View source for ni

{{LaEn
|lnetxt=ni ADV :: if ... not; unless; [quid ni? => why not?]<br />ni ni CONJ :: if ... not; unless
}}
{{Lewis
|lshtext=<b>nī</b>: (old orthography nei,<br /><b>I</b><br /> v. in the foll.), adv. and conj. [[identical]] [[with]] ne and the [[prim]]. form, [[whence]] [[nisi]], i. e. si ni].<br /><b>I</b> Adv., [[like]] ne, an [[absolutely]] [[negative]] [[particle]], not.—So [[only]] in the combinations,<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Quid ni? or, in one [[word]], [[quidni]]? [[why]] not? [[quid]] ego ni ita censeam? Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 27: [[quid]] ego ni fleam? id. ib. 4, 8, 1: [[quidni]], inquit, meminerim? etc., Auct. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 67, 273 et saep.; v. [[quidni]].—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Nimirum, lit. not [[wonderful]]; v. [[nimirum]].—<br /><b>II</b> Conj., [[like]] ne, in [[imperative]] and [[intentional]] clauses, not, [[that]] not (ante-class. and [[poet]].): ni [[quid]] [[tibi]] [[hinc]] in spem referas, Plaut. Ep. 3, 2, 3: [[vinum]] aliudve [[quid]] ni laudato, Varr. ap. Non. 281, 31: [[Numa]] constituit, ut pisces, qui squamosi non essent, ni pollucerent ... ni qui ad polluctum emerent, Cass. Hem. ap. Plin. 32, 2, 10, § 20; cf.: QVEM QVISQVE EORVM AGRVM POSIDEBIT, INVITIS EIS NIQVIS SICET NIVE PASCAT NIVE FRVATVR, etc., Inscr. Orell. 3121, p. 40: IS EVM AGRVM NEI HABETO NIVE FRVIMINO, ib.: ROGO PER DEOS, NI VELITIS OSSA MEA VIOLARE, Inscr. Grut. 996, 12; Cenotaph. Pis. ap. Inscr. Orell. 643: (lege) edictā flemus diu, ni nos divideret, Prop. 2, 7, 2: obstabat [[vallum]], ni instent [[acies]], Sil. 1, 374 (al. ne): monent ... ni teneant [[cursus]], Verg. A. 3, 686 (antiqui ni pro ne ponebant, Serv. ad loc.).—<br /><b>III</b> As a conditional [[negative]] (= si non, [[nisi]]), if not, [[unless]], [[but]] [[that]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In gen.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With indic.: SI IN IVS VOCAT, NI IT, ANTESTATOR, IGITVR EM CAPITO, if he [[summon]] him [[before]] [[court]], if he go not, [[then]] he shall, etc., Tab. XII. 1 init.: nam ni illum recipit, [[nihil]] est quo me recipiam, Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 35: ni offerumentas habebis [[plures]] in [[tergo]] tuo, etc., id. Rud. 3, 4, 48: mirum ni domi est, Ter. And. 3, 4, 19: moriar ni [[puto]], etc., Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 1: ni [[frustra]] [[augurium]] vani docuere parentes, Verg. A. 1, 392: si is [[homo]] moritur, [[probe]] [[factum]] ... ni moritur, tum, etc., Liv. 8, 10, 12; 13.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With subj.: [[quid]] ploras, [[pater]]?—Mirum ni cantem: condemnatus [[sum]], it's a [[wonder]] I [[don]]'t [[sing]] ([[ironically]]), Nov. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 69, 279: dicerem, quae [[ante]] futura dixissem, ni vererer, ne, etc., Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 4: ni ita se res haberet, id. Tusc. 5, 39, 115; cf. id. Fin. 3, 20, 66: ni [[tamen]] exciderit, id. poët. Fragm. ap. Quint. 8, 6, 73: ni faciat, Verg. A. 1, 58: omina ni repetant Argis numenque reducant, id. ib. 2, 178: nec Boi detrectāssent pugnam, ni [[fama]] ... animos fregisset, Liv. 32, 31, 2: ea se dicturum, quae ni fiant, nulla [[sit]] pacis [[condicio]], id. 32, 33, 2; 2, 22, 1; 1, 22, 6.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In partic.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In [[formal]] lang. of [[law]], in agreements, promises, stipulations, etc.: cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir [[bonus]] esset, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77: judicem ferre, ni vindicias dederit, Liv. 3, 57: tum illud [[quod]] dicitur [[sive]] [[nive]] irrident, etc., Cic. Caecin. 23, 65: [[cedo]] qui cum habeam judicem, Ni [[dolo]] [[malo]] instipulatus sis. [[nive]] [[etiam]] dum [[siem]] Quinque et [[viginti]] annos [[natus]], Plaut. Rud. 5, 3 (4), 25 (v. the [[passage]] in [[connection]]); so id. ib. 3, 4, 9: id ni [[fit]], [[mecum]] [[pignus]], si [[quis]] [[volt]], [[dato]] in urnam mulsi, [[that]] it is not so, [[bet]] me, etc., id. Cas. prol. 75; id. Ep. 5, 2, 35; id. Poen. 5, 4, 72. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Ni [[quis]] scivit (if [[any]] one has not voted), the [[name]] of a [[centuria]] created by [[Servius]] [[Tullius]] for those to [[vote]] in [[who]] had not voted in [[their]] [[own]] centuriae, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 177 Müll.—*<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; For [[nisi]] [[quod]], Amm. 22, 11 fin.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Ni [[forte]], for [[nisi]] [[forte]]: ni [[forte]] [[satius]] est, etc., Curt. 5, 25, 12 (Foss, [[nisi]]), Quint. 11, 2, 27.
}}
{{Gaffiot
|gf=<b>nī</b>,⁸<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>I</b> particule de négation (ne-i cf. [[οὐχί]]) arch.<br /><b>1</b> = [[non]] : [[quid]] [[ego]] ni fleam ? Pl. Mil. 1311, comment ne pleurerais-je pas ? cf. Mil. 1120 ; [d’où] [[quidni]], [[quippini]], [[nimirum]], v. ces mots<br /><b>2</b> = ne [avec impér. ou subj. de volonté] : ni laudato Varr. d. Non. 281, 31, ne loue pas ; ni... referas Pl. Epid. 339, ne porte pas en [[compte]]... ; monere ni Virg. En. 3, 686, recommander de ne pas.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>II</b> conj. = si [[non]], si ne... pas : dicerem, ni vererer Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 4, je dirais, si je ne craignais pas ; moriar, ni [[puto]]... Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 1, que je meure, si je ne crois pas... &#124;&#124; ni... [[nive]] (= et ou [[vel]] ni ) Pl. Rud. 1381, si ne... pas, et si ne pas ; si... [[nive]]... [[nive]] Pl. Rud. 714, si... et si ne pas... et si ne pas &#124;&#124; [[sive]]... [[nive]] Cic. Cæc. 65, soit que, soit que ne pas, [cf. Sen. Ep. 48, 10, exemple de formules judiciaires, employées par les chicaneurs].|
|ni... [[nive]] (=et ou [[vel]] ni ) Pl. Rud. 1381, si ne... pas, et si ne pas ; si... [[nive]]... [[nive]] Pl. Rud. 714, si... et si ne pas... et si ne pas||[[sive]]... [[nive]] Cic. Cæc. 65, soit que, soit que ne pas, [cf. Sen. Ep. 48, 10, exemple de formules judiciaires, employées par les chicaneurs].
}}
{{Georges
|georg=nī, Adv. u. Coni., I) altert. = ne, [[neben]] dem [[Imperativ]] u. Konjunktiv zur [[Angabe]] eines Verbotes od. [[einer]] [[Absicht]], [[nicht]], daß [[nicht]] (vgl. Ritschl opusc. 2, 622 ff. Lachm. Lucr. 2, 734), ni [[quid]] [[tibi]] [[hinc]] in spem referas, Plaut.: caveto ni [[quam]] materiem doles, [[Cato]] fr.: homines [[moneo]], ni [[qui]] diffidat [[sibi]], Corp. inscr. Lat. 9, 3128 = Carm. epigr. 184: monent... ni teneant [[currus]], Verg.: quā ([[lege]]) [[quondam]] edictā flemus [[uterque]] [[diu]], ni [[nos]] divideret, Prop. – dah. [[quid]] ni ([[quidni]])? [[wie]] [[nicht]]? [[warum]] [[nicht]]? α) in der [[Antwort]] [[auf]] eine [[Frage]], [[ergo]] tu iubes tollam? [[quidni]]? Plaut. β) zur [[Bekräftigung]] [[nach]] [[einer]] [[Behauptung]], erat illarum partium: [[quidni]]? Cic.: [[bei]] Späteren [[auch]] [[mit]] [[non]] verb., [[quidni]] [[non]] timeat, [[qui]] mori sperat? [[gewiß]] fürchtet, Sen. γ) [[ironisch]], [[warum]] [[nicht]] [[gar]]? Cic. u.a. – II) = [[nisi]], wo [[nicht]], [[wofern]] [[nicht]], [[wenn]] [[nicht]], ni tua custodis, [[avidus]] [[iam]] [[haec]] auferet [[heres]], Hor.: [[plures]] cecĭdissent, ni [[nox]] [[proelio]] intervenisset, Liv.: sponsionem fecisset, ni [[vir]] [[bonus]] esset, Cic. – u. so in nachdrücklichen Behauptungen, perii [[hercle]] [[hodie]], ni [[hunc]] a te [[abigo]], Plaut.: [[quod]] ni [[ita]] se haberet, [[nec]] iustitiae [[ullus]] esset [[nec]] bonitati [[locus]], Cic. – in Drohungen, [[excidium]] minitans, ni causam suam dissociarent, Tac.: regna ipsa [[Latini]], ni... fatentur, eruam, Verg. – [[bei]] Beteuerungen u. Verwünschungen, moriar, ni [[puto]], Cic. – in der [[Formel]] mirum ni, [[ich]] sollte mich [[wundern]], [[wenn]] [[nicht]], mirum ni cantem, [[ich]] soll [[wohl]] [[gar]] [[singen]], Nov. com. fr.: mirum ni [[domi]] est, [[ich]] müßte mich [[sehr]] [[irren]], [[wenn]] er [[nicht]] zu Hause wäre, er ist [[sicherlich]] zu Hause, Ter. – in der parenth. [[Formel]] ni fallor, Ov. [[fast]]. 4, 623. Sen. ep. 14, 3 u. Spät. – arch. Nbf. [[nei]], Plaut. Poen. 865. Catull. 6, 2 u. 14; 14, 1. – ni... [[nive]] ([[oder]] [[wenn]] [[nicht]]), Plaut. rud. 1381. – si... [[nive]]... [[nive]], Plaut. rud. 714 sq. – [[sive]]... [[nive]], Cic. Caecin. 65 (vgl. Iordan Prolegg. p. 41, wo [[auch]] p. 39 sq. [[gegen]] [[Rost]] u. Huschke gezeigt wird, daß ni [[bei]] Sponsionen usw. [[nur]] [[dann]] [[üblich]] ist, [[wenn]] [[sie]] in der [[oratio]] obliqua aufgeführt [[werden]]): u. so per istud philosophiae [[sive]] [[nive]], Sen. ep. 48, 10.
}}
{{LaZh
|lnztxt=ni. ''conj''. :: 不然。除。若不。Mirum ni domi est 若不在家即怪也。Rempublicam sistere negat ni ad equestrem ordinem judicia revertantur 彼謂若訟不歸紳士則國家亦不能存。 Cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset 除非彼非善人。定必以我言爲是。
}}