αὐτός

English (LSJ)

(Cret. ἀϝτός GDI4976, al.), αὐτή, αὐτό (also

   A αὐτόν Leg.Gort. 3.4, al.), reflexive Pron., self:—in oblique cases used for the personal Pron., him, her, it:—with Art., ὁ αὐτός, ἡ αὐτή, τὸ αὐτό (also ταὐτόν), etc., the very one, the same.    I self, myself, thyself, etc., acc. to the person of the Verb: freq. joined with ἐγώ, σύ, etc. (v. infr. 10),    1 one's true self, the soul, not the body, Od.11.602; reversely, body, not soul, Il.1.4; oneself, as opp. others who are less prominent, as king to subject, 6.18; Zeus to other gods, 8.4; bird to young, 2.317; man to wife and children, Od.14.265; warrior to horses, Il.2.466, or to weapons, 1.47; shepherd to herd, Od.9.167, cf. Il.1.51; Trojans to allies, 11.220; seamen to ships, 7.338: generally, whole to parts, ib.474; so later ἡ σίδη καὶ αὐτὴ καὶ τὰ φύλλα Thphr.HP4.10.7, cf. X.Ath.1.19, Pl.Grg. 511e, etc.; αὐτή τε Μανδάνη καὶ τὸν υἱὸν ἔχουσα X.Cyr.1.3.1; αὐ. τε καὶ τὰ ποιήματα βουλόμενος ἐπιδεῖξαι Pl.R.398a: abs., the Master, as in the Pythag. phrase Αὐτὸς ἔφα, Lat. Ipse dixit; so τίς οὗτος . . ;— Αὐτός, i.e. Socrates, Ar.Nu.218; ἀναβόησον Αὐτόν ib.219; ἀνοιγέτω τις δώματ'· Αὐτὸς ἔρχεται the Master, Id.Fr.268, cf. Pl.Prt.314d, Thphr.Char.2.4, Men.Sam.41: αὐ. ἀϋτεῖ Theoc.24.50: neut., αὐτὸ σημανεῖ the result will show, E.Ph.623; αὐτὸ δηλώσει D.19.157; αὐτὰ δηλοῖ Pl.Prt.329b; αὐτὸ διδάξει ib.324a; esp. αὐτὸ δείξει Cratin. 177, Pl.Hp.Ma.288b, cf. Tht.200e; in full, τάχ' αὐτὸ δείξει τοὔργον S.Fr.388; τοὔργον τάχ' αὐτὸ δείξει Ar.Lys.375; redupl., αὐτός θ' ὁ χρήσας αὐτὸς ἦν ὁ μαρτυρῶν A.Eu.798; of things, the very, ὑπὸ λόφον αὐτόν, i.e. just, exactly under... Il.13.615; πρὸς αὐταῖς ταῖς θύραις close by the door, Lys.12.12; αὐτὸ τὸ δέον the very thing needed, X. An.4.7.7; αὐτὸ ὃ μάλιστα ἔδει ῥηθῆναι Pl.R.362d; αὐτὸ τὸ περίορθρον the point of dawn, Th.2.3; αὐτὰ τὰ ἐναντία the very opposite, X.Mem. 4.5.7; αὐτὰ τὰ χρήσιμα καὶ ἀναγκαῖα D.H.Th.23; even, οὔ μοι μέλει ἄλγος οὔτ' αὐτῆς Ἑκάβης Il.6.451; εἴ περ ἂν αὐταὶ Μοῦσαι ἀείδοιεν 2.597.—In these senses αὐτός in Prose either precedes both the Art. and Subst., or follows both, e.g. αὐτὸς ὁ υἱός or ὁ υἱὸς αὐτός. The Art. is sts. omitted with proper names, or Nouns denoting individuals, αὐτὸς Μένων X.An.2.1.5; αὐτὸς βασιλεύς ib.1.7.11.    2 of oneself, of one's own accord, ἀλλά τις αὐ. ἴτω Il.17.254; σπεύδοντα καὶ αὐτὸν ὀτρύνεις 8.293; καταπαύσομεν· οἱ δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ παυέσθων Od.2.168; ἥξει γὰρ αὐτά S.OT341; also, in person, τῶν πραγμάτων ὑμῖν . . αὐτοῖς ἀντιληπτέον D.1.2.    3 by oneself or itself, alone, αὐτός περ ἐών although alone, Il.8.99; αὐτὸς ἐγείναο παῖδ', i.e. without a mother, 5.880, cf. Hes.Th.924; ἀνακομισθῆναι αὐτὸν ἐς Φάληρον by himself, Hdt.5.85; αὐτοὶ γάρ ἐσμεν we are by ourselves, i.e. among friends, Ar.Ach.504, cf. Th.472, Pl.Prm.137b, Herod.6.70, Plu.2.755c, Luc. DDeor.10.2; αὐτοῖς τοῖς ἀνδράσι . . ἢ καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις X.An.2.3.7; ἄνευ τοῦ σίτου τὸ ὄψον αὐτὸ ἐσθίειν Id.Mem.3.14.3; τὸν τρίβωνα ὃν αὐτὸν φορεῖ Thphr.Char.22.13 (prob.); αὐτὰ γὰρ ἔστιν ταῦτα these and no others, Emp.21.13, al.: strengthd., αὐτὸς κτήσατο οἶος himself alone, Od.14.450; αὐτὸς μόνος, v. μόνος II; αὐτὸς καθ' αὑτόν, v. ἑαυτοῦ.    4 in Philosophy, by or in itself, of an abstract concept or idea, δίκαιον αὐτό Pl.Phd.65d; αὐτὸ τὸ ἕν Id.Prm.143a, al., cf. Arist. Metaph.997b8: neut., αὐτό is freq. in this sense, attached to Nouns of all genders, οὐκ αὐτὸ δικαιοσύνην ἐπαινοῦντες ἀλλὰ τὰς ἀπ' αὐτῆς εὐδοκιμήσεις Pl.R.363a; less freq. with Art., τί ποτ' ἐστὶν αὐτὸ ἡ ἀρετή Id.Prt.360e; more fully, εἰ αὐτὸ τοῦτο πατέρα ἠρώτων, ἆρα ὁ πατήρ ἐστι πατήρ τινος, ἢ οὔ; Id.Smp.199d; ἀδελφός, αὐτὸ τοῦτο ὅπερ ἔστιν the ideal, abstract brother, ibid.e: later, in compos., αὐτοαγαθόν, αὐτοάνθρωπος, etc. (q. v.), cf. Arist.Metaph.1040b33; less freq. agreeing with the Subst., ἵνα αὐτὴ δικαιοσύνη πρὸς ἀδικίαν αὐτὴν κριθείη Pl.R. 612c, etc.; doubled, ἐκ τῆς εἰκόνος μανθάνειν αὐτήν τε αὐτήν, εἰ καλῶς εἴκασται its very self, Id.Cra.439a.    5 in dat. with Subst., in one, together, ἀνόρουσεν αὐτῇ σὺν φόρμιγγι he sprang up lyre in hand, Il.9.194; αὐτῇ σὺν πήληκι κάρη helmet and all, 14.498, cf. Od.13.118; αὐτῷ σὺν ἄγγει E.Ion 32, cf. Hipp.1213; also without σύν, αὐτῇ κεν γαίῃ ἐρύσαι Il.8.24: so freq. in Prose and Poetry, αὐτοῖς ἀνδράσι men and all, Hdt.6.93; αὐτοῖσι συμμάχοισι allies and all, A.Pr.223 (lyr.); αὐτοῖς μελάθροις διακναιομένους E.Med.164: with Art., αὐτοῖσι τοῖσι ἱματίοισι ἀπ' ὦν ἔβαψε ἑωυτόν Hdt.2.47; αὐτοῖσι τοῖς πόρπαξι Ar.Eq.849, etc.; αὐτοῖς τοῖς ἵπποις κατακρημνισθῆναι X.Cyr.1.4.7.    6 added to ordinal Numbers, e.g. πέμπτος αὐτός himself the fifth, i. e. himself with four others, Th.1.46, cf. 8.35, X.HG2.2.17, Apoc.17.11, etc.:—αὐτός always being the chief person.    7 freq. coupled with οὗτος, τοῦτ' αὐτό ἐστι τὸ ζητηθέν Pl.Plt.267c, etc.; αὐτὸ τοῦτο μόνον Id.Grg.500b; also λεγόντων ἄλλο μὲν οὐδέν . . αὐτὰ δὲ τάδε Th.1.139; πόλεις ἄλλας τε καὶ αὐτὸ τοῦτο τὸ Βυζάντιον X.An.7.1.27; ταῦτα ἥκω αὐτὰ ἵνα . . Pl.Prt.310e.    8 καὶ αὐτός himself too, Od.7.73, 14.45, X.An.5.5.9, etc.    9 repeated in apodosi for emphasis, αὐτὸς ἐπαγγειλάμενος σώσειν . . αὐτὸς ἀπώλεσεν Lys.12.68, cf. A.Fr.350, X.An.3.2.4.    10 in connexion with the person. Pron., ἐγὼν αὐτός Od.2.194; σέθεν αὐτοῦ Il.23.312; νωΐτερον αὐτῶν 15.39 (always divisim in Hom.); folld. by an enclit. Pron., αὐτόν μιν Od.4.244; so αὐτὸν γάρ σε δεῖ Προμηθέως A.Pr.86; also αὐτὸς ἔγωγε Pl.Phd.59b, etc.:— after Hom. in the oblique cases αὐτός coalesces with the Pron., ἐμαυτοῦ, σεαυτοῦ (these not in Alc. or Sapph., A.D.Pron.80.10 sqq.), ἑαυτοῦ, etc. (q. v.).    b with person. Pron. omitted, αὐτός . . ἧσθαι λιλαίομαι, for ἐγὼ αὐτός, Il.13.252; αὐτὸν ἐλέησον, for ἐμὲ αὐτόν, 24.503; αὐτῶν γὰρ ἀπωλόμεθ' ἀφραδίῃσιν Od.10.27; in 2.33 οἱ αὐτῷ is simply a strengthd. form of οἱ; and so in Att., when σὲ αὐτόν, ἐμοὶ αὐτῷ, etc., are read divisim, they are emphatic, not reflexive; in this case αὐτός generally precedes the person. Pron., cf. X.Cyr.6.2.25 with 6.1.14.    c with the reflexive ἑαυτοῦ, αὑτοῦ, etc., to add force and definiteness, αὐτὸς καθ' αὑτοῦ A.Th.406; αὐτοὶ ὑφ' αὑτῶν ib.194; αὐτοὶ καθ' αὑτούς X.Mem.3.5.4; αὐτὸ καθ' αὑτό Pl.Tht.201e; sts. between the Art. and reflex. Pron., τοῖς αὐτὸς αὑτοῦ πήμασιν βαρύνεται A.Ag.836, cf. Pr.762; τούς γ' αὐτὸς αὑτοῦ πολεμίους S.Aj. 1132: also κατ' αὐτὺ (Boeot. for αὐτοὶ) αὐτῶν IG7.3172.121 (Orchom. Boeot.).    d αὐτοῦ, αὐτῶν with possess. Pron., πατρὸς κλέος ἠδ' ἐμὸν αὐτοῦ Il.6.446; θρῆνον . . ἐμὸν τὸν αὐτῆς A.Ag.1323; ἐχθρὸς ὢν τοῖς σοῖσιν αὐτοῦ S.OT416; τοῖς οἷσιν αὐτοῦ ib.1248; αὐτῶν σφετέρῃσιν ἀτασθαλίῃσιν Od.1.7; τοῖς ἡμετέροις αὐτῶν φίλοις X.An. 7.1.29.    e αὐτὸς ἑαυτοῦ with Comp. and Sup. Adj., αὐτὸς ἑωυτοῦ ῥέει πολλῷ ὑποδεέστερος Hdt.2.25; τῇ εὐρυτάτη ἐστὶ αὐτὴ ἑωυτῆς Id.1.203.    11 αὐτός for ὁ αὐτός, the same, Il.12.225, Od.8.107, 16.138, Pi.N.5.1 (never in Trag.), and in later Prose, αὐταῖς ταῖς ἡμέραις IG 14.966 (ii A. D.), cf. Ev.Luc.23.12.    12 Comp. αὐτότερος Epich.5: Sup. αὐτότατος his very self, Ar.Pl.83: neut. pl. αὐτότατα dub. in Phld.Piet.80. Adv., Comp. αὐτοτέρως Gal.18(2).431.    II he, she, it, for the simple Pron. of 3 pers., only in oblique cases (exc. in later Gk., Ev.Luc.4.15, etc.), and rarely first in a sentence, Pl.La.194e, and later, Ep.Eph.2.10, etc.: rare in Ep., Il. 12.204 (where Hdn. treated it as enclitic), and mostly emphatic, ib.14.457, Od.16.388; so in Trag., E.Hel.421: in Prose, to recall a Noun used earlier in the sentence, ἐγὼ μὲν οὖν βασιλέα . . οὐκ οἶδα ὅ τι δεῖ αὐτὸν ὀμόσαι X.An.2.4.7; πειράσομαι τῷ πάππῳ . . συμμαχεῖν αὐτῷ Id.Cyr.1.3.15; ἄνδρα δὴ . . εἰ ἀφίκοιτο εἰς τὴν πόλιν, προσκυνοῖμεν ἂν αὐτόν Pl.R.398a; after a Relative, ὅς κε θεοῖς ἐπιπείθηται . . ἔκλυον αὐτοῦ Il.1.218; οὓς μὴ εὕρισκον, κενοτάφιον αὐτοῖς ἐποίησαν X.An.6. 4.9, cf. 1.9.29; esp. where a second Verb requires a change of case in the Pron., οἳ ἂν ἐξελεγχθῶσι . . ὡς προδότας αὐτοὺς ὄντας τιμωρηθῆναι Id.An.2.5.27; ἐκεῖνοι οἷς οὐκ ἐχαρίζονθ' οἱ λέγοντες οὐδ' ἐφίλουν αὐτούς D.3.24; in subdivisions, ὅσοι . . οἱ μὲν αὐτῶν . . X.Cyr.1.1.1, cf. Pl.Chrm.168e; later, pleonastically after a Relative, ὧν ὁ μὲν αὐτῶν Call.Epigr.43, cf. Ev.Luc.3.16, Apoc.7.2, etc.: in S.Ph.316 αὐτοῖς is emphatic 'in their own persons'.    III with Art. ὁ αὐτός, ἡ αὐτή, τὸ αὐτό, and Att. contr. αὑτός, αὑτή, ταὐτό and ταὐτόν (as required by the metre, cf. S.OT734 with 325, and in Prose to avoid hiatus) : gen. ταὐτοῦ, dat. ταὐτῷ, pl. neut. ταὐτά; Ion. ὡυτός, τὠυτό:—the very one, the same, rare in Hom., Il. 6.391, Od.7.55, 326; ὁ αὐ. εἰμι τῇ γνώμῃ Th.3.38, cf. 5.75; ἐπὶ τὸ αὐ. αἱ γνῶμαι ἔφερον Id.1.79 : c. dat., to denote sameness or agreement, esp. in Prose, τὠυτὸ ἂν ὑμῖν ἐπρήσσομεν Hdt.4.119; τὸν αὐτὸν χῶρον ἐκλιπὼν ἐμοί A.Ch.543; ὁ αὐτὸς τῷ λίθῳ the same as the stone, Pl. Euthd.298a; ἐν ταὐτῷ εἶναί τινι to be in the place with... X.An.3.1.27; προσίεσθαί τινα ἐς ταὐτὸ ἑαυτῷ to have a person meet one, ib.30, cf. A.Ch.210; κατὰ ταὐτὰ τῷ Νείλῳ Hdt.2.20; τῇ αὐτῇ . . καί Id.4.109; τὴν αὐτὴν διάνοιαν καὶ κατ' ἐκείνην ἡλικίαν Isoc.5.83; ὁ αὐτός . . ὥσπερ Pl.Phd.86a; ἐς ταὐτὸν ἀλλήλοις face to face, Jul.Or.2.5a0.    2 in later Greek, the said, the above-named, Ἡρώδης ὁ αὐ. PLille23.8 (iii B. C.), etc.    IV Adverbial phrases:    1 αὐτὸ μόνον simply, merely, Ph. 2.252, etc.; αὐ. μόνον ἐργάτης Luc.Somn.9; αὐ. μόνον τὸ ὄνομα τῆς φωνῆς A.D.Synt.22.20.    2 αὐτό as Adv., = ἄρτι, Epigr.Gr.540.1 (Thrace).    3 αὐτὸ τοῦτο as Adv., PGrenf.1.114 (ii B. C.), 2 Ep.Pet. 1.5; τῆς αὐτὸ τοῦτο κινουμένης σφαίρας Iamb. Comm.Math.17.    4 with Preps., ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό added together, making a total, PLond.2.196.37 (ii A. D.); κατὰ τὸ αὐτό together, at the same time, Act.Ap. 14.1, etc.; but κατ' αὐτό just then, Hdn.1.12.3.    V In Compos.:    1 of or by oneself, self-... as in αὐτοδίδακτος, αὐτογνώμων, αὐτόματος: and so, independently, as in αὐτοκράτωρ, αὐτόνομος.    2 hence, as a second self, very... bodily, as with proper names, Αὐτοθαΐς.    3 in the abstract, the ideal, v. supr.1.4.    4 precisely, as in αὐτόδεκα.    5 rarely with reflex. sense of ἀλλήλων, as in αὐτοκτονέω.    6 in one piece with, together with, as in αὐτόκωπος, αὐτοχείλης, αὐτόπρεμνος, αὐτόρριζος.    7 by itself: hence, only, as in αὐτόξυλος, αὐτόποκος.—For αὐτοῦ, αὐτῶς, etc., v. the respective Arts.