κατάρχω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[make beginning of]] a thing, c.gen., <b class="b3">τίνες κατῆρξαν… μάχης</b>; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>351</span>; <b class="b3">ὁδοῦ κατάρχειν</b> [[lead]] the way, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1019</span>; δεινοῦ λόγου <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>1135</span>; λόγων Χρησίμων <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>638</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>351e</span>, etc.; τραυμάτων Ascl.<span class="title">Tact.</span>7.1; <b class="b3">τὸ κατάρχον αἰσθήσεως, τῆς κινήσεως</b>, the [[source]] of perception, of motion, Gal. 5.588: rarely c. acc., [[begin]] a thing, θαυμαστόν τινα λόγον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthd.</span> 283b</span>: c. part., [[begin]] doing, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.4.4</span>, <span class="bibl">4.5.58</span>: abs., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>177e</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mu.</span>399a15</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">θανόντα δεσπόταν γόοις κατάρξω</b> I [[will lead]] the dirge over... <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>1199</span> (lyr., with reference to the religious sense, infr. <span class="bibl">11.2</span>). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> Med., [[begin]], like Act., c. gen., ἐχθρᾶς ἡμέρας κατάρχεται <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>540</span>; τοῖς κατηργμένοις τῆς πορείας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>256d</span>; κ. τῆς προσβολῆς <span class="bibl">Plb.2.67.1</span>; τοῦ λόγου Plu.2.151e: c. acc., <b class="b3">κ. νόμον, στεναγμόν</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>685</span> ([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]]), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Or.</span>960</span> (both lyr.): abs., [[κατάρχεται]] [[μέλος]] [[is beginning]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HF</span>750</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">891</span> (lyr.); τὸ -άρξασθαι <span class="bibl">Ael. <span class="title">Tact.</span>17</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> in religious sense, [[begin the sacrificial ceremonies]], once in Hom., Νέστωρ Χέρνιβά τ' οὐλοχύτας τε κατήρχετο Nestor <b class="b2">began [the sacrifice</b>] [[with]] the washing of hands and sprinkling the barley on the victim's head, <span class="bibl">Od.3.445</span>: abs., <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.60</span>, <span class="bibl">103</span>, <span class="bibl">And.1.126</span>; <b class="b3">κατάρχομαι μέν, σφάγια δ' ἄλλοισιν μέλει</b> I [[begin the rite]], but leave the slaughter of the victim to others, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>40</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ τῶν θυσιῶν κριθαῖς κ</b>. <span class="bibl">D.H.2.25</span>: c. gen., <b class="b3">κατάρχεσθαι τοῦ τράγου</b> [[make a beginning of]] the victim, i. e. [[consecrate]] him [[for sacrifice]] by cutting off the hair of his forehead, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>959</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπεὶ δὲ αὐτοῦ</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[Ἡρακλέος]]) πρὸς τῷ βωμῷ κατάρχοντο <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.45</span>; <b class="b3">πῶς δ' αὖ κατάρξῃ θυμάτων</b>; <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>573</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">IT</span>56</span>, <span class="bibl">1154</span>; κατάρξασθαι τῶν ἱερῶν <span class="bibl">D.21.114</span>: metaph., σκυτάλην λαβών μου κατήρξατο <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Somn.</span>3</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Caes.</span>66</span>:—so later in Act., <span class="bibl">Hld.2.34</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[sacrifice]], [[slay]], <b class="b3">ξίφει, φασγάνῳ κ</b>., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>74</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span>1222</span> (lyr.):— Pass., [[ᾗ]] (''[[sc.]]'' <b class="b3">τῇ θεᾷ</b>) <b class="b3"> σὸν κατῆρκται σῶμα</b> [[hath been devoted]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Heracl.</span> 601</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> Act., [[rule]], [[govern]], c. gen., <span class="bibl">Alciphr.3.44</span> ([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]]). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b3">κατάρξω ὑμᾶς ἐν σκορπίοις</b> [[will chastise]] you... <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">3 Ki.</span>12.24r</span>.</span>

|elnltext=κατ-άρχω indic. imperf. 3 plur. ook κατάρχοντο act. beginnen met, met gen.:; μάχης de strijd Aeschl. Pers. 351; κ. ὁδοῦ de weg wijzen Soph. OC 1019; σὺ γὰρ καὶ κατάρχεις τοῦ λόγου want jij bent toch ook de initiator van het debat Plat. Prot. 351e; κατῆρξε μὲν τούτου Κῦρος Cyrus is hiermee begonnen Xen. Cyr. 8.2.7; zelden met acc.; met toespeling op 2:; θανόντα δεσπόταν γόοις... κατάρξω ik zal het rouwritueel om mijn gestorven heerser met jammerklachten beginnen Eur. Andr. 1199; met nom. en ptc. beginnen, de eerste zijn:; κατῆρχεν... ἀναπηδῶν hij was de eerste die zijn paard besteeg Xen. Cyr. 1.4.4; τύχῃ ἀγαθῇ καταρχέτω laat hij onder goed gesternte beginnen Plat. Smp. 177e; ook med. een begin maken met, met gen.:; ἐχθρᾶς θ’ ἡμέρας κατάρχεται het (mindere) is het begin van een dag van vijandschap Eur. Phoen. 540; τοῖς κατηργμένοις τῆς πορείας voor degenen die de tocht begonnen zijn Plat. Phaedr. 256d; met acc.: κ. νόμον een melodie beginnen Eur. Hec. 685; κατάρχεται μέλος het lied begint Eur. HF 750. med., spec. ritueel beginnen met de offerceremonie, met acc.:; Νέστωρ χέρνιβά τ’ οὐλοχύτας τε κατήρχετο Nestor begon de plechtigheid met handwassing en het strooien van gerstekorrels Od. 3.445; met gen.:; κ. θυμάτων beginnen met de offers Eur. Phoen. 573; τῶν ἱερών met de riten Dem. 21.114; wijden van het offerdier:; ἤδη τῶν ξένων κατήρξατο; heeft zij de vreemdelingen al ritueel gewijd? Eur. IT 1154; μὴ κατάρξῃ τοῦ τράγου wijd de bok niet ten offer Aristoph. Av. 959; abs.:; οὐ καταρξάμενος zonder voorbereidende riten Hdt. 4.60.2; κατάρχομαι μέν, σφάγια δ’ ἄλλοισιν μέλει ik begin de riten, maar het slachten is een taak voor anderen Eur. IT 40; overdr.. σκυτάλην... λαβών... μου κατήρξατο hij nam een stok en wijdde mij in Luc. 32.3.