μάχομαι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ᾰ], Ion. pres. opt.<br><span class="bld">A</span> μαχέοιτο Il.1.272, [[μαχέοιντο]] ib.344 ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[μαχέονται]]); part. [[μαχεόμενος]] [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.104 (elsewhere [[μαχόμενος]], 9.75,al.); Ep. [[μαχειόμενος]] Od.17.471, [[μαχεούμενος]] II.403, 24.113: Ep.impf. μαχέσκετο Il.7.140: fut. μαχήσομαι 23.621, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.209; [[μαχέσομαι]], [[διαμαχεσόμεθα]] (as v.l.) Id.9.48; also in late Prose, J.''AJ'' 11.8.3, Plu.2.215f; [[μαχοῦμαι]] S.''OC''837, Ar.''Pl.''1076, etc., [[μαχεῖται]] even in Il.20.26, but μαχέονται 2.366; Ep. [[μαχέσσομαι]] [[varia lectio|v.l.]] for [[μαχήσομαι]] 1.298: aor. ἐμαχεσάμην [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.18, etc.; opt. μαχέσαιο Il.6.329; inf. μαχέσασθαι 17.178, also [[μαχέσσασθαι]] 15.633; opt. μαχεσσαίμεσθα Theoc.22.74; part. μαχεσσαμένω Il.1.304; later μαχήσασθαι Paus.1.27.1, ([[ἀνα]]-) D.S.19.93: pf. μεμάχημαι Th.7.43, Lys.7.41, Isoc.6.54: late aor. ἐμαχέσθην Plu.2.970f, Paus.5.4.9: fut. μαχεσθήσομαι only Sch.rec.A.''Th.''672:—[[fight]], Hom., etc.; ὑσμῖνι μ. Il.2.863; [[πολεμίζειν]] ἠδὲ μ. ib.452, etc.; μάχην μ. X.''Ages.''5.5: in Hom. mostly of armies and persons fighting as parts of armies, but sometimes of single combat, Il.3.91,433, 7.51, ''III'',279, Od.18.31,39; between men and beasts, Il.15.633, Od.20.15; between beasts, Il.16.824:—Constr.: c. dat. pers., [[fight with]], i.e. [[fight against]], one, ἀνδράσιν ἶφι μ. Il.1.151, cf. S.''Ph.'' 1253, etc.; [[μάχομαι ἀντία]], [[μάχομαι ἐναντίον]] τινός, Il.20.88,97; ἐπί τινι 5.124, etc.; πρός τινα 17.471, but [[πρὸς δαίμονα]] = [[against heaven's will]], ib.98 (in Att. Prose, mostly c. dat. or πρός, μ. τοῖς πολεμίοις D.4.47; πρὸς ἀλλήλους Isoc.4.116); μάχομαι σὺν [[σοί]],… [[θεά]], [[with thy help]], Od.13.390; [[μετὰ πρώτοισι μάχομαι]] = [[among the foremost]], Il.5.575; [[μετὰ Βοιωτῶν μάχομαι]] = with them, in their ranks, 13.700; πρός τινας μετ' ἀλλήλων Isoc. 10.53, cf. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Symposium|Smp.]]'' 179a; [[κατὰ σφέας γὰρ μαχέονται]] = [[will fight by themselves]], Il.2.366 (but [[κατ' ἕνα μάχομαι]] = [[fight in single combat]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] 7.104); [[μάχομαι πρό τινος]] = [[fight before him]]: hence, metaph., [[fight before for him]], [[fight in his defence]], Il.4.156, 8.56, X.''HG''5.4.33, etc.; ὑπὲρ τοῦ νόμου Heraclit. 44; πάτρας ὕπερ E.''Ph.''1002; Ἕλλησιν ὑπὲρ Ἑλλήνων Pl.''Mx.''239b; περὶ δαιτί Od.2.245; but later usually [[περί]] [[τινος]], A.''Supp.''740, Cratin. 163, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.95; ἀμφί τινι Il.3.70,91; ἀμφὶ νέκυι 16.565; εἵνεκά τινος 2.377: c. dat. instrum., [[τόξοισι]] μάχομαι, [[πελέκεσσι]] μάχομαι, 7.140, 15.711 ([[χερσὶ μαχέσσασθαι]], of [[boxer]]s, Od.18.39); [[μάχομαι ἀπ' ἵππου]] = [[fight from horseback]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]9.63; [[τὸ μήπω μεμαχημένον]] = [[the force that had not yet come into action]], Th.7.43.<br><span class="bld">2</span> c. acc., [[fight against]], only [[falsa lectio|f.l.]] in Philostr.''Im.'' 2.23.<br><span class="bld">II</span> generally, [[quarrel]], [[wrangle]], ἔριδι μάχομαι Il.1.8; [[μάχομαι ἐπέεσσιν]] ib.304, etc.; τινι 5.875, 13.118; [[τῷ παιδὶ μάχεσθαι]] = [[make a scene with his lackey]]... [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[Characters|Char.]]''23.8; [[dispute]], [[argue]], περί τι μάχομαι [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 342d, etc.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[contend for the mastery]] in games, etc., πὺξ μ. Il.23.621; [[measure oneself with]] or [[measure oneself against]], τινι 1.272; παγκράτιον μ. Ar.''V.''1190, 1195; μ. Ὀλυμπιάδα Philostr.''Gym.''21.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> after Hom., [[struggle against]] a force, ἀνάγκᾳ δ' οὐδὲ θεοὶ μ. Simon.5.21; ὄμβρῳ Alc.''Supp.''26.4; πρὸς ἡνίας μ. A.''Pr.''1010; πρὸς [[ἐπιθυμία]]ς ἢ ἡδονάς Pl.''La.''191e; [[μάχομαι τῷ λιμῷ]], [[μάχομαι τῷ δίψει]], [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''3.1.5.<br><span class="bld">V</span> c. inf., [[struggle]], [[make an effort]] to do, Arist.''HA''552a23.<br><span class="bld">VI</span> of arguments, propositions, etc., to [[be in contradiction]] or [[be inconsistent]], τρία ὁμολογήματα μ. αὐτὰ αὑτοῖς Pl.''Tht.'' 155b, cf. Plb.16.28.4; μαχόμενα Phld.''Mus.''p.95 K., S.E.''P.''1.198, al.