View source for πύργος

{{LSJ1
|Full diacritics=πύργος
|Medium diacritics=πύργος
|Low diacritics=πύργος
|Capitals=ΠΥΡΓΟΣ
|Transliteration A=pýrgos
|Transliteration B=pyrgos
|Transliteration C=pyrgos
|Beta Code=pu/rgos
|Definition=ὁ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">tower</b>, esp. such as were attached to the walls of a city, <span class="bibl">Il.7.219</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>242</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.74</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Th.2.17</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Plb.5.99.9</span>, etc.: in pl., <b class="b2">city walls</b> or <b class="b2">ramparts with their towers</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.7.338</span>, <span class="bibl">437</span>; in sg., ἧντ' ἐπὶ πύργῳ <span class="bibl">3.153</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">22.447</span>; πόλιος ἣν πέρι πύργος ὑψηλός <span class="bibl">Od.6.262</span>; πέριξ δὲ πύργος εἶχ' ἔτι πτόλιν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>1209</span>; πύργους ἐπὶ τῶν γεφυρῶν ἐπιστῆσαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Criti.</span>116a</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">movable tower</b> for storming towns, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>6.1.53</span>, <span class="bibl">6.2.18</span>; π. ὑπότροχοι <span class="bibl">Onos. 42.3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b2">tower</b> on the back of war-elephants, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Tact.</span>2.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">d</span> <b class="b3">Ζανὸς π</b>., Pythag. name for the central fire of the universe, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Fr.</span>204</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> metaph., <b class="b2">tower of defence</b>, <b class="b3">τοῖος . . σφιν π. ἀπώλεο</b>, of Ajax, <span class="bibl">Od.11.556</span>; ἄνδρες πόλιος π. ἀρεύϊος Alc.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1a.10; παῖς ἄρσην πατέρ' ἔχει π. μέγαν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>311</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Med.</span>390</span>; ἅπας μοι π. Ἑλλήνων πατρίς <span class="title">Trag.Adesp.</span>392; <b class="b3">θανάτων δ' ἐμᾷ χώρᾳ π. ἀνέστα</b> <b class="b2">a tower of defence from</b> deaths, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1201</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">the part of a house</b> (prob. a separate building) <b class="b2">in which the women lived and worked</b>, αἱ ἄλλαι θεράπαιναι ἐν τῷ π. ἦσαν, οὗπερ διαιτῶνται <span class="bibl">D.47.56</span>; esp. if unmarried, as Hero in her <b class="b2">tower</b>, <span class="bibl">Musae.32</span>,<span class="bibl">187</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Philostr.Jun.<span class="title">Im.</span>1</span>; of the <b class="b2">workman's hut</b> of Timon the misanthrope (which also became his tomb, cf. <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Tim.</span>42</span>), <span class="bibl">Paus.1.30.4</span>, cf. <span class="title">AP</span> 7.402 (Antip.); <b class="b2">outbuildings</b>, esp. if used in industry, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Is.</span>5.2</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Mi.</span>4.8</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PStrassb.</span>110.6</span> (iii B.C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>1194.9</span> (ii B.C.), <span class="bibl">650.8</span> (i A.D.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>243.15</span> (i A.D.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Marc.</span>12.1</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>14.28</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PGiss.</span>67.16</span> (ii A.D.), <span class="title">IG</span>22.2776.65 (ii A.D.); π. ἐν ᾧ βαφεῖον καὶ ἕτερα χρηστήρια <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span>2.371.3</span> (i A.D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">part of an army drawn up in close order, column</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.4.334</span>,<span class="bibl">347</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> at Teos, a division of the people, <span class="title">CIG</span>3064,3081, al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">dice-box</b>, AP9.482.24 (Agath.); cf. Lat. <b class="b2">pyrgus</b>.</span>
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0820.png Seite 820]] <b class="b2">ein</b> Wort mit unsrer <b class="b2">Burg</b>, Thurm; bes. die zur Vertheidigung auf der Stadtmauer angebrachten Mauerthürme, πόλιος, ἣν πέρι [[πύργος]] [[ὑψηλός]], Od. 6, 262, u. öfter in der Il., die Ringmauer mit ihren Thürmen, im plur. Il. 7, 338. 436; ἄστεος, Pind. P. 5, 52; übh. jedes hochragende, thurmähnliche Gebäude, Il. 21, 526. 22, 447, vgl. 440; übh. Befestigungswerk, Schutzwehr, Bollwerk, vgl. [[Αἴας]] φέρων [[σάκος]] ἠΰτε πύργον, 11, 485. 17, 128; so heißt Aias selbst [[πύργος]] Ἀχαιοῖς, Od. 11, 556; Achilleus π. ἀϋτῆς, Theocr. 22, 220. – Oft bei Tragg. für Thurm, Mauer, z. B. Aesch. Spt. 33. 198, öfter; πόλιν πύργων βαθείᾳ μηχανῇ κεκλειμένην, Suppl. 934; Soph. auch = Schutz, σμικροὶ μεγάλων χωρὶς σφαλερὸν πύργου ῥῦμα πέλονται, Ai. 159; [[παῖς]] [[ἄρσην]] πατέρ' ἔχει πύργον μέγαν, Eur. Alc. 312; πύργους καὶ πύλας ἐπὶ τῶν γεφυρῶν ἐπιστήσαντες, Plat. Critia. 116 a; [[ξύλινος]], Thuc. 4, 90, u. A.; auch von einzelnen auf Rädern beweglichen, als Belagerungsmaschinen gebrauchten Thürmen. – Bei Dem. 47, 56 ein Hintergebäude mit einem Thurm oder Altan, in welchem das weibliche Gesinde ist; auch nach Schol. Ap. Rh. 3, 238 sind πύργοι = ὑψηλότεραι οἰκοδομαί, Zimmer im oberen Stockwerke. – Eine in geschlossenen Gliedern vorrückende Heeresabtheilung, ein Viereck oder ein Zug, Il. 4, 334. 347. Vgl. [[πυργηδόν]].
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|lstext='''πύργος''': ὁ, [[μάλιστα]] ὁ ἐπὶ τῶν τειχῶν πόλεως, [[συχν]]. ἐν τῇ Ἰλ., ἐν Ἡσ. Ἀσπ. [[Ἡρακλ]]. 242, Ἡρόδ., κτλ.· - ἐν τῷ πληθ., τὰ τείχη τῆς πόλεως [[μετὰ]] τῶν πύργων αὐτῶν, Ἰλ. Η. 338, πρβλ. 437· [[οὕτως]] ἐν τῷ ἑνικῷ, πόλιος, ἥν πέρι [[πύργος]] ὑψηλὸς Ὀδ. Ζ. 262· [[πέριξ]] δὲ [[πύργος]] εἶχ’ ἔτι πτόλιν Εὐρ. Ἑκ. 1209· πύργους ἐπὶ τῶν γεφυρῶν ἐπιστῆσαι Πλάτ. Κριτί. 116Α. β) κινητὸς [[πύργος]] δι’ οὗ προσέβαλλον ἐχθρικὴν πόλιν, πρῶτον ἐν Ξεν. Κύρ. 6. 1, 53., 6. 2, 18, πρβλ. Πολύβ. 5. 99, 9· - ὁ ἐπὶ τῶν νώτων τῶν ἐλεφάντων [[πύργος]], πρβλ. [[πυργοφόρος]], [[πυργοῦχος]]. 2) μεταφ., ἰσχυρὰ [[ὑπεράσπισις]], ὡς ὁ [[Αἴας]] καλεῖται [[πύργος]] Ἀχαιοῖς, Ὀδ. Λ. 556· ἄνδρες πόλεως π. ἀρήϊος Ἀλκαῖ. 22, πρβλ. Dissen εἰς Πινδ. Ι. 4. 55· [[παῖς]] ἄρσην πατέρ’ ἔχει πύργον μέγαν Εὐρ. Ἄλκ. 311, πρβλ. Μήδ. 369· [[ἅπας]] μοι π. Ἑλλήνων πατρὶς Τραγ. παρὰ Πλουτ. 2. 600F· - θανάτων δ’ ἐμᾷ χώρᾳ π. ἀνέστας, [[ἀμυντήριος]] [[δύναμις]] [[ἐναντίον]] τῶν θανάτων, Σοφ. Ο. Τ. 1201 (ἴδε ἐν λ. ῥῦμα ΙΙ)· πρβλ. [[ἀκρόπολις]] ΙΙ.<br /> 3) τὸ ὕψιστον [[μέρος]] παντὸς οἰκοδομήματος, τὸ πυργοειδὲς ἀνώγειον, [[ὅπερ]] ἐχρησίμευεν ὡς [[οἴκημα]] τῶν γυναικῶν, κωκυτοῦ δ’ ἤκουσε... ἀπὸ πύργου (δηλ. ἡ Ἀνδρομάχη) Ἰλ. Χ. 447 (ἀνωτέρω ἐν στίχ. 440, παρίσταται ὡς ὑφαίνουσα μυχῷ δόμου ὑψηλοῖο), πρβλ. Φ. 526· ὁ [[πύργος]] τῆς Ἡροῦς, τὸ παρ’ Ὁρατίῳ turris ahenea, Μουσαῖ. 32, πρβλ. Ἀνθ. Π. 7. 402· αἱ ἄλλαι θεράπαιναι ἐν τῷ π. ἦσαν, [[οὗπερ]] διαιτῶνται Δημ. 1156. 10 κἑξ., πρβλ. Φιλόστρ. 863· ἡ [[καλύβη]] τοῦ Τίμωνος, Παυσ. 1. 30, 4. ΙΙ. [[μέρος]] στρατοῦ παρατεταγμένου κατὰ συμπεπυκνωμένην φάλαγγα, Ἰλ. Δ. 334, 347· [[ἐντεῦθεν]] [[πυργηδόν]], ὃ ἴδε. 2) παρὰ τοῖς Τηΐοις [[διαίρεσις]] τοῦ λαοῦ, ὡς τὸ [[δῆμος]], Συλλ. Ἐπιγρ. 3064.<br /> ΙΙΙ. ἐν τῇ Λατ. (πρβλ. Ἀνθ. Π. 9. 482), pyrgus ἦν = fritillum, [[θήκη]] τῶν κύβων, ἀφ’ ἧς ἐρριπτον αὐτούς, ἐκλήθη δὲ [[οὕτως]] ἐκ τοῦ σχήματος· πρβλ. [[πυργίσκος]]. (Συγγενὲς τῷ πέργαμος ὃ ἴδε, [[ὡσαύτως]] δὲ τῷ Γερμ. Burg, τῷ Ἄγγλ. burgh, [[ἅπερ]] [[πάλιν]] [[εἶναι]] πιθανῶς συγγενῆ τῷ Γερμ. Berg, ὅρος· ἴδε πλείονα παρὰ τῷ Pott Et. Florsch. 2. 118)· πρβλ. καὶ τὴν Τουρκικ. λ. Bourgaz.
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|btext=ου (ὁ) :<br /><b>1</b> tour ; <i>p. ext.</i> enceinte garnie de tours ; citadelle, rempart;<br /><b>2</b> <i>p. anal.</i> sorte de bataillon carré.<br />'''Étymologie:''' cf. [[Πέργαμον]].
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