ἐπιβαίνω

English (LSJ)

rarely ἐπηχ-βάω, imper.

   A ἐπίβᾱ Thgn.847, Dor. inf. ἐπιβῆν (infr.IV): fut.-βήσομαι: pf.-βέβηκα: aor. 2 ἐπέβην: aor. 1 Med. ἐπεβησάμην (of which Hom.always uses the Ep.form ἐπεβήσετο, imper. ἐπιβήσεο Il.8.105, al.; later ἐπεβήσατο A.R.3.869, Dor. -βάσατο Call.Lav.Pall.65).    A. in these tenses, intr., go upon:    I. c. gen., set foot on, tread, walk upon, γαίης, ἠπείρου, Od.9.83, h.Cer. 127; πόληος, πατρίδος αἴης, Τροίης, Il.16.396, Od.4.521, 14.229; ἀδύτων ἐπιβάς E.Andr.1034 (lyr.); ἐ. τῶν οὔρων set foot on the confines, Hdt.4.125, cf. Th.1.103, Pl.Lg.778e; τῆς Λακωνικῆς ἐπὶ πολέμῳ X. HG7.4.6; πυρῆς ἐπιβάντ' ἀλεγεινῆς, of a corpse, placed upon . ., Il.4.99; πλατείᾳ τῇ ῥινὶ ἐ. τοῦ χείλους Philostr.Im.2.18; also ἐ. ἐπί τινος Hdt.2.107.    2. get upon, mount on, πύργων Il.8.165; νεῶν ib. 512; ἵππων 5.328, 10.513; δίφρου 23.379; εὐνῆς 9.133; τοῦ τείχεος Hdt.9.70; λέκτρων ἐ. A.Supp.39; also ἐ. ἐπὶ νεός Hdt.8.118: freq. in Hom., in aor. Med., ἐπεβήσετ' ἀπήνης Od.6.78, al.    b. Archit., to be superposed, τὰ ἐπιβαίνοντα πάντα ἐπὶ τοὺς κρατευτάς IG7.3073.104, cf. 111 (Lebad.).    3. of Time, arrive at, τετταράκοντα ἐ. ἐτῶν Pl.Lg.666b; δεκάτω (sc. ἔτεος) ἐ. Theoc.26.29; δωδεκάτου ἐπιβάς IG 14.1728; τῆς μειρακίων ἡλικίας Hdn.1.3.1.    4. metaph., ἀναιδείης ἐπέβησαν have trodden the path of shamelessness, Od.22.424; ἐϋφροσύνης ἐπιβῆτον enter into joy, 23.52; τέχνης ἐπιβήσομαι,-βήμεναι, h.Merc.166, 465; ὁσίης ib.173; εὐσεβίας S.OC189 (lyr.); ἐ. δόξης entertain an expectation, Id.Ph.1463 (anap.); ἐ. σοφίας undertake it, Pl.Epin.981a; λόγου Luc.Astr.8; ἐ. τῆς ἀφορμῆς, τῆς προφάσεως, seize upon it, App.Syr.2, Sam.11, etc.; preside over, τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης ψυχῆς Iamb.Myst.9.8, al.    II. c. dat., get upon, board, ναυσί Th.7.70; land on, ἐ. τῇ Σικελίᾳ D.S.16.66: metaph., ἐ. ἀνορέαις Pi.N.3.20; also, make forcible entry into, τινός οἰκίαις, γῇ, PHamb.10.6 (ii A.D.), PAmh.2.142.7 (iv A.D.).    b. with a Prep., ἐπὶ πύργῳ ἄλλος πύργος ἐπιβέβηκε Hdt.1.181.    2. c. dat. pers., set upon, assault, τινί X.Cyr. 5.2.26, Plu.Cim.15, etc.; simply, approach, dub. in Pi.Fr.88.2.    3. trample on, λὰξ ἐπίβα δήμῳ Thgn.847.    III. c. acc.loci, light upon, in Hom. twice of gods lighting upon earth after their descent from Olympus, Πιερίην ἐπιβᾶσα, ἐπιβάς, Il.14.226, Od.5.50; so πολλῶν ἐ. καιρόν light on the fit time, Pi.N.1.18; then simply, go on to a place, enter it, γῆν καὶ ἔθνος Hdt.7.50; λειμῶν' S.Aj.144 (anap.): with Prep., ἐ. ἐπὶ χώραν Decr.Amphict. ap. D.18.154; εἰς Βοιωτίαν D.S.14. 84.    2. rarely c. acc. pers., attack, only poet., S.Aj.138 (anap.): metaph., of passion or suffering, Id.El.492 (lyr.), Ph.194 (anap.).    3. mount, νῶθ' ἵππων ἐπιβάντες Hes.Sc.286: more freq. with Prep., ἐπὶ τὸν ἵππον Hdt.4.22; ἐπὶνέα Id.8.120, cf. Th.1.111; but ἐ. ἐπὶ τὸ θῆλυ, of made quadrupeds, cover a female, Arist.HA539b26; so abs., ib. 574a20, al.: c. dat., Luc.Asin.27: c. gen., Horap.1.46, 2.78.    4. ἐ. ἐπὶ τὸ σκέλος use, put one's weight on, a broken leg, Hp. Fract. 18.    5. with acc. of the Instr. of Motion (cf. βαίνω A.11.4), ἐπιβῆναι τῷ ἀριστερῷ ἐκείνης τὸν ἐμὸν δεξιόν Luc.DMeretr.4.5, cf. Tox.48.    IV. abs., get a footing, stand on one's feet, Il.5.666, Od.12.434; μἠπιβῆν it is forbidden to set foot here, IG12(3).1381 (Thera).    2. step onwards, advance, Τρώων δὲ πόλις ἐπὶ πᾶσα βέβηκε Il.16.69, cf. Hes. Op. 679, f.l. in Pi.N.10.43; ἐπίβαινε πόρσω S.OC179 (s.v.l., lyr.): me taph., advance in one's demands, Plb.1.68.8.    3. mount on a chariot or on horseback, be mounted, Hdt.3.84; go or be on board ship, Il.15.387, S.Aj.358 (lyr.), Hdt.8.90, Th.2.90, etc.    B. Causal in fut. -βήσω Luc. DMort.6.4, Ep. inf. -βησέμεν Il.8.197, Hes.Th.396, but usu. in aor. 1 Act. (ἐπιβιβάζω, ἐπιβάσκω serve as pres.):—make one mount, set him upon, ὅν ῥα τόθ' ἵππων . . ἐπέβησε Il.8.129; πολλοὺς δὲ πυρῆς ἐπέβησ' ἀλεγεινῆς 9.546; ὥς κ' ἐμὲ . . ἐμῆς ἐπιβήσετε πάτρης Od.7.223; ἐ. τινὰς σκάφεσιν J.BJ4.7.6; πλοίων ib. 11.5, cf. Luc.l.c.; ὁπλίτας ὁλκάσιν App.BC5.92; τινὰς ἐπὶ τὰς ναῦς ib.2.59 : also in aor. 1 Med., νιν ἑῶ ἐπεβάσατο δίφρω Call.Lav.Pall. 65.    b. of things, νευρὰν ἐπέβασε κορώνας set the string on his bow's tip, B.5.73.    2. metaph. (cf.A.1.4), ἐϋκλεΐης ἐπίβησον bring to great glory, Il.8.285; τιμῆς καὶ γεράων Hes. Th.396; χαλιφρονέοντα σαοφροσύνης ἐπέβησαν they bring him to sobriety, Od.23.13; λιγυρῆς ἐπέβησαν ἀοιδῆς Hes.Op.659; δουλοσύνας (prob.) E.Hyps.Fr.41(64).86; εἴ σε τύχη . . ἡλικίας ἐπέβησεν had brought thee to full age, IG2.2263.    3. [ἠὼς] πολέας ἐπέβησε κελεύθου dawn sets them on their way, Hes.Op.580.