χρῆμα: Difference between revisions

|Definition=-ατος, τό: ([[χράομαι]]):—<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[need]], in the phrase [[παρὰ χρῆμα]] or [[παραχρῆμα]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]); a [[thing]] that one [[need]]s or [[use]]s, cf. X.''Oec.''1.9 sq. (pl.): hence in plural, [[goods]], [[property]] (χρήματα λέγομεν πάντα ὅσων ἡ ἀξία νομίσματι μετρεῖται [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Nicomachean Ethics|EN]]''1119b26), Od.2.78, 203, al. (never in Il.), Hes.''Op.''320, 407, etc.; of [[temple]]-[[treasure]]s, [[heirloom]]s, etc., ''Mnemos.'' 57.208 (Argos, vi B. C.); τὰ ἱρὰ χρήματα τῆς Ἀθηναίης [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.28, cf. 9.81; θησαυρούς.. ἄλλα τε χρύσεα ἄφατα χρήματα Id.7.190; πολλῶν χ. ἐξαίρετον ἄνθος A.''Ag.''954; πειρῶ τὸν πλοῦτον χρήματακαὶ κτήματα κατασκευάζειν· ἔστι δὲ χ. μὲν τοῖς ἀπολαύειν ἐπισταμένοις, κ. δὲ τοῖς κτᾶσθαι δυναμένοις Isoc.1.28; τοῖς σκεύεσι καὶ τοῖς χρήμασιν ἀποθήκη Th.6.97; [[πρόβατα]] καὶ ἄλλα χρήματα X.''An.''5.2.4; <b class="b3">τὰ ἀνδράποδα.. καὶ χρήματα τὰ πλεῖστα ἀπέδρα αὐτούς</b> ib.7.8.12: [[proverb|prov.]], <b class="b3">χρήματα ψυχὴ πέλεται.. βροτοῖσι</b> a man's [[money]] is his [[life]], Hes.''Op.''686; [[χρήματ' ἄνηρ]] = '[[money makes the man]]', Alc.49, Pi.''I.''2.11; ἐν χρήμασιν οἰκεῖ πατρώοις A.''Eu.''757, cf. ''Ch.''135; also χρημάτων πένητες E.''El.''37; τὰ χρήματ' [[ἐνεχυράζομαι]] Ar.''Nu.''241; χρήματα πορίζειν Id.''Ec.''236; ἄτιμοι ἦσαν τὰ σώματα, τὰ δὲ χ. εἶχον And.1.74; χρημάτων ἥσσων Democr.50; χρημάτων κρείσσων Th.2.60; <b class="b3">χρήμασι νικώμενος</b> ibid.; <b class="b3">χρημάτων ἀδωρότατος</b> ib. 65; ἐλπίδα χρήμασιν ὠνητήν Id.3.40; μήτε χρημάτων φειδομένους μήτε πόνων [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]''78a; ζημιοῦσθαι χρήμασιν Id.''Lg.''721b; even of debts, διαλῦσαι τὰ χρήματα D.20.12; δεθέντ' ἐπὶ χρήμασιν ἐν τῷ δεσμωτηρίῳ Id.24.168.—Acc. to Poll.9.87 the Ion. used also the sg. in this sense, and so we find, <b class="b3">ἐπὶ κόσῳ ἂν χρήματι</b>..; for how much [[money]].. ? Answ. <b class="b3">ἐπ' οὐδενί</b>, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.38; [[ταύτην]] (''[[sc.]]'' <b class="b3">τὴν χλανίδα</b>) <b class="b3">πωλέω μὲν οὐδενὸς χ. δίδωμι δὲ ἄλλως</b> ib.139; also in Thgn.197, <b class="b3">χ. δ' ὃ μὲν Διόθεν καὶ σὺν δίκῃ ἀνδρὶ γένηται</b>; in Att., <b class="b3">οὐδενὸς ἂν χ. δεξάμενοι</b> at no [[price]], And.2.4; and in later Prose, [[fund]], [[sum]] of [[money]], Arch. f. Religionswiss.10.211 (Cos, ii B. C.); τὸ πλῆθος τοῦ χ. D.S.13.106, cf. ''Act.Ap.''4.37, Luc.''VH''1.20; χρήματα [[merchandise]], Heraclit. 90, X.''HG''1.6.37, Th.3.74; [[property]], [[substance]], Berl.Sitzb.1927.161 (Cyrene).<br><span class="bld">II</span> generally, [[thing]], [[matter]], [[affair]], especially in Ep. and Ion., ''h.Merc.''332, Hes.''Op.''344,402; χρημάτων ἄελπτον οὐδέν Archil. 74; πάντων χ. δικαιότατον Mimn.8; πρῶτον χρημάτων πάντων [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.145; <b class="b3">ἀντὶ πάντων χ.</b> on every [[account]], And.2.21; <b class="b3">δεινότατον ἁπάντων χρημάτων</b> ib.''1''; <b class="b3">πᾶν χ. ἐκίνεε</b> 'left no stone unturned', [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.96; <b class="b3">τεκμαίρει χρῆμ' ἕκαστον</b> 'deeds show the man', Pi.''O.''6.74; πάντων χ. μέτρον ἄνθρωπος Protag.1; <b class="b3">περαίνεται τὸ χρῆμα</b> the [[issue]] is being decided, Plu.''Caes.''47: pl., simply, [[things]], ὁμοῦ πάντα χ. ἦν Anaxag.1, cf. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Cratylus|Cra.]]''440a, ''Euthd.''294d, Plot.4.2.1.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[χρῆμα]] is freq. expressed where it might be omitted, δεινὸν χ. ἐποιεῦντο [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]8.16; <b class="b3">οἷόν τι χ. ποιήσειε</b> ib.138; <b class="b3">ἐς ἀφανὲς χ. ἀποστέλλειν ἀποικίην</b> to send out a colony without any certain [[destination]], Id.4.150; freq. in Trag., <b class="b3">τί χρῆμα</b>; = τί; [[what]]? τί χ. λεύσσω; A.''Pr.''300, ''Ch.''10; or [[why]]? E.''Alc.''512; so in gen., <b class="b3">τοῦ χ.</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[ἕνεκα]]); Ar.''Nu.''1223; τί χρῆμα δρᾷς; [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''288, cf. ''Ph.''1231; τί χρῆμα πάσχει; E. ''Hipp.''909; [[τί δ' ἐστὶ χρῆμα]]; what is the [[matter]]? A.''Ch.''885; πικρόν τί μοι δοκεῖ χ. εἶναι Pl.''Grg.''485b; ἡδύ Id.''Tht.''209e, al.; <b class="b3">μάλιστα χρημάτων</b> most of [[anything]], i.e. [[certainly]], Anon.''Oxy.''1611.68 (iii A. D.); cf. [[χρέος]] II.2.<br><span class="bld">3</span> used in periphrases to express something strange or extraordinary of its kind, <b class="b3">ὑὸς χ. μέγα</b> a huge [[monster]] of a boar, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.36; ἦν τοῦ χειμῶνος χ. ἀφόρητον Id.7.188; <b class="b3">τὸ χρῆμα τῶν νυκτῶν ὅσον</b> what a [[business]] the nights are! Ar.''Nu.''2; <b class="b3">λιπαρὸν τὸ χρῆμα τῆς πόλεως</b> what a grand city! Id.''Av.''826, cf. ''Lys.''83; <b class="b3">κλέπτον τὸ χρῆμα τἀνδρός</b> a thievish [[sort]] of fellow, Id.''V.''933; τὸ χρῆμα τοῦ νοσήματος Id.''Lys.''1085; <b class="b3">μακάριον.. λέγεις τυράννου χ.</b> your [[tyrant]]-[[creature]], Pl.''R.'' 567e; χ. θαυμαστὸν γυναικός Plu.''Ant.''31: without a gen., ἔλαφον, καλόν τι χ. καὶ μέγα [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''1.4.8; <b class="b3">σοφόν τοι χρῆμ' ἄνθρωπος</b> truly a clever [[creature]] is he! Theoc.15.83; <b class="b3">κοῦφον χ. ποιητής ἐστιν καὶ πτηνὸν καὶ ἱερόν</b>, of the poet, Pl.''Ion''534b; <b class="b3">χρῆμα καλόν τι</b> such a fine [[thing]]! Theoc.15.23; also in a periphrastic use, <b class="b3">οὐδὲν χ. τοῦ ἀγκῶνος κάμψαι δύνανται</b> cannot bend the elbow [[at all]], Hp.''Fract.''42.<br><span class="bld">b</span> so, to express a great number or mass, as we say, a [[deal]], a [[heap]] of... <b class="b3">πολλόν τι χ. τῶν τέκνων, χ. πολλὸν ἀρδίων, νεῶν</b>, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.109, 4.81, 6.43; χ. πολλόν τι χρυσοῦ Id.3.130; σμικρὸν τὸ χρῆμα τοῦ βίου E. ''Supp.''953; <b class="b3">ὅσον τὸ χρῆμα παρνόπων</b> what a [[lot]] of [[locust]]s! [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''150; ὅσον τὸ χρῆμα τοῦ πλακοῦντος Id.''Eq.''1219; πολὺ χ. τεμαχῶν Id.''Pl.''894; <b class="b3">τὸ χρῆμα τῶν κόπων ὅσον</b> what a [[lot]] of them! Id.''Ra.''1278; τῶν λαμπάδων ὅσον τὸ χρῆμα Id.''Th.''281; also of persons, [[χρῆμα θηλειῶν]] = [[womankind]], E.''Ph.'' 198; σφενδονητῶν πάμπολύ τι χ. [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''2.1.5; μέγα χ. Λακαινᾶν Theoc.18.4: without a gen., <b class="b3">ὅσον τὸ χρῆμα ἐπὶ δεῖπνον ἦλθε</b> what a [[crowd]].. ! Ar.''Pax''1192.<br><span class="bld">III</span> ([[χράω]] (B) A) [[oracle]], Emp.115.1.