld">I</span> [[spare]] persons and things, e.g. in war, i.e. [[not destroy]] them, c. gen., Τρώων Il.21.101; ἀνδρός 24.158, cf. Od.9.277, 22.54, Pl.''Ap.''31a; Ἰλίου Il.15.215; Ἄρης οὐκ ἀγαθῶν φ. Anacr. l. c.; ἀπ' ἀνδρῶν ὧν Ἄρης ἐφείσατο A.''Th.''412; γῆς πατρίδος Sol. [[l.c.]]; [[μὴ φείσῃ βίου]] = [[spare not my life]], S.''Ph.''749; μὴ φείδεσθε . . στρατοῦ Id.''Aj.'' 844; φ. μήτε ἰδίου μήτε δημοσίου οἰκοδομήματος Th.1.90, cf. 3.74: abs., [[spare]], [[be merciful]], ib.59.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[spare]] persons and things in using them, [[use sparingly]], <b class="b3">ἵππων φειδόμενος</b>, i. e. [[taking care]] of them, Il.5.202; πίθου μεσσόθι φ. Hes.''Op.''369; <b class="b3">φ. ὃν εἶχε βίον</b> ([[βίον]] by attraction to the relat.) Thgn.908; ἰδίᾳ μὲν τῶν &lt;ὄντων&gt; φείδομαι δημοσίᾳ δὲ λῃτουργῶν ἥδομαι Lys.21.16; φείδεσθε τοὐλαίου σφόδρα Pl. Com.190: in this sense, most freq. with a negat., [[οὐ φείδεσθε]] = [[not to spare]], i. e. to [[use freely]] or [[give freely]], οὐδέ νυ τοῦ περ [δέπαος] φείσατο Il.24.236; μὴ φείδεο σίτου Hes.''Op.''604; θνῄσκωμεν ψυχέων μηκέτι φειδόμενοι Tyrt.10.14; τᾶς ζωᾶς Id.15.5; σφετέρας οὐ φείσατο νευρᾶς Pi.''I.''6(5).33; φείδεο τῶν νεῶν, μηδὲ ναυμαχίην ποιέο Hdt.8.68. ά; τούτων φ. μηδενός Id.9.41, cf. 39; φείδοντο κέντρων οὐδέν S.''El.''716; οὐδὲν φ. αὐτῶν οὔτ' ἐν πόνοις κτλ. X.''Cyr.''4.2.1, cf. 7.1.29; οὔτε τοῦ σώματος οὔτε τῶν ὄντων And.2.11; οὐδενὸς ἂν ἐφείσατο τῶν ἑαυτοῦ Lys.19.24; οὔθ' ἱερῶν κτεάνων οὔτε τι δημοσίων φ. Sol.4.13; μήτε χρημάτων μήτε πόνων Pl.''Phd.''78a: later also c. acc., <b class="b3">τῶν συμμάχων</b> and <b class="b3">τὰ τῶν συμμάχων</b> both in D.C.50.20.<br><span class="bld">2</span> abs., to [[be sparing]], [[live thriftily]], φείδεσθαι μὲν ἄμεινον Thgn.931; τοὺς φειδομένους καὶ τοὺς ἀκριβῶς διαιτῶντας And.4.32; οἱ γεωργοῦντες καὶ φ. D.24.172, cf. Antipho Soph.53; freq. in part. [[φειδόμενος]], η, ον, [[thrifty]], Ar.''Pl.''247,553 (anap.), etc.; <b class="b3">ὄμμασι φειδομένοις</b> with [[shrinking]], [[shy]] [[eye]]s, ''AP''12.21 (Strat.), cf. 5.215 (Agath.), 268 (Id.); <b class="b3">αἱ μὴ φ</b>. (''[[sc.]]'' [[μέλισσαι]]) the [[unthrifty]] ones, Arist.''HA''627a20: also ἔπαινοι πάνυ πεφεισμένοι Luc.''Hist.Conscr.''59; πεφιδημένα δάκτυλα Nonn.''D.''12.392; cf. [[πεφεισμένως]], [[φειδομένως]].<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[have consideration for]], τῆς τοῦ λόγου συμμετρίας Plu.2.114b: with neg., [[pay]] no [[heed to]], οὔτ' ἀνθρώπων φείδεται οὔτε θεῶν ''AP''5.278 (Paul.Sil.), cf. 7.706 (Diog.).<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[draw back from]], [[refrain from]], θαλάσσας Alc.''Supp.''4.13 (prob.); κελεύθου Pi.''N.''9.20; κινδύνου X.''Cyr.''5.5.18; τᾶς θήρας Bion''Fr.''10.12; <b class="b3">φείδομαι τοῦ λέγειν, φείδομαι τοῦ ἀκολουθεῖν</b>, X.''Cyr.''1.6.19 ([[varia lectio|v.l.]]), ''HG''7.1.24; φείδου μηδὲν ὧνπερ ἐννοεῖς S.''Aj.''115, cf. E.''Med.''401, etc.; οὐδενὸς φεισάμενος οὔτε τῶν πρὸς τοὺς θεοὺς οὔτε τῶν πρὸς τοὺς πολίτας δικαίων ''SIG''708.36 (Istropolis, ii B.C.): (abs., μὴ φείδεσθε E.''Tr.''1285; φείδου μηδέν Id.''Hec.''1044; μὴ φείδου, εἴ τι ἔχεις [[διδάσκειν]] X.''Cyr.''1.6.35): c. inf., [[spare]] to do, [[forbear]] from doing, dub. in E.''Or.''393 (fort. abs., post <b class="b3">φείδου δ'</b> distinguendum); also φείδου μή τι δρᾶσαι τῶν τυραννικῶν Pl.''R.''574b; τί φειδόμεσθα τῶν λίθων . . μὴ οὐ καταξαίνειν τὸν ἄνδρα; Ar.''Ach.''319 (troch.).<br><span class="bld">V</span> in LXX, with Preps., φείδομαι ἐπί τινι [[have mercy upon]]... Je. 15.5, 21.7; φείδομαι ἐπί τινα Id.28(51).3; <b class="b3">φείδομαι περί τινος</b> to [[keep one's hands off]]... ''2 Ki.''12.6 (but <b class="b3">φείδομαι περὶ κακώσεως</b> [[spare]] to [[hurt]], ib.''Si.''13.12); φείδομαι ὑπὲρ τῆς κολοκύνθης ''Jn.''4.10; φείδομαι ἀπό τινος ''1 Ki.''15.3, ''Ez.'' 24.21; <b class="b3">φείδομαι τι ἀπό τινος</b> [[keep]] it [[off]], Jb.30.10; <b class="b3">φείδομαι τῆς ψυχῆς ἀπὸ θανάτου</b> ib.33.18, cf. ''Ps.''18(19).14; [[φειδεύμενοι]] (from contr. [[φειδέομαι]]) is cj. for [[φιλεύμεναι]] in Eus.Mynd.17.
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