εἶδος

English (LSJ)

εος, τό, (εἴδω A)

   A that which is seen: form, shape, freq. in Hom., of the human form or figure, esp. abs. in acc. with Adjs., εἶδος ἄριστος, ἀγητός, κακός, Il.3.39,5.787, 10.316; ἀλίγκιος ἀθανάτοισιν Od.8.174; opp. φρένες, 17.454; opp. βίη, Il.21.316; δευτέρα πεδ' Ἀγιδὼν τὸ εἶ. Alcm.23.58; τὸ εἶδος τῆς γυναικὸς ὑπερεπαινέων Hdt.1.8, etc.; appearance, of a dog, Od.17.308; ὄφιες ποικίλοι τὰ εἴδεα Hdt.3.107; εἴδεα [τῶν θεῶν] σημήναντες Id.2.53; γυνὴ τό γ' εἶδος Ar.Th.267: hence, periphr. for person, S.El.1177; τὸ ἐπ' εἴδει καλόν Pl.Smp.210b.    b esp. of beauty of person, comeliness, εἴδεος ἐπαμμένος Hdt.1.199; πλούτῳ καὶ εἴδει προφέρων Id.6.127.    c Medic., physique, habit of body, constitution, Hp.Nat.Hom.9, Hum.1: more freq. in pl., Id.Aër.3, al.; εἴδεα εὔχροά τε καὶ ἀνθηρά ib.5.    2 generally, shape, σχῆμα καὶ εἶδος Id.Off.3, cf. Mochl.6, etc.; pattern, of 'figurate' numbers, Arist. Ph.203a15; ἡ μονὰς εἶδος εἰδῶν τυγχάνει Theol.Ar.4, cf. 17; decorative pattern or figure, Plu. Them.29 (pl.); of a musical scale, τοῦ διὰ τεσσάρων τρία εἰδη Aristox.Harm.p.74 M. (identified with σχῆμα, ibid.): in pl., shapes, i.e. various kinds of atoms (cf. ἰδέα), Democr. ap. Thphr. Sens.51.    b Geom., δύο εἴδη τῷ εἴδει δεδομένα two figures given in species, Euc.Dat.53, etc.; esp. in central conics, rectangle formed by a transverse diameter and the corresponding parameter, Apollon.Perg. Con.1.14,21, al.; also, species of numbers, of the terms in an algebraical expression involving different powers of the unknown quantity, Dioph.Def.11.    II form, kind, or nature, τῶν ἀλλέων παιγνιέων τὰ εἴδεα Hdt.1.94; τὸ εἶ. τῆς νόσου Th.2.50, etc.; ἐν ἁρμονίας εἴδει εἶναι, γενέσθαι, to be or become like... Pl.Phd.91d, cf. Cra.394d; ὡς ἐν φαρμάκου εἴδει by way of medicine, Id.R.389b; νόμων ἔχει εἶδος is in the province of law, Arist.Pol.1286a3; situation, state of things, σκέψασθε ἐν οἵῳ εἴδει . . τοῦτο ἔπραξαν Th.3.62; plan of action, policy, ἐπὶ εἶδος τρέπεσθαι Id.6.77, 8.56; ἐπ' ἄλλ' εἶδος τρέπεσθαι take up another line, Ar.Pl.317; specific notion, meaning, idea, ἂν παρέχῃ τὸ ἓν εἶ. δύο ὀνόματα... περὶ ἑνὸς εἴδεος δύο ὀνόματα οὐ τὰ αὐτά Aen.Tact.24.1; department, Hp.VM12 (but also, elementary nature or quality, ib. 15); type, sort, πυρετῶν Id.Epid.3.12; αὐγῆς Id.Off.3, etc.: Rhet., style of writing, τὰ εἴδη τῶν λόγων Isoc.13.17, cf. Arist.Rh.Al. 1441b9 (pl.); later, definite literary form, Men.Rh.init., Procl.Chrest. p.243 W., EM295.52; also, example of a style, ὅλοις εἴδεσι Isoc.15.74; later, single poem, applied to Pindar's odes by Sch.; also, written statement, ἀναγνωσθέντος εἴδους PAmh.2.65.11 (ii A.D.), cf. PTeb.287.12 (ii A.D.).    III class, kind, πᾶν τὸ τῶν πίστεων εἶδος Isoc.15.280, cf. D.24.192: freq. in Pl., περὶ παντὸς τοῦ εἴδους . . ἐν ᾧ . . Tht. 178a; ἑνὶ εἴδει περιλαβεῖν ib.148d; εἰς ταὐτὸν ἐμπέπτωκεν εἶδος ib. 205d, etc.; logical species, Sph.235d; ἓν εἶδος ἀποχωρίζειν Plt.262e; τὰς διαφορὰς ὁπόσαιπερ ἐν εἴδεσι κεῖνται, ib.285b, al., cf. Arist.Metaph. 1057b7, al., Cat.2b7; as a subdivision of γένος, Id.Rh.1393a27; ἐπὶ τοῦ αὐτοῦ γένους πεύκη, εἴδει διαφέρουσα, Dsc.1.69.    2 = ἰδέα 11.2, Pl.Phd.103e, R.596a, Prm.132a, al., Arist.Metaph.990b9, al., etc.    3 form, opp. matter (ὕλη), Id.Ph.187a18, al., Metaph.1029a29: hence, formal cause, essence, ib.1032b1, etc.    IV in later Gr., wares of different kinds, goods, POxy.109.1 (iii/iv A.D.), PFay.34.7 (ii A.D.): hence, payments in kind, opp. χρυσίον, Just.Nov.17.8, cf. Cod.Just.1.4.18, al.; spices, Lyd.Mag.3.61; groceries, Anon.post Max.p.120 L.; εἶ. ἰατρικόν drug, Hsch. s.v. νίτρον, cf. Hippiatr.129.54 and v. ἑξάειδος, τετράειδος, τρίειδος; of a chemical reagent, Zos.Alch.p.205 B.