ἐπιβάλλω

English (LSJ)

   I. trans., throw or cast upon, θριξὶ... ἃς ἐπέβαλλον (sc. πυρί) Il.23.135; ἐπὶ δὲ χλαῖναν βάλεν αὐτῷ Od.14.520, cf. 4.440; ἑωυτὸν ἐς τὸ πῦρ v.l. in Hdt.7.107; φάρη κόραις E.El.1221 (lyr.); ἐ. τινὰς ἐπὶ ἁμάξας Th.4.48, cf.Hdt.4.75,5.112; ἐπιβάλλοντας (sc. χοῦν) throwing on more and more, Th.2.76.    2. lay on, [ἡμιόνοις] ἐπέβαλλεν ἱμάσθλην Od.6.320; ἐ. πληγάς τινι X.Lac.2.8; Ζεὺς ἐπὶ χεῖρα βάλοι A.Ch.395 (lyr.), cf.Ar.Nu.933 (anap.); ἐ.τὴν χεῖρά τινι Id.Lys. 440 (but τῷ καρπῷ τοῦ νοσοῦντος τὴν χεῖρα, of feeling the pulse, Gal. 18(2).40; so τὴν ἁφήν Id.8.821, Marcellin. Puls.119); τὰς χεῖρας τοῖς κατ' Αἴγαιον Plb.3.2.8; Ῥωμαίοις Id.18.51.8; ἐπί τινα Ev.Matt.26.50; impose as a tax tribute, τινί τι Hdt.1.106, Th.8.108; as a fine or penalty, ζημίην, φυγὴν ἐ. τινί, Hdt.6.92 (Pass.), 7.3; ἀργύριον Lys.9.6; ἐπιβολάς Id.20.14, cf. Arist.Ath.61.2; λύτρα LXX Ex.21.30 (Pass.); inflict, θνατοῖς ἐ. ἀνάλγητα, λύπην, etc., S.Tr.128 (lyr.), E.Med.1115 (anap.), etc.    3. ἐ. σφρηγῖδα, δακτύλιον, affix a seal, Hdt.3.128, 2.38; σφραγῖδ' ἐπί τι Ar.Av.559; σύμβολόν τινι ib.1215.    4. add, contribute, μικρὸν [ἀληθεία] Arist.Metaph.993b2; ἐ. ἐπὶ τὸ ὕδωρ Thphr.Ign.49; νέον [φῶς] Pl.Cra.409b: metaph., throw in, mention, τι dub. in S.El.1246 (lyr.) (in Med., "χαίρειν τεοῖς προθύροις ἐπιβάλλομαι Theoc.23.27); Φαῖστος . . ἐπιβάλλων φησί Sch.Pi.P.4.28: abs., bid higher, Arist.Pol.1259a14.    5. place next in order, Plb.1.26.15.    6. let grow, κλήματα Thphr. HP4.13.5; βλαστούς ib.3.5.1.    7. let loose, πρόβατα ἐπὶ κνῆκον PRyl.69.6 (i B.C.).    8. causal of ἐπιβαίνω A. 111.3, D.Chr.7.134.    II. throw oneself upon, go straight towards, c. acc., ἡ δὲ Φεὰς ἐπέβαλλεν Od.15.297: later c. dat. loci, Plb.5.18.3, D.S.1.30, Plot.3.7.12, etc.; νήσοις Rhian.39; εἰς Ιταλίαν, ἐπὶ τὸν τόπον, Plb.2.24.17, 5.6.6, cf. PAmh.2.31.5 (ii B.C.), etc.    2. fall upon, ὅπου ἂν ὁ ἥλιος ἐ. Arist. HA598a3; esp. in hostile sense, set upon, c.dat., ib.623b1, etc.; τοῖσ' Αρβήλοις D.S.17.64: abs., ἐ.ληστρικῷ τρόπῳ PRyl.127.10 (i A.D.); ἐπιβάλλουσαι jostling, trampling, Pl.Phdr.248a; sens. obsc., Ar.Av.1216.    3. (sc. τὸν νοῦν) set to a thing, devote oneself to it, c. dat., M.Ant.10.30; τοῖς αὐλοῖς D.S.3.59; τοῖς κοινοῖς πράγμασιν Plu.Cic.4 (in full τὴν διάνοιαν ἐ. πρός τι D.S.20.43): generally, give one's attention to, think on, Ev.Marc. 14.72.    b. apprehend, Epicur. Fr.423; attain by intuition, c.dat., Dam.Pr.54.    4. fall in one's way, ὅταν ἐπιβάλλῃ περὶ τῆς τοιαύτηςπολιτείας ἡ σκέψις Arist.Pol.1266a25; κατὰ τὸν ἐπιβάλλοντα λόγον Id.GA716a3.    5. follow, come next, Plb.11.23.2; τισί Plu.Aem. 33; ἐφ' ὃν ἐπιβαλὼν ἔφη said thereupon, Plb.1.80.1; interrupt, ἀποκρινομένῳ Thphr.Char.7.2.    6. belong to, fall to the share of, μόριον ὅσον αὐτοῖσι ἐπέβαλλε Hdt.7.23, cf. Diph.43.16; εἰ μὴ τὸ ὅλον, μέρος γε, ἐπιβάλλει τῆς βλασφημίας ἅπασι D.18.272; ὅσον ἐπιβάλλει αὐτοῖς Arist.Pol.1260a19; ἑκάστῳ τῆς εὐδαιμονίας ἐπιβάλλει τοσοῦτον ὅσονπερ ἀρετῆς ib.1323b21; τῶν κτημάτων τὸ ἐπιβάλλον (sc. μέρος) the portion that falls to one, Hdt.4.115, cf. LXX To.3.17,6.12; so τὸ ἐ. ἐφ' ἡμᾶς μέρος D.18.254; τὸ ἐ. μέρος τῆς οὐσίας Ev.Luc.15.12, cf. PGrenf. 1.33.33 (ii B.C.), etc.; fall due, of payments, PLond.1.3.21 (ii B.C.); τόκον ὃν ἔφη ἐπιβάλλειν αὑτῷ which was payable by him, BCH6.21 (Delos, ii B.C.).    b. part. ἐπιβάλλων, in Law, next-of-kin, ὁ ἐ., οἱ ἐ., Leg.Gort.7.36, 11.42, al.    7. impers. c. acc. et inf., τοὺς Δελφοὺς δὴ ἐπέβαλλε . . παρασχεῖν it concerned them to provide, Hdt.2.180: or c. dat. et inf., ἐπιβάλλει τινὶ ποιεῖν τι Chrysipp.Stoic.2.39,al., Plb.18.51.1; ἐπιβάλλοντος ἡμῖν εὐεργετικοῖς εἶναι Corn.ND15; κοινῇ πᾶσιν ἐπιβάλλει UPZ112.10 (ii B.C.); καθότι ἐπέβαλλεν ἀνδρὶ καλῷ καὶ ἀγαθῷ IG12(7).231.5 (Amorgos): freq. in part., ἐπιβάλλουσαν ἡγεῖσθαι τὴν στρατείαν τινί incumbent upon.., Teles p.61 H.; τὸ ἐπιβάλλον Cleanth.Stoic.1.128, Arr.Epict.2.11.3, etc.; τὰς -ούσας τάσεις τῆς φωνῆς Chrysipp.Stoic.2.96; τὸ τῇ φύσει ἐ. Antip.Stoic.3.255; appropriate, ὑποδοχαί Telesp.41 H.; ἰήματα IG22.1121.15; ἁρμονία Iamb.Comm. Math.30; ἡ στέρησις ἐπιβάλλοντός ἐστι παρεῖναι εἴδους τινός a specific form which ought to be present, Plot.1.8.11.    8. shut to, close, of the larynx, Arist.PA664b26.    9. in Logic, λόγοι ἐπιβάλλοντες, -όμενοι, overlapping and overlapped, of syllogisms in a sorites, Chrysipp.Stoic.2.85; so of Time, ἐπέβαλε τοῖς χρόνοις Ἰουλιανῷ Eun.VS p.497 B.:—Med., γηραιῷ τῷ Κυρηναίῳ ἐπεβάλετο Anon. Intr.Arat. p.326M.    10. in Alchemy, make a `projection' (cf. ἐπιβολή), Syn.Alch.p.68B.    III. Med., mostly like the intr. usages, but also:    1. c. gen., throw oneself upon, desire eagerly, ἐνάρων ἐπιβαλλόμενος Il.6.68; παρθενίας ἐπιβάλλομαι Sapph.102; τοῦ εὖ ζῆν ἐπιβάλλονται Arist.Pol.1258a3.    2. c. acc., put upon oneself, ἐπιβαλλομέναν . . πλόκον ἀνθέων E.Med.840; ἐπιβάλλεσθαι put on more wraps, Thphr. Char.2.10 (cf. IV. 1); ὕπνον ἡδὺν -όμενος D.Chr.12.51: metaph., take possession of, καὶ ἐπὶ κλήρους ἐβάλοντο Od.14.209; αὐθαίρετον δουλείαν ἐπιβαλεῖται will take upon himself, Th.6.40.    b. of trees, make fresh growth, Thphr. HP3.5.1.    3. c.acc., also, attempt, undertake, ἔργον Pl.Sph.264b, Ti.48c; μέθοδον Arist.Pol. 1260b36: c.inf., Decr. ap. D.18.164, Zeno Stoic.1.68, Plb.1.43.2, etc.: abs., πολλῶν -ημένων though many have made the attempt, Agatharch. 76.    4. c. dat., put one's hand to, ἐχέτλῃ AP7.650 (Phal.(?)): metaph., apply or devote oneself to, τόλμῃ καὶ πράξει Plb.5.81.1; ἐγχειρήματι μεγάλῳ D.H.5.25, etc.    5. arrive at, [πολίεσσι] Call.Del.68; ὅταν ἐπὶ τοὺς χρόνους ἐπιβαλώμεθα D.S.19.55.    6. ἐπὶ πᾶσι -εβάλοντο brought up the rear, Id.18.33.    IV. in Pass., lie upon, be put upon, ἐπιβεβλημένοι τοξόται archers with their arrows on the string, X.An.4.3.28, cf. 5.2.12; λάσιον ἐπιβεβλημένος having a rough cloak on, Theopomp.Com.36; τὸ ἐν ψύχει κεῖσθαι -ημένον Hp.Epid.2.3.1, cf. 6.4.14; διφθέραν -ημένη D.Chr.5.25.    2. to be set over, ὁ τελώνης ὁ ἐπιβεβλημένος τῷ Ζεύγματι Philostr. VA1.20.    3. Rhet., ornate (v. ἐπιβολή), ἰδέα λόγων οὔτ' ἐπιβεβλημένη οὔτ' αὖος Id.VS1.20.2.