πνεῦμα: Difference between revisions
εἰ δὲ τύχῃ τις ἔρδων, μελίφρον' αἰτίαν ῥοαῖσι Μοισᾶν ἐνέβαλε → if someone is successful in his deeds, he casts a cause for sweet thoughts into the streams of the Muses
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|Definition=ατος, τό, (πνέω) <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">blast, wind</b>, first in <span class="bibl">Anaximen.2</span>, <b class="b3">ὅλον τὸν κόσμον π. καὶ ἀὴρ περιέχει</b>: freq. in Trag., etc., ἀνέμων πνεύματα πάντων <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>1086</span> (anap.), cf. <span class="bibl">1047</span> (anap.); θαλάσσας . . πνεύματι λάβρῳ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pers.</span>110</span>(lyr.); πνευμάτων ἐπομβρίᾳ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>300.3</span>; τέως δὲ κούφοις πνεύμασιν βόσκου <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>558</span>; πνεύμασιν θαλασσίοις ἐξωσθέντες <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span> 278</span> (but <b class="b3">πνοή</b> is commoner in Poets; Hom. uses <b class="b3">πνοιή</b>) ; πνεύματα ἀνέμων <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.16</span>.ά; τὸ π. κατῄει <span class="bibl">Th.2.84</span>; <b class="b3">κατὰ πρύμναν ἵσταται τὸ π</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">97</span>; τὸ π. λεῖον καὶ καθεστηκὸς λαβεῖν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1003</span>; τὸ π. ἔλαττον γίγνεται <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eq.</span>441</span>; εἰ φορὸν π. εἴη <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>6.2.27</span>; <b class="b3">κατὰ πνεῦμα στῆναι τοῦ ἄρρενος</b> to <b class="b2">leeward</b> of him, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>560b14</span>; but <b class="b3">κατὰ π. προσιόντες</b> down <b class="b2">wind</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">535a19</span>; <b class="b3">πνεύματος ἀνείλησις, ἐκπύρωσις</b>, <span class="bibl">Epicur. <span class="title">Ep.</span>2pp.44,45</span> U.; as an element, <b class="b2">air</b>, <span class="bibl">Corp.Herm.1.9</span>, <span class="bibl">16</span>; τὸ π. τὸ περὶ τὴν ψυχήν <span class="bibl">Plot.2.2.2</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Porph.<span class="title">Sent.</span>29</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> metaph., <b class="b3">θαλερωτέρῳ π</b>. with more genial <b class="b2">breeze</b> or <b class="b2">influence</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>708</span>(lyr.); λύσσης π. μάργῳ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pr.</span>884</span>(anap.); <b class="b3">αἰδοίῳ π. χώρας</b> with <b class="b2">air</b> or <b class="b2">spirit</b> of respect on the part of the country, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>29</span>(anap.); <b class="b3">π. ταὐτὸν οὔποτ' . . ἐν ἀνδράσιν φίλοις βέβηκεν</b> <b class="b2">the wind</b> is constantly changing even among friends, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>612</span>; π. συμφορᾶς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1317</span>; ὅταν θεοῦ σοι π. μεταβαλὸν τύχῃ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HF</span>216</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">breathed air, breath</b>, σάλπιγξ βροτείου πνεύματος πληρουμένη <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>568</span>; <b class="b3">αὐλῶν, λωτοῦ π</b>., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>128</span>(lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>787</span> (lyr., pl.); <b class="b3">π. ἀπέρρηξεν βίου</b> <b class="b2">the breath</b> of life, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>507</span>; π. ἀπώλεσεν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span>984</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">π. ἄθροισον</b> collect <b class="b2">breath</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>851</span>; <b class="b3">π. ἀφεῖναι, ἀνεῖναι, μεθεῖναι</b>, to give up <b class="b2">the ghost</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hec.</span>571</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Or.</span>277</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>785</span> (anap.); π. δειμαίνων λιπεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>554</span>; π. . . δυσῶδες ἠφίει <span class="bibl">Th.2.49</span>; <b class="b3">πνεύματος διαρροαί</b> the wind-pipe, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>567</span>; τὰς τοῦ π. διεξόδους ἀποφράττον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>91c</span> (v. <b class="b3">πνεύμων</b>) ; πνεύματος ῥώμη Plu.2.804b: prov., ἄνθρωπός ἐστι π. καὶ σκιὰ μόνον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>13</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">breathing, respiration</b>, freq. in Hp., <b class="b3">π. πυκνόν, ἀραιόν, ἐκτεῖνον, κατεπεῖγον</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Epid.</span>2.3.7</span>; π. πυκνότερον <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Acut.</span>16</span>; <b class="b3">π. προσκόπτον</b> checked, difficult <b class="b2">breathing, Aph</b>.<span class="bibl">4.68</span>; <b class="b3">π. ἄσημον</b> indistinct, feeble <b class="b2">breathing, Epid</b>.<span class="bibl">6.7.8</span>; π. βηχῶδες <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Coac.</span>622</span>; <b class="b3">π. μετέωρον</b> shallow <b class="b2">breathing, Epid</b>.<span class="bibl">2.3.1</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ π. ἔχειν ἄνω</b> to be out of <b class="b2">breath</b>, <span class="bibl">Men.23</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Sosicr.1</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ π. ἀνήνεγκαν</b> recovered their <b class="b2">breath</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Prorrh.</span>2.12</span> (so without τὸ π. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aph.</span>2.43</span>); but <b class="b3">ἀναφέρουσιν . . κλαίοντά τε καὶ ἐς τὰς ῥῖνας ἀνέλκοντα τὸ π</b>. they <b class="b2">sob . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hebd.</span>51</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> pl., of the air imagined as filling the veins, <b class="b3">πνευμάτων ἀπολήψιες ἀνὰ φλέβας</b> Id.<b class="b2">Acut.(Sp.)</b><span class="bibl">7</span>,al. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">flatulence</b>, in pl., <span class="bibl">Eub.107.9</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span> 948b25</span>, Dsc.2.112, <span class="bibl">D.L.6.94</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">breath of life</b>, π. ζωῆς <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ge.</span>6.17</span>, <span class="bibl">7.15</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Per.</span>13</span>,etc.; <b class="b3">π. ἔχειν</b> retain <b class="b2">life</b>, <span class="bibl">Plb.31.10.4</span>; <b class="b2">living being</b>, ἐγὼ Νίνος πάλαι ποτ' ἐγενόμην π. <span class="bibl">Phoen.1.16</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ π. πάντα βρότεια σοὶ</b> (sc. <b class="b3">Πλούτωνι</b>) νέμεται; <span class="title">IG</span>14.769 (Naples). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b2">that which is breathed forth</b> or <b class="b2">exhaled, odour</b>, ὦ θεῖον ὀδμῆς π. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1391</span>; <b class="b3">π. βαρὺ ἀφιεῖσα</b>, of a tree, Plu.2.647b. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">6</span> Gramm., <b class="b2">breathing with which a vowel is pronounced</b>, ib. 1009e (pl.), <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Adv.</span>147.18</span>; <b class="b3">π. δασύ, ψιλόν</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pron.</span> 78.6</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Adv.</span>148.9</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">divine inspiration</b>, ἄγρια . . πνεύματα θευφορίης <span class="title">AP</span>6.220.4 (Diosc.); εἰ μή τι θεῖον . . ἐνῆν π. τῇ ψυχῇ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ax.</span>370c</span>; τὸ ἱερὸν καὶ δαιμόνιον ἐν μούσαις π. Plu.2.605a; καθαρὸν δίκαιον . . π. θεοῦ σωτῆρος <span class="title">BMus.Inscr.</span>1062(Cyrene, ii A. D.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> the <b class="b2">spirit</b> of God, π. θεοῦ <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ge.</span>1.2</span>, etc.: freq. in <b class="b2">NT</b>, τὸ π. τὸ ἅγιον <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Marc.</span>3.29</span>,al. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">spirit</b> of man, εἴτ' ἐστὶ τοῦτο π. θεῖον εἴτε νοῦς <span class="bibl">Men.482.3</span>: in <b class="b2">NT</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ψυχή</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Thess.</span>5.23</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Rom.</span>8.2</span>; <b class="b3">τῷ π</b>., opp. <b class="b3">τῷ σώματι</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Cor.</span>5.3</span>; also, opp. <b class="b3">γράμμα</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Rom.</span>2.29</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b2">spiritual</b> or <b class="b2">immaterial being, angel</b>, Ep.Hebr.1.14, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Apoc.</span>1.4</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ ἄχραντα π., τὰ</b> <b class="b3">κακὰ π</b>., <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">Myst.</span>3.31</span>; <b class="b3">π. πονηρόν, ψευδές</b>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Jd.</span>9.23</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">3 Ki.</span>22.21</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>19.12</span>, <span class="bibl">15</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Apoc.</span>16.14</span>, Porph. ap. <span class="bibl">Eus.<span class="title">PE</span>4.23</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἀλάλου καὶ κακοῦ π. οὖσα πλήρης</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἡ Πυθία</b>) Plu.2.438b. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">VI</span> Rhet., <b class="b2">sentence declaimed in one breath</b>, <span class="bibl">Hermog.<span class="title">Inv.</span>3.10</span>,<span class="bibl">4.4</span>,al.</span> | |Definition=ατος, τό, (πνέω) <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">blast, wind</b>, first in <span class="bibl">Anaximen.2</span>, <b class="b3">ὅλον τὸν κόσμον π. καὶ ἀὴρ περιέχει</b>: freq. in Trag., etc., ἀνέμων πνεύματα πάντων <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>1086</span> (anap.), cf. <span class="bibl">1047</span> (anap.); θαλάσσας . . πνεύματι λάβρῳ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pers.</span>110</span>(lyr.); πνευμάτων ἐπομβρίᾳ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>300.3</span>; τέως δὲ κούφοις πνεύμασιν βόσκου <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>558</span>; πνεύμασιν θαλασσίοις ἐξωσθέντες <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span> 278</span> (but <b class="b3">πνοή</b> is commoner in Poets; Hom. uses <b class="b3">πνοιή</b>) ; πνεύματα ἀνέμων <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.16</span>.ά; τὸ π. κατῄει <span class="bibl">Th.2.84</span>; <b class="b3">κατὰ πρύμναν ἵσταται τὸ π</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">97</span>; τὸ π. λεῖον καὶ καθεστηκὸς λαβεῖν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1003</span>; τὸ π. ἔλαττον γίγνεται <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eq.</span>441</span>; εἰ φορὸν π. εἴη <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>6.2.27</span>; <b class="b3">κατὰ πνεῦμα στῆναι τοῦ ἄρρενος</b> to <b class="b2">leeward</b> of him, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>560b14</span>; but <b class="b3">κατὰ π. προσιόντες</b> down <b class="b2">wind</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">535a19</span>; <b class="b3">πνεύματος ἀνείλησις, ἐκπύρωσις</b>, <span class="bibl">Epicur. <span class="title">Ep.</span>2pp.44,45</span> U.; as an element, <b class="b2">air</b>, <span class="bibl">Corp.Herm.1.9</span>, <span class="bibl">16</span>; τὸ π. τὸ περὶ τὴν ψυχήν <span class="bibl">Plot.2.2.2</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Porph.<span class="title">Sent.</span>29</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> metaph., <b class="b3">θαλερωτέρῳ π</b>. with more genial <b class="b2">breeze</b> or <b class="b2">influence</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>708</span>(lyr.); λύσσης π. μάργῳ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pr.</span>884</span>(anap.); <b class="b3">αἰδοίῳ π. χώρας</b> with <b class="b2">air</b> or <b class="b2">spirit</b> of respect on the part of the country, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>29</span>(anap.); <b class="b3">π. ταὐτὸν οὔποτ' . . ἐν ἀνδράσιν φίλοις βέβηκεν</b> <b class="b2">the wind</b> is constantly changing even among friends, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>612</span>; π. συμφορᾶς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1317</span>; ὅταν θεοῦ σοι π. μεταβαλὸν τύχῃ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HF</span>216</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">breathed air, breath</b>, σάλπιγξ βροτείου πνεύματος πληρουμένη <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>568</span>; <b class="b3">αὐλῶν, λωτοῦ π</b>., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>128</span>(lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>787</span> (lyr., pl.); <b class="b3">π. ἀπέρρηξεν βίου</b> <b class="b2">the breath</b> of life, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>507</span>; π. ἀπώλεσεν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span>984</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">π. ἄθροισον</b> collect <b class="b2">breath</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>851</span>; <b class="b3">π. ἀφεῖναι, ἀνεῖναι, μεθεῖναι</b>, to give up <b class="b2">the ghost</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hec.</span>571</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Or.</span>277</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>785</span> (anap.); π. δειμαίνων λιπεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>554</span>; π. . . δυσῶδες ἠφίει <span class="bibl">Th.2.49</span>; <b class="b3">πνεύματος διαρροαί</b> the wind-pipe, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>567</span>; τὰς τοῦ π. διεξόδους ἀποφράττον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>91c</span> (v. <b class="b3">πνεύμων</b>) ; πνεύματος ῥώμη Plu.2.804b: prov., ἄνθρωπός ἐστι π. καὶ σκιὰ μόνον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>13</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">breathing, respiration</b>, freq. in Hp., <b class="b3">π. πυκνόν, ἀραιόν, ἐκτεῖνον, κατεπεῖγον</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Epid.</span>2.3.7</span>; π. πυκνότερον <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Acut.</span>16</span>; <b class="b3">π. προσκόπτον</b> checked, difficult <b class="b2">breathing, Aph</b>.<span class="bibl">4.68</span>; <b class="b3">π. ἄσημον</b> indistinct, feeble <b class="b2">breathing, Epid</b>.<span class="bibl">6.7.8</span>; π. βηχῶδες <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Coac.</span>622</span>; <b class="b3">π. μετέωρον</b> shallow <b class="b2">breathing, Epid</b>.<span class="bibl">2.3.1</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ π. ἔχειν ἄνω</b> to be out of <b class="b2">breath</b>, <span class="bibl">Men.23</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Sosicr.1</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ π. ἀνήνεγκαν</b> recovered their <b class="b2">breath</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Prorrh.</span>2.12</span> (so without τὸ π. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aph.</span>2.43</span>); but <b class="b3">ἀναφέρουσιν . . κλαίοντά τε καὶ ἐς τὰς ῥῖνας ἀνέλκοντα τὸ π</b>. they <b class="b2">sob . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hebd.</span>51</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> pl., of the air imagined as filling the veins, <b class="b3">πνευμάτων ἀπολήψιες ἀνὰ φλέβας</b> Id.<b class="b2">Acut.(Sp.)</b><span class="bibl">7</span>,al. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">flatulence</b>, in pl., <span class="bibl">Eub.107.9</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span> 948b25</span>, Dsc.2.112, <span class="bibl">D.L.6.94</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">breath of life</b>, π. ζωῆς <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ge.</span>6.17</span>, <span class="bibl">7.15</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Per.</span>13</span>,etc.; <b class="b3">π. ἔχειν</b> retain <b class="b2">life</b>, <span class="bibl">Plb.31.10.4</span>; <b class="b2">living being</b>, ἐγὼ Νίνος πάλαι ποτ' ἐγενόμην π. <span class="bibl">Phoen.1.16</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ π. πάντα βρότεια σοὶ</b> (sc. <b class="b3">Πλούτωνι</b>) νέμεται; <span class="title">IG</span>14.769 (Naples). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b2">that which is breathed forth</b> or <b class="b2">exhaled, odour</b>, ὦ θεῖον ὀδμῆς π. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1391</span>; <b class="b3">π. βαρὺ ἀφιεῖσα</b>, of a tree, Plu.2.647b. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">6</span> Gramm., <b class="b2">breathing with which a vowel is pronounced</b>, ib. 1009e (pl.), <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Adv.</span>147.18</span>; <b class="b3">π. δασύ, ψιλόν</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pron.</span> 78.6</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Adv.</span>148.9</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">divine inspiration</b>, ἄγρια . . πνεύματα θευφορίης <span class="title">AP</span>6.220.4 (Diosc.); εἰ μή τι θεῖον . . ἐνῆν π. τῇ ψυχῇ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ax.</span>370c</span>; τὸ ἱερὸν καὶ δαιμόνιον ἐν μούσαις π. Plu.2.605a; καθαρὸν δίκαιον . . π. θεοῦ σωτῆρος <span class="title">BMus.Inscr.</span>1062(Cyrene, ii A. D.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> the <b class="b2">spirit</b> of God, π. θεοῦ <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ge.</span>1.2</span>, etc.: freq. in <b class="b2">NT</b>, τὸ π. τὸ ἅγιον <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Marc.</span>3.29</span>,al. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">spirit</b> of man, εἴτ' ἐστὶ τοῦτο π. θεῖον εἴτε νοῦς <span class="bibl">Men.482.3</span>: in <b class="b2">NT</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ψυχή</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Thess.</span>5.23</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Rom.</span>8.2</span>; <b class="b3">τῷ π</b>., opp. <b class="b3">τῷ σώματι</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Cor.</span>5.3</span>; also, opp. <b class="b3">γράμμα</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Rom.</span>2.29</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b2">spiritual</b> or <b class="b2">immaterial being, angel</b>, Ep.Hebr.1.14, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Apoc.</span>1.4</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ ἄχραντα π., τὰ</b> <b class="b3">κακὰ π</b>., <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">Myst.</span>3.31</span>; <b class="b3">π. πονηρόν, ψευδές</b>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Jd.</span>9.23</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">3 Ki.</span>22.21</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>19.12</span>, <span class="bibl">15</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Apoc.</span>16.14</span>, Porph. ap. <span class="bibl">Eus.<span class="title">PE</span>4.23</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἀλάλου καὶ κακοῦ π. οὖσα πλήρης</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἡ Πυθία</b>) Plu.2.438b. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">VI</span> Rhet., <b class="b2">sentence declaimed in one breath</b>, <span class="bibl">Hermog.<span class="title">Inv.</span>3.10</span>,<span class="bibl">4.4</span>,al.</span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0640.png Seite 640]] τό, <b class="b2">Hauch, Wind</b>, Luft; zuerst bei Her., ἀνέμων, 7, 61; das Schnauben der Rosse, Aesch. Spt. 446; λύσσης πνεύματι μάργῳ, Prom. 886; auch [[σάλπιγξ]] βροτείου πνεύματος πληρουμένη, Eum. 538; u. vom Hauche des Windes, Prom. 1049 Pers. 110; der Lebensathem, σωθεὶς δὲ πνεῦμ' ἀπώλεσεν, Spt. 966; auch, wie aura, Gunst, δέξαιθ' ἱκέτην τὸν θηλυγενῆ στόλον αἰδοίῳ πνεύματι χώρας, Suppl. 29; vgl. Soph. O. C. 618; ὀξυτόνου διὰ πνεύματος, Soph. Phil. 1082, u. öfter vom Winde, ἐπεὶ ἀφῆκε πνεῦμα, Eur. Hec. 571; πνεῦμ' ἀνεὶς ἐκ πνευμόνων, Or. 277, u. öfter; [[πνεῦμα]] λεῖον καὶ καθεστηκός, Ar. Ran. 1001; u. in Prosa, Athem. πνεῦμα ἄτοπον καὶ δυσῶδες ἠφίει, Thuc. 2, 49; τὰς τοῦ πνεύματος διεξόδους ἀποφράττον, Plat. Tim. 91 c; πότερον τὸ [[πνεῦμα]] ψυχρὸν φήσομεν, Theaet. 152 b, u. öfter; auch = Wind, κονιορτοῦ ὑπὸ πνεύματος φερομένου, Rep. VI, 496 d; ἡ βία τοῦ πνεύματος, [[πνεῦμα]] ἆντίον, Pol. 1, 44, 4. 60, 6; τὸ [[πνεῦμα]] ἔχειν διά τινα, d. i. Einem sein Leben verdanken, 31, 18, 4 u. Sp., wie Plut. u. Luc.; ἀφῆκε τὸ [[πνεῦμα]], N. T., er gab seinen Geist auf; – τὸ [[πνεῦμα]] ἄνω ἔχειν, außer Athem sein, auch τὸ [[πνεῦμα]] γίγνεται ἄνω, Mein. Men. p. 12; Epicrat. bei Poll. 9, 57; eben so μετέωρον [[πνεῦμα]], Hippocr., Athemlosigkeit, wobei der Athem oben am Ende der Luftröhre zu sitzen scheint. Auch belebtes Wesen, ἐγὼ Νίνος [[πάλαι]] ποτ' ἐγενόμην [[πνεῦμα]], νῦν δ' οὐκέτ' [[οὐδέν]], ἀλλὰ γῆ πεποίημαι, Phoenix Coloph. bei Ath. XII, 530 f. – Im plur., Athemzüge, Medic. – In der Jägersprache, die Witterung des Wildes. – Bei den Gramm. das Hauchzeichen, spiritus. | |||
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Revision as of 19:49, 2 August 2017
English (LSJ)
ατος, τό, (πνέω)
A blast, wind, first in Anaximen.2, ὅλον τὸν κόσμον π. καὶ ἀὴρ περιέχει: freq. in Trag., etc., ἀνέμων πνεύματα πάντων A.Pr.1086 (anap.), cf. 1047 (anap.); θαλάσσας . . πνεύματι λάβρῳ Id.Pers.110(lyr.); πνευμάτων ἐπομβρίᾳ Id.Fr.300.3; τέως δὲ κούφοις πνεύμασιν βόσκου S.Aj.558; πνεύμασιν θαλασσίοις ἐξωσθέντες E.Cyc. 278 (but πνοή is commoner in Poets; Hom. uses πνοιή) ; πνεύματα ἀνέμων Hdt.7.16.ά; τὸ π. κατῄει Th.2.84; κατὰ πρύμναν ἵσταται τὸ π. ib.97; τὸ π. λεῖον καὶ καθεστηκὸς λαβεῖν Ar.Ra.1003; τὸ π. ἔλαττον γίγνεται Id.Eq.441; εἰ φορὸν π. εἴη X.HG6.2.27; κατὰ πνεῦμα στῆναι τοῦ ἄρρενος to leeward of him, Arist.HA560b14; but κατὰ π. προσιόντες down wind, ib.535a19; πνεύματος ἀνείλησις, ἐκπύρωσις, Epicur. Ep.2pp.44,45 U.; as an element, air, Corp.Herm.1.9, 16; τὸ π. τὸ περὶ τὴν ψυχήν Plot.2.2.2, cf. Porph.Sent.29. 2 metaph., θαλερωτέρῳ π. with more genial breeze or influence, A.Th.708(lyr.); λύσσης π. μάργῳ Id.Pr.884(anap.); αἰδοίῳ π. χώρας with air or spirit of respect on the part of the country, Id.Supp.29(anap.); π. ταὐτὸν οὔποτ' . . ἐν ἀνδράσιν φίλοις βέβηκεν the wind is constantly changing even among friends, S.OC612; π. συμφορᾶς E.IT1317; ὅταν θεοῦ σοι π. μεταβαλὸν τύχῃ Id.HF216. II breathed air, breath, σάλπιγξ βροτείου πνεύματος πληρουμένη A.Eu.568; αὐλῶν, λωτοῦ π., E.Ba.128(lyr.), Ph.787 (lyr., pl.); π. ἀπέρρηξεν βίου the breath of life, A.Pers.507; π. ἀπώλεσεν Id.Th.984 (lyr.); π. ἄθροισον collect breath, E.Ph.851; π. ἀφεῖναι, ἀνεῖναι, μεθεῖναι, to give up the ghost, Id.Hec.571, Or.277, Tr.785 (anap.); π. δειμαίνων λιπεῖν Id.Supp.554; π. . . δυσῶδες ἠφίει Th.2.49; πνεύματος διαρροαί the wind-pipe, E.Hec.567; τὰς τοῦ π. διεξόδους ἀποφράττον Pl.Ti.91c (v. πνεύμων) ; πνεύματος ῥώμη Plu.2.804b: prov., ἄνθρωπός ἐστι π. καὶ σκιὰ μόνον S.Fr.13. 2 breathing, respiration, freq. in Hp., π. πυκνόν, ἀραιόν, ἐκτεῖνον, κατεπεῖγον, Epid.2.3.7; π. πυκνότερον Acut.16; π. προσκόπτον checked, difficult breathing, Aph.4.68; π. ἄσημον indistinct, feeble breathing, Epid.6.7.8; π. βηχῶδες Coac.622; π. μετέωρον shallow breathing, Epid.2.3.1; τὸ π. ἔχειν ἄνω to be out of breath, Men.23, cf. Sosicr.1; τὸ π. ἀνήνεγκαν recovered their breath, Hp.Prorrh.2.12 (so without τὸ π. Aph.2.43); but ἀναφέρουσιν . . κλαίοντά τε καὶ ἐς τὰς ῥῖνας ἀνέλκοντα τὸ π. they sob . ., Id.Hebd.51. b pl., of the air imagined as filling the veins, πνευμάτων ἀπολήψιες ἀνὰ φλέβας Id.Acut.(Sp.)7,al. 3 flatulence, in pl., Eub.107.9, Arist.Pr. 948b25, Dsc.2.112, D.L.6.94. 4 breath of life, π. ζωῆς LXXGe.6.17, 7.15, cf. Plu.Per.13,etc.; π. ἔχειν retain life, Plb.31.10.4; living being, ἐγὼ Νίνος πάλαι ποτ' ἐγενόμην π. Phoen.1.16; οὐ π. πάντα βρότεια σοὶ (sc. Πλούτωνι) νέμεται; IG14.769 (Naples). 5 that which is breathed forth or exhaled, odour, ὦ θεῖον ὀδμῆς π. E.Hipp.1391; π. βαρὺ ἀφιεῖσα, of a tree, Plu.2.647b. 6 Gramm., breathing with which a vowel is pronounced, ib. 1009e (pl.), A.D.Adv.147.18; π. δασύ, ψιλόν, Id.Pron. 78.6, Adv.148.9. III divine inspiration, ἄγρια . . πνεύματα θευφορίης AP6.220.4 (Diosc.); εἰ μή τι θεῖον . . ἐνῆν π. τῇ ψυχῇ Pl.Ax.370c; τὸ ἱερὸν καὶ δαιμόνιον ἐν μούσαις π. Plu.2.605a; καθαρὸν δίκαιον . . π. θεοῦ σωτῆρος BMus.Inscr.1062(Cyrene, ii A. D.). IV the spirit of God, π. θεοῦ LXXGe.1.2, etc.: freq. in NT, τὸ π. τὸ ἅγιον Ev.Marc.3.29,al. 2 spirit of man, εἴτ' ἐστὶ τοῦτο π. θεῖον εἴτε νοῦς Men.482.3: in NT, opp. ψυχή, 1 Ep.Thess.5.23, cf. Ep.Rom.8.2; τῷ π., opp. τῷ σώματι, 1 Ep.Cor.5.3; also, opp. γράμμα, Ep.Rom.2.29. V spiritual or immaterial being, angel, Ep.Hebr.1.14, Apoc.1.4; τὰ ἄχραντα π., τὰ κακὰ π., Iamb.Myst.3.31; π. πονηρόν, ψευδές, LXX Jd.9.23, 3 Ki.22.21, cf. Act.Ap.19.12, 15, Apoc.16.14, Porph. ap. Eus.PE4.23, etc.; ἀλάλου καὶ κακοῦ π. οὖσα πλήρης (sc. ἡ Πυθία) Plu.2.438b. VI Rhet., sentence declaimed in one breath, Hermog.Inv.3.10,4.4,al.
German (Pape)
[Seite 640] τό, Hauch, Wind, Luft; zuerst bei Her., ἀνέμων, 7, 61; das Schnauben der Rosse, Aesch. Spt. 446; λύσσης πνεύματι μάργῳ, Prom. 886; auch σάλπιγξ βροτείου πνεύματος πληρουμένη, Eum. 538; u. vom Hauche des Windes, Prom. 1049 Pers. 110; der Lebensathem, σωθεὶς δὲ πνεῦμ' ἀπώλεσεν, Spt. 966; auch, wie aura, Gunst, δέξαιθ' ἱκέτην τὸν θηλυγενῆ στόλον αἰδοίῳ πνεύματι χώρας, Suppl. 29; vgl. Soph. O. C. 618; ὀξυτόνου διὰ πνεύματος, Soph. Phil. 1082, u. öfter vom Winde, ἐπεὶ ἀφῆκε πνεῦμα, Eur. Hec. 571; πνεῦμ' ἀνεὶς ἐκ πνευμόνων, Or. 277, u. öfter; πνεῦμα λεῖον καὶ καθεστηκός, Ar. Ran. 1001; u. in Prosa, Athem. πνεῦμα ἄτοπον καὶ δυσῶδες ἠφίει, Thuc. 2, 49; τὰς τοῦ πνεύματος διεξόδους ἀποφράττον, Plat. Tim. 91 c; πότερον τὸ πνεῦμα ψυχρὸν φήσομεν, Theaet. 152 b, u. öfter; auch = Wind, κονιορτοῦ ὑπὸ πνεύματος φερομένου, Rep. VI, 496 d; ἡ βία τοῦ πνεύματος, πνεῦμα ἆντίον, Pol. 1, 44, 4. 60, 6; τὸ πνεῦμα ἔχειν διά τινα, d. i. Einem sein Leben verdanken, 31, 18, 4 u. Sp., wie Plut. u. Luc.; ἀφῆκε τὸ πνεῦμα, N. T., er gab seinen Geist auf; – τὸ πνεῦμα ἄνω ἔχειν, außer Athem sein, auch τὸ πνεῦμα γίγνεται ἄνω, Mein. Men. p. 12; Epicrat. bei Poll. 9, 57; eben so μετέωρον πνεῦμα, Hippocr., Athemlosigkeit, wobei der Athem oben am Ende der Luftröhre zu sitzen scheint. Auch belebtes Wesen, ἐγὼ Νίνος πάλαι ποτ' ἐγενόμην πνεῦμα, νῦν δ' οὐκέτ' οὐδέν, ἀλλὰ γῆ πεποίημαι, Phoenix Coloph. bei Ath. XII, 530 f. – Im plur., Athemzüge, Medic. – In der Jägersprache, die Witterung des Wildes. – Bei den Gramm. das Hauchzeichen, spiritus.
