φαῦλος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=φαύλη, φαῦλον, also φαῦλος, φαῦλον E.''Hipp.''435, ''Fr.''1083.9, Th.6.21: (cf. [[φλαῦρος]]):—<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[cheap]], [[easy]], [[slight]], [[paltry]], first found commonly in E., twicein [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.26, 126 (Comp., elsewhere [[φλαῦρος]]), six times in Democr., ''Fr.''87, al., twice in S., ''Frr.''41,771: Adv. [[φαύλως]] once in A.: A. ''Pers.'' 520.<br><span class="bld">I</span> of things, [[easy]], [[slight]], φ. ἀθλήσας πόνον E.''Supp.''317; φαυλότατον [[ἔργον]] = [[it is as easy as lying]], Ar.Eq.213; φαῦλον πρᾶγμα Id.''Lys.''14; τὸ ζήτημα οὐ φ. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 368c; φαῦλον ἐρώτημα Id.''Phlb.''19a; φαῦλον αὐτοῖς προστάξομεν Id.''R.''423c: freq. with negat., <b class="b3">οὐ φ., ἀλλὰ χαλεπὸν πιστεῦσαι</b> ib.527d; μάχη οὐ φ. Id.''Tht.''179d; οὐ φ. τέχνη Id.''Sph.''223c; <b class="b3">οὔτοι βασιλέα φαῦλόν [ἐστι] κτανεῖν</b> 'tis no [[slight]] [[matter]] to [[kill]] a [[king]], E.''El.''760; <b class="b3">νυκτὸς γὰρ οὔτι φ. ἐμβαλεῖν στρατόν</b> no [[easy]] matter, Id.''Rh.''285; οὐ φ. πληγαί D.54.13; φιλοῦσιν ἰατροὶ λέγειν τὰ φαῦλα μείζω Men.497; <b class="b3">φαῦλα ἐπιφέρειν</b> [[bring]] [[paltry]] [[charge]]s, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.26; <b class="b3">τὰ φ. νικήσας ἔχω</b> have gained [[petty]] victories, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Fragments|Fr.]]''41 (wrongly glossed by [[μέγα]] in Phot., Suid., and ''EM''789.43, cf. Hsch); <b class="b3">σύμμαχον Τροίᾳ μολόντα Ῥῆσον οὐ φαύλῳ τρόπῳ</b>, i.e. with no [[trivial]] [[force]], E.''Rh.'' 599; παρὰ φαῦλον ποιεῖσθαί τι D.H.''Rh.''4.2, cf. Lib.''Or.''14.26. Adv. [[φαύλως]] [[εὑρεῖν]], [[φαύλως]] [[τυχεῖν]], [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]''404 (troch.), 509 (anap.); φ. πάνυ Id.''Lys.'' 566 (anap.); [[φαύλως]] [[ἐκφυγεῖν]] = to [[get off]] [[easily]], Id.''Ach.''215 (lyr.); φ. ἀποδράς Id.''Th.''711 (lyr.); φαυλότατα καὶ ῥᾷστα Id.''Nu.''778; <b class="b3">οὔτι φαύλως ἦλθε</b> [[with]] no [[trivial]] [[force]], E.''Ph.''112; φ. βοηθήσειν D.15.13; φαύλως καὶ γλίσχρως παρείχοντο χρήματα ''Hell.Oxy.''14.2; <b class="b3">τὰς ἐλπίδας φ. ἔχειν</b> to be [[slight]], Hdn.1.3.1.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[simple]], [[ordinary]], [[δίαιτα]] Hp.''Fract.''36, ''Art.''49, Eur.''Fr.''213.4; σῖτα καὶ ποτὰ φαυλότατα [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''1.6.2, cf. Hp. ''Vict.''3.68 (Comp.); but freq. with sense [[poor]], [[indifferent]], στρατιά Th.6.21; ἀσπίδες, [[τείχισμα]], [[παρασκευή]], Id.4.9.115, 6.31; [[ἱμάτιον]] X. l. c. Adv. [[φαύλως]], [[διατρίβειν]] ἐν φιλοσοφίᾳ [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Theaetetus|Tht.]]''173c; μὴ [[φαύλως]] μηδὲ [[ἰδιωτικῶς]] Id.''Lg.''966e.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[mean]], [[bad]], [[πρῆξις]] Democr.177; λόγοι E. ''Andr.''870, ψόγος Id.''Ph.''94 (perhaps both in signf. 1.1 and in 1.3); οὐ φ. ὄψις [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 519a; φ. δόξα D.24.205; τὰ πράγματ' ἐστὶ φ. Id.19.30; φαῦλα διαπεπραγμένος Philem.229; ὁ φαῦλα πράττων ''Ev.Jo.''3.20; μηδὲ πραξάντων τι ἀγαθὸν ἢ φ. ''Ep.Rom.''9.11; [[τὸ φαῦλον]] = [[evil]], E.''IT''390; <b class="b3">τὰ φ.</b>, opp. <b class="b3">τὰ ἀγαθά</b>, X.''Smp.''4.47; <b class="b3">τύχη φ.</b>, opp. [[ἀγαθή]], Arist.''Ph.'' 197a26, cf. ''Metaph.''1065a35; τὴν πόλιν μηθὲμ φ. παθεῖν ''OGI''765.35 (Priene); <b class="b3">κομίσασθαι.. εἴτε ἀγαθὸν εἴτε φ.</b>, of [[reward]]s and [[punishment]]s, ''2 Ep.Cor.''5.10; φ. [[μαίωσις]] Sor.2.17, cf. 1.91, al.<br><span class="bld">II</span> of persons, [[low]] in rank, [[mean]], [[common]], E.''Fr.''688; <b class="b3">οἱ φαυλότατοι</b> the [[common]]est [[sort]] (of [[soldier]]s), Th.7.77; [γάμος] ὁ ἐκ τῶν φαυλοτέρων, opp. <b class="b3">ἐκ μειζόνων</b>, X.''Hier.''1.27, cf. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 475b; of [[outward]] [[look]]s, αἱ φαυλότεραι = the [[plain]]er [[one]]s, Ar.''Ec.''617, cf. 626 (Comp., both anap.).<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[inefficient]], [[bad]], [[διδάσκαλος]] [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Fragments|Fr.]]''771.3; [[τὸ φαῦλον]] καὶ τὸ [[μέσον]] καὶ τὸ [[πάνυ]] [[ἀκριβές]] = the [[inefficient]], the [[middling]], and the [[perfect]], Th.6.18; φαῦλος [[αὐλητής]], opp. [[ἀγαθός]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Protagoras|Prt.]]'' 327c; [[τοξότης]] Id.''Tht.''194a; οὐ δὲ φαύλων ἀνδρῶν οὐδὲ τῶν ἐπιτυχόντων Id.''Cra.'' 390d; opp. [[σπουδαῖος]], Isoc.1.1, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''757a, etc.; especially in point of education and accomplishments, opp. [[σοφός]], οἱ γὰρ ἐν σοφοῖς φαῦλοι παρ' ὄχλῳ μουσικώτεροι λέγειν E.''Hipp.''989, cf. ''Ph.''496, ''Ion'' 834, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Symposium|Smp.]]'' 174c, ''Alc.''1.129a; τὸ πλῆθος τὸ φαυλότερον E.''Ba.''431 (lyr.); <b class="b3">οἱ φαυλότεροι</b>, opp. to <b class="b3">οἱ ξυνετώτεροι</b>, Th.3.37; <b class="b3">οἱ φαυλότεροι γνώμην</b> ib.83; τὰ γράμματα φαῦλοι [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]''242c (so in Adv., φαυλοτέρως πεπαιδευμένοι Id.''Lg.''876d); generally, [[inferior]], Id.''Grg.''483c: c. inf., φαῦλοι [[μάχεσθαι]] E.''IT''305; φ. [[λέγειν]], φ. [[διαλεχθῆναι]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Theaetetus|Tht.]]''181b, ''Prt.'' 336c: of animals, φαῦλος [[κύων]] D.26.22; φαυλότατοι ἵπποι [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''4.1.3.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[careless]], [[thoughtless]], [[indifferent]], E.''Med.''807:—esp. in Adv., [[φαύλως]] ἐκρίνατε = [[judge]]d [[lightly]], [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''520; [[φαύλως]] [[εὕδειν]] E.''Rh.'' 769; οὐχ ὧδε [[φαύλως]] Id.''Ion''1546; [[φαύλως]] [[παραινεῖν]] [[off-hand]], Id.''HF''89; λόγισαι [[φαύλως]] μὴ ψήφοις ἀλλ' ἀπὸ χειρός [[off-hand]], [[roughly]], Ar.''V.''656 (anap.); [[φαύλως]] [[εἰπεῖν]] = [[casually]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 449c; [[φαύλως]] [[φέρειν]] = to [[bear]] [[lightly]], E. ''IA''850, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Birds|Av.]]''961.<br><span class="bld">4</span> in good sense, [[simple]], [[unaffected]], φαῦλον, ἄκομψον, τὰ μέγιστ' ἀγαθόν E.''Fr.''473 (anap.), cf. D.L.3.63. Adv. [[φαύλως]], [[παιδεύειν]] τινά by a very [[simple]] [[method]], X.''Oec.''13.4; φ. καὶ βραχέως ἀποκρίνασθαι [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Theaetetus|Tht.]]''147c.<br><span class="bld">5</span> of [[health]], etc., [[φαύλως]] [[ἔχειν]] = to be [[ill]], Hp.''Aph.''2.32; [[φαύλως]] [[πράττειν]] = to be in [[sorry]] [[plight]], Men. ''Sam.''165; [[φαύλως]] ἔχει τὰ πράγματα D.10.3, al.