κόσμος

English (LSJ)

ὁ,

   A order, κατὰ κόσμον in order, duly, εὖ κατὰ κ. Il.10.472, al.; οὐ κατὰ κ. shamefully, Od.8.179; μὰψ ἀτὰρ οὐ κατὰ κ. Il. 2.214: freq. in dat., κόσμῳ καθίζειν to sit in order, Od.13.77, cf. Hdt.8.67; οὐ κ. . . ἐλευσόμεθα Il.12.225; κ. θεῖναι τὰ πάντα Hdt.2.52, cf. 7.36, etc.; διάθες τάδε κ. Ar.Av.1331; κ. φέρειν bear becomingly, Pi.P.3.82; δέξασθαί τινα κ. A.Ag.521; σὺν κόσμῳ Hdt.8.86, Arist.Mu. 398b23; ἐν κόσμῳ Hp.Mul.1.3, Pl.Smp.223b; κόσμῳ οὐδενὶ κοσμηθέντες in no sort of order, Hdt.9.59; φεύγειν, ἀπιέναι οὐδενὶ κ., Id.3.13, 8.60.γ, etc.; ἀτάκτως καὶ οὐδενὶ κ. Th.3.108, cf. A.Pers.400; οὐκέτι τὸν αὐτὸν κ. no longer in the same order, Hdt.9.66; οὐδένα κ. ib.65, 69; ἦν δ' οὐδεὶς κ. τῶν ποιουμένων Th.3.77: generally, of things, natural order, γίνεται τῶν τεταρταίων ἡ κατάστασις ἐκ τούτου τοῦ κ. Hp. Prog.20.    2 good order, good behaviour, = κοσμιότης Phld.Mus. p.43 K.; discipline, D.18.216; οὐ κ., ἀλλ' ἀκοσμία S.Fr.846.    3 form, fashion, ιππου κόσμον ἄεισον δουρατέου Od.8.492; κ. ἐπέων ἀπατηλός Parm.8.52; ἐξηγεομένων . . τὸν κ. αὐτοῦ the fashion of it, Hdt.3.22; κ. τόνδε . . ὁ καταστησάμενος who established this order or from, Id.1.99.    4 of states, order, government, μεταστῆσαι τὸν κ. Th. 4.76, cf. 8.48, 67; μένειν ἐν τῷ ὀλιγαρχικῷ κ. 8.72, etc.; esp. of the Spartan constitution, Hdt.1.65, Clearch.3: pl., πόλεων κόσμοι Pl.Prt. 322c.    II ornament, decoration, esp. of women, Il.14.187, Hes.Op. 76, Hdt.5.92.ή; γυναικεῖος κ. Pl.R.373c, etc.; of a horse, Il.4.145; of men, Hdt.3.123, A.Th.397, etc.; γλαυκόχροα κόσμον ἐλαίας, of an olive-wreath, Pi.O.3.13, cf. 8.83, P.2.10, etc.; κ. κυνῶν X.Cyn.6.1; κ. καὶ ἔπιπλα Lys.12.19; κ. ἀργυροῦς a service of plate, Ath.6.231b; ἱερὸς κ. OGI90.40 (Rosetta, ii B. C.): pl., ornaments, A.Ag.1271; οἱ περὶ τὸ σῶμα κ. Isoc.2.32: metaph., of ornaments of speech, such as epithets, Id.9.9 (pl.), Arist.Rh.1408a14, Po.1457b2, 1458a33; ἁδυμελῆ κ. κελαδεῖν to sing sweet songs of praise, Pi.O.11 (10).13 (s.v.l.).    2 metaph., honour, credit, Id.N.2.8, I.6(5).69; κόσμον φέρει τινί it does one credit, Hdt.8.60, 142; γύναι, γυναιξὶ κόσμον ἡ σιγὴ φέρει S.Aj.293; κ. τοῦτ' ἐστὶν ἐμοί Ar.Nu.914; οἷς κόσμος [ἐστὶ] καλῶς τοῦτο δρᾶν Th.1.5; ἐν κόσμῳ καὶ τιμῇ εἶναί τινι D.60.36; of persons, σὺ ἔμοιγε μέγιστος κ. ἔσει X.Cyr.6.4.3; ἡ μεγαλοψυχία οἷον κ. τις τῶν ἀρετῶν Arist.EN 1124a1.    III ruler, regulator, title of chief magistrate in Crete, SIG712.57, etc.; collectively, body of κόσμοι, ib.524.1; τοῦ κ. τοῖς πλίασι ib.527.74: also freq. in pl., ib.528.1, al., Arist.Pol.1272a6, Str.10.4.18, 22; cf. κόρμος.    IV Philos., world-order, universe, first in Pythag., acc.to Placit.2.1.1, D.L.8.48 (cf. [Philol.]21), or Parm., acc. to Thphr. ap. D.L.l.c.; κόσμον τόνδε οὔτε τις θεῶν οὔτε ἀνθρώπων ἐποίησεν, ἀλλ' ἦν ἀεὶ καὶ ἔστιν καὶ ἔσται πῦρ Heraclit.30; ὁ καλούμενος ὑπὸ τῶν σοφιστῶν κ. X.Mem.1.1.11: freq. in Pl., Grg.508a, Ti.27a, al.; ἡ τοῦ ὅλου σύστασίς ἐστι κ. καὶ οὐρανός Arist.Cael.280a21, cf. Epicur.Ep. 2p.37U., Chrysipp.Stoic.2.168, etc.; ὁ κ. ζῷον ἔμψυχον καὶ λογικόν Posidon. ap. D.L.7.139, cf. Pl.Ti.30b: sts. of the firmament, γῆς ἁπάσης τῆς ὑπὸ τῷ κόσμῳ κειμένης Isoc.4.179; ὁ περὶ τὴν γῆν ὅλος κ. Arist. Mete.339a20; μετελθεῖν εἰς τὸν ἀέναον κ., of death, OGI56.48 (Canopus, iii B. C.); but also, of earth, as opp. heaven, ὁ ἐπιχθόνιος κ. Herm. ap. Stob.1.49.44; or as opp. the underworld, ὁ ἄνω κ. Iamb.VP27.123; of any region of the universe, ὁ μετάρσιος κ. Herm. ap. Stob.1.49.44; of the sphere whose centre is the earth's centre and radius the straight line joining earth and sun, Archim.Aren.4; of the sphere containing the fixed stars, Pl.Epin.987b: in pl., worlds, coexistent or successive, Anaximand. et alii ap.Placit.2.1.3, cf. Epicur.l.c.; also, of stars, Νὺξ μεγάλων κ. κτεάτειρα A.Ag.356 (anap.), cf. Heraclid.et Pythagorei ap.Placit.2.13.15 (= Orph.Fr.22); οἱ ἑπτὰ κ. the Seven planets, Corp.Herm.11.7.    2 metaph., microcosm, ἄνθρωπος μικρὸς κ. Democr. 34; ἄνθρωπος βραχὺς κ. Ph.2.155; of living beings in general, τὸ ζῷον οἷον μικρόν τινα κ. εἶναί φασιν ἄνδρες παλαιοί Gal.UP3.10.    3 in later Gr., = οἰκουμένη, the known or inhabited world, OGI458.40 (9 B.C.), Ep.Rom.1.8, etc.; ὁ τοῦ παντὸς κ. κύριος, of Nero, SIG814.31, cf. IGRom.4.982 (Samos); ἐὰν τὸν κ. ὅλον κερδήσῃ Ev.Matt.16.26.    4 men in general, φανέρωσον σεαυτὸν τῷ κ. Ev.Jo.7.4, cf. 12.19; esp. of the world as estranged from God by sin, ib.16.20, 17.9, al., 1 Ep.Cor. 1.21, etc.    5 οὗτος ὁ κ. this present world, i.e. earth, opp. heaven, Ev.Jo.13.1; regarded as the kingdom of evil, ὁ ἄρχων τοῦ κ. τούτου ib.12.31.    V Pythag.name for six, Theol.Ar.37; for ten, ib.59.