Boeotia

English > Greek (Woodhouse)

Βοιωτία, ἡ (-οι, sometimes scanned as short).

A Boeotian: Βοιωτός, ὁ.

Boeotian, adj.: Βοιώτιος (-οι, sometimes scanned as short). Fem. adj., Βοιωτίς, -ίδος (Xen.).

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

Boeōtĭa: ae, f., = Βοιωτἰα.
I Bœotia, a district of Greece proper, whose capital was Thebes, the birthplace of Bacchus and Hercules, Plin. 4, 7, 12, § 25; Cic. N. D. 3, 19, 49; Ov. M. 2, 239; Mel. 2, 3, 4; acc. to fable, so called either after Apollo's cow (Βοῦς), Ov. M. 3, 13, or from Bœotus, the son of Neptune, Hyg. Fab. 186.—Its inhabitants were noted for their stupidity, Cic. Fat. 4; Nep. Alcib. 11, 3; id. Epam. 5, 2; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 244; Liv. 42, 43 sqq.; Tert. Anim. c. 20; cf. the Comm. upon Aelian. Var. H. 13, 25; Schol. Apoll. Rhod. Argon. 3, 1241.—
   B Derivv.
   1    Boeōtĭus, a, um, adj., = Βοιώτιος, Bœotian: Bacis, Cic. Div. 1, 18, 34: vates, id. ib. 2, 26, 56: Neo, Liv. 44, 43, 6: Haemon, Prop. 2, 8, 21: moenia = Thebae, Ov. M. 3, 13: Thyas, Val. Fl. 5, 80.—In plur.: Boeōtii, ōrum, m., the Bœotians, Nep. Alcib. 11, 3; Liv. 33, 1, 1; Plin. 10, 21, 24, § 49.—
   2    Boeōtus, a, um, adj., = Βοιωτός, Bœotian (poet.): tellus = Boeotia, Ov. M. 12, 9: flumina, Stat. Th. 7, 424: urbes, id. ib. 4, 360: duces, Luc. 3, 174: Orion, Ov. F. 5, 493.—In plur.: Boeōti, ōrum, m., the Bœotians, Liv. 33, 29, 1 sq.; 42, 43, 5 sq. al.: Boeotūm = Boeotorum, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 244; Avien. Orb. Terr. 586; Prisc. Perieg. 428.—
   3    Boeōtĭcus, a, um, adj., = Βοιωτικός, Bœotian: frumentum, Plin. 18, 7, 12, § 66: cucumis, id. 19, 5, 23, § 68: napus, id. 19, 5, 25, § 76.—
   4    Boeōtis, ĭdis, f., = Βοιωτίς = Bœotia, Mel. 2, 3, 4.—
II The wife of Hyas, and mother of the Pleiades, Hyg. Astr. 2, 21.—
III The Bœotian woman, the name of a lost comedy of Plautus, Gell. 3, 3, 3.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

(1) Bœōtĭa,¹² æ, f. Béotie [province de la Grèce] : Cic. Nat. 3, 49 || épouse d’Hyas, mère des Pléiades : Hyg. Astr. 2, 21 || -tĭcus, ou -tĭus, ou -tus, a, um, de Béotie, Béotien : Liv. 42, 44, 6 ; Cic. Div. 1, 74 ; Stat. Th. 4, 360 || -tī, ōrum, m., Varro ; Nep. Epam. 8, 3 ; Liv., ou -tĭī, Cic. Pis. 86 ; 96, Béotiens.
(2) Bœōtĭa, æ, f., mère des Pléiades : Hyg. Astr. 2, 21.

Wikipedia EN

Boeotia, sometimes alternatively Latinised as Boiotia, or Beotia (/biˈoʊʃiə, -ʃə/; Greek: Βοιωτία, Modern Greek:, Ancient Greek:; modern transliteration Voiotía, also Viotía, formerly Cadmeis), is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Central Greece. Its capital is Livadeia, and its largest city is Thebes.

Boeotia was also a region of ancient Greece, since before the 6th century BC.

Boeotia lies to the north of the eastern part of the Gulf of Corinth. It also has a short coastline on the Gulf of Euboea. It bordered on Megaris (now West Attica) in the south, Attica in the southeast, Euboea in the northeast, Opuntian Locris (now part of Phthiotis) in the north and Phocis in the west.

The main mountain ranges of Boeotia are Mount Parnassus in the west, Mount Helicon in the southwest, Cithaeron in the south and Parnitha in the east. Its longest river, the Cephissus, flows in the central part, where most of the low-lying areas of Boeotia are found.

Lake Copais was a large lake in the center of Boeotia. It was drained in the 19th century. Lake Yliki is a large lake near Thebes.

The earliest inhabitants of Boeotia, associated with the city of Orchomenus, were called Minyans. Pausanias mentions that Minyans established the maritime Ionian city of Teos, and occupied the islands of Lemnos and Thera. The Argonauts were sometimes referred to as Minyans. Also, according to legend the citizens of Thebes paid an annual tribute to their king Erginus. The Minyans may have been proto-Greek speakers, but although most scholars today agree that the Mycenean Greeks descended from the Minyans of the Middle Helladic period, they believe that the progenitors and founders of Minyan culture were an autochthonous group. The early wealth and power of Boeotia is shown by the reputation and visible Mycenean remains of several of its cities, especially Orchomenus and Thebes.

The origin of the name "Boeotians" may lie in the mountain Boeon in Epirus.

Some toponyms and the common Aeolic dialect indicate that the Boeotians were related to the Thessalians. Traditionally, the Boeotians are said to have originally occupied Thessaly, the largest fertile plain in Greece, and to have been dispossessed by the north-western Thessalians two generations after the Fall of Troy (1200 BC). They moved south and settled in another rich plain, while others filtered across the Aegean and settled on Lesbos and in Aeolis in Asia Minor. Others are said to have stayed in Thessaly, withdrawing into the hill country and becoming the perioikoi, ("dwellers around").

Though far from Anthela, which lay on the coast of Malis south of Thessaly in the locality of Thermopylae, Boeotia was an early member of the oldest religious Amphictyonic League (Anthelian) because her people had originally lived in Thessaly.