οὐδέ

English (LSJ)

neg. Particle, related to μηδέ as οὐ to μή, partly Conj., partly Adv.:    A CONJUNCTION, but not, mostly answering to μέν (sts. written divisim), Il.5.138, 24.418; without μέν, 5.21, etc.: sts. the first οὐδέ, but not, is folld. by οὐδέ, nor, ἄλλοις μὲν πᾶσιν ἑήνδανεν, οὐδέ ποθ' Ἥρῃ, οὐδὲ Ποσειδάων', οὐδὲ γλαυκώπιδι κούρῃ 24.25.    II more freq. and not, nor: sts. without a neg. preceding, Κίρκη δ' ὡς ἐνόησεν ἔμ' ἥμενον, οὐδ' ἐπὶ σίτῳ χεῖρας ἰάλλοντα Od.10.375; τραχὺς μόναρχος οὐδ' ὑπεύθυνος A.Pr.326, cf. 102,259,al.; δεινὸν γάρ, οὐδὲ ῥητόν S.Ph.756, cf.996, OT398, 868(lyr.), Hdt.1.97, etc.: after a neg. compd., ὃν ἠτίμησ' Ἀγαμέμνων, οὐδ' ἀπέλυσε θύγατρα Il.1.95; ἀνήμεροι γὰρ οὐδὲ πρόσπλατοι ξένοις A.Pr.716; ἄστιπτος οὐδ' οἰκουμένη S.Ph.2; ἄθικτος οὐδ' οἰκητός Id.OC39.    2 with a neg. preceding, nor, βρώμης δ' οὐχ ἅπτεαι οὐ. ποτῆτος Od.10.379; οὐκέτισοὶ . . μένος ἔμπεδον οὐ. τις ἀλκή 22.226; οὐκ ἔχων βάσιν οὐ. τιν' ἐγχώρων S.Ph.692 (lyr.), cf. 681 (lyr.), 905,955, X.Oec.20.2, etc.: sts. the preceding neg. is itself οὐδέ, = and not, as in Od.22.222; οὐδέ, = nor may be repeated any number of times, e.g. three times in S.OT1378.—Sts. the neg. follows the whole word-group instead of preceding it, σιδήρῳ δὲ οὐδ' ἀργύρῳ χρέωνται οὐδέν but iron or silver use they not at all, Hdt. 1.215; Θεσσαλοῦ μὲν οὐδ' Ἱππάρχου οὐδεὶς παῖς Th.6.55; ἁπλοῦν μὲν οὐ. δίκαιον οὐδὲν ἂν εἰπεῖν ἔχοι D.22.4: but οὐδὲ . . οὐδέ never means neither . . nor (like οὔτε . . οὔτε); where this combination occurs, the first οὐδέ is used without reference to the second, e.g. καὶ μὴν οὐδ' ἡ ἐπιτείχισις οὐδὲ τὸ ναυτικὸν ἄξιον φοβηθῆναι and moreover we have no reason to fear their fortifications, nor yet their navy, Th.1.142.    III οὐδέ may also follow οὔτε, by an anacoluth., as in τε... δέ . . (v. οὔτε 11.3); but οὔτε cannot follow οὐδέ.—Cf. μηδέ A. 2.    B ADVERB, not even, in Hom. mostly with Advbs., οὐδ' ῃβαιόν not even a little, no not a bit, not at all, Il.2.386; οὐ. τυτθόν 1.354; οὐ. μίνυνθα 20.27; so also ἐπεὶ οὔ οἱ ἔνι φρένες οὐδ' ἠβαιαί he has no sense, no not even a little, 14.141, cf. Od.21.288; τότε μὲν εὖ ζῶντες, νῦν δὲ οὐ. ζῶντες Pl.R.329a: freq. in Att., τούτῳ μὲν οὐ. διελέγετο he did not even exchange words with him, Lys.3.31, cf. Ar.Nu.425; οὐδ', εἰ γέγονεν, οἶδα D.18.70, etc.: in the same sense, οὐ. γ' Pl.Phd. 97a, 97b, 106b; οὐ. γ' αὖ Id.R.499a; οὐ. μήν X.Cyr.3.3.50, etc.; Ep. οὐ. μέν Il.9.374, etc.: in Att. freq. with εἷς (whence οὐδείς), οὐδ' ἂν εἷς θύσειεν Ar.Pl.137: sts. without elision, οὐδὲ εἷς ib.1182, Herod.1.45; οὐκ ἄλλ' οὐ. ἕν Ar.Pl.138, cf. Ra.927; also οὐ. καθ' ἕν Th.2.87; οὐ. παρ' ἑνός X.Cyr.2.3.10, etc.—This οὐδέ freq. follows καί, and not even, καὶ οὐδ' αὐτοὶ αὖ μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ . . Th.7.56, cf. X.An.3.2.4, etc.; also ἀλλ' οὐδέ, most freq. in phrase ἀλλ' οὐδ' ὧς . . Il.7.263,9.351, etc.    II also not, not . . either, nor yet... ὁ δίκαιος τοῦ δικαίου δοκεῖ τί σοι ἂν ἐθέλειν πλέον ἔχειν; Answ. οὐδαμῶς . . ; Qu. τί δέ; τῆς δικαίας πράξεως; Answ. οὐ. τῆς δικαίας Pl.R.349b, cf. Ap.19d,21d, X.Mem.3.11.4.    C Repetition of οὐδέ and combination with οὐ:    I in Relat. as well as antec. clause, ὥσπερ οὐδ' ηὔχετο, οὐδ' ᾤετο Pl.Alc.2.141a, cf. X.Cyr.1.6.18.    II οὐ γὰρ οὐδέ, as ἀλλ' οὐ γὰρ οὐ. νουθετεῖν ἔξεστί σε S.El.595, cf. Aj.1242, OT287, etc.; οὐ. γὰρ οὐ. Il.5.22, 6.130, Od.8.32, Hdt.4.16, etc.; οὐ. μὲν οὐ. Il.2.703, etc.; οὐ μὰν οὐ. 23.441, etc.; cf. οὐ c.