πιέζω: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[to press]], [[to push]], [[beset]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">-έω</b> (Hom. as v.l.; Hp., Herod., Plb.), aor. [[πιέσαι]] (IA.), pass. [[πιεσθῆναι]] (θ 336), also <b class="b3">πι-έξαι</b>, <b class="b3">-εχθῆναι</b> (Hp., Epidaur.); fut. [[πιέσω]], perf. midd. [[πεπίεσμαι]] (Arist.; <b class="b3">-ίεγμαι</b> Hp.), act. [[πεπίεκα]]; besides [[πιάζω]] (Alcm., Alc., hell.). [[πιάσαι]] (<b class="b3">-άξαι</b> Theoc.), [[πιασθῆναι]], [[πεπίασμαι]] (hell.), rarely w. <b class="b3">ἐπ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b> a.o.<br />Compounds: Often w. <b class="b3">συν-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b> a.o.<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">πίε-(πία-)σις</b> (<b class="b3">συν-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>πιέζω ) f. [[pressing]], [[pressure]] (Pl., Arist.); 2. <b class="b3">-σμός</b> (<b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b> πιέζω a.o.) m. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Hp., Arist.); 3. <b class="b3">-σμα</b> (<b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b> πιέζω a.o.) n. [[pressure]], [[pressed mass]] (Hp., Eub.); 4. <b class="b3">-στήρ</b> m. [[presser]], [[press]] (Att. inscr., medic.) with <b class="b3">-στήριος</b> [[pressing]], n. [[press]] (Dsc.); 5. <b class="b3">-στρον</b> n. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Hp., Gal.).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: On <b class="b3">πιεζ-έω</b> as innovation beside older <b class="b3">πιέζ-ω</b> cf. <b class="b3">κυρ-έω</b> beside <b class="b3">κύρ-ω</b> a.o. (Schwyzer 721). Also [[πιάζω]] is an innovation (after the verbs in <b class="b3">-άζω</b>; perhaps also phonet. explainable; s. Schwyzer 244 w. lit., a.o. Wackernagel IF 25, 336f. = Kl. Schr. 2, 1032 f.). -- Not certainly interpreted. Great semantic and phonetic similarity shows Skt. [[pīḍáyati]] [[squeeze]], [[press]], [[hurt]], which stands first for <b class="b2">*pizd-</b> and would give Gr. <b class="b3">*πίζω</b>. For it [[πιέζω]] after [[ἕζω]] (Schwyzer 721 n. 5)? Diff., very hard, Kuiper Acta Or. 12, 227f.: [[πιέζω]] from <b class="b2">*pii̯es-dō</b> as full grade of <b class="b2">*pis-d-</b> in Skt. [[pīḍ-]]. Further combinations hypothetic: <b class="b2">*piz-d-</b> from <b class="b2">*pis-d-</b> as [[d-]]enlargement of IE <b class="b2">*pis-</b> in Lat. [[pīnsō]] [[pound]], [[crush]] (Fick, Curtius a. A.; cf. [[πτίσσω]]). -- Earlier (Brugmann, Osthoff etc.; s. Bq [[sub verbo|s.v.]] and WP. 2, 486 [Pok. 887]) from *(<b class="b2">e)pi-sed-i̯ō</b> resp. *(<b class="b2">e)pi-zd-</b> (> [[pīḍáyati]]) prop. *"sit upon" = [[squeeze]] explained; against this Kuiper [[l.c.]] and Mayrhofer [[sub verbo|s.v.]] w. rich lit. and many details.