ὕβρις

English (LSJ)

[ῠ by nature, ῡ by position in Ep. etc.], ἡ, gen. εως Ar.Lys. 425, Th.465 (lyr.), εος Id.Pl.1044, Eub.67.9, Ep. and Ion. ιος Hes.Op. 217, Hdt.1.189:—

   A wanton violence, arising from the pride of strength or from passion, insolence, freq. in Od., mostly of the suitors, μνηστήρων, τῶν ὕ. τε βίη τε σιδήρεον οὐρανὸν ἵκει 15.329, 17.565; μνηστῆρες ὑπέρβιον ὕ. ἔχοντες 1.368, 4.321; λίην γὰρ ἀτάσθαλον ὕ. ἔχουσι 16.86, cf.Alc.Supp.27.10; ὕβρει εἴξαντες Od.14.262, 17.431; θεοὶ . . ἀνθρώπων ὕβριν τε καὶ εὐνομίην ἐφορῶντες ib.487; δίκη ὑπὲρ ὕβριος ἴσχει Hes. l.c., cf. Archil.88, IG12.394 (vi B. C.), 42(1).122.98 (Epid., iv B. C.); joined with ὀλιγωρίη, Hdt.1.106; δυσσεβίας μὲν ὕβρις τέκος A.Eu.533 (lyr.); ἐπιθυμίας . . ἀρξάσης ἐν ἡμῖν τῇ ἀρχῇ ὕ. ἐπωνομάσθη Pl.Phdr. 238a; in Poets freq. joined with κόρος (v. κόρος (A) 2): predicated of actions, ἆρ' οὐχ ὕβρις τάδ'; S.OC883; ταῦτ' οὐχ ὕβρις δῆτ' ἐστίν; Ar.Nu.1299, cf. Ra.21, Pl.886; ὕβρις τάδ' ἐστί, κρείσσω δαιμόνων εἶναι θέλειν E.Hipp.474; ὕβρει in wantonness or insolence, S.El.881, Pl.Ap.26e; ἐφ' ὕβρει E.Or.1581, D.21.38, PCair.Zen.462.9 (iii B. C.), etc.; δι' ὕβριν D.21.42; διὰ τὴν ὕ. X.HG2.2.10; πρὸς ὕβριν Plu. Alc.37, etc.    2 lust, lewdness, opp. σωφροσύνη, Thgn.379, X.Cyr. 8.4.14.    3 of animals, violence, Hdt.1.189; ὕβρις ὀρθία κνωδάλων Pi.P.10.36, cf. N.1.50 (v. ὑβρίζω 1.2); ἡ ἐκ τοῦ χαλινοῦ ὕ. D.Chr.63.5.    II = ὕβρισμα, an outrage (though it is freq. difficult to separate this concrete sense from the abstract), Il.1.203, 214; ὕβριν τεῖσαι Od. 24.352; ὑπὸ γυναικὸς ἄρχεσθαι ὕ. ἐσχάτη Democr.111, cf. Xenoph.1.17: sts., like ὑβρίζω, folld. by a Prep., Ἥρας μητέρ' εἰς ἐμὴν ὕβρις her outrage towards... E.Ba.9; ἡ κατ' Ἀργείων (-ους codd.Priscian.) ὕ. S.Fr.368; ἡ πρὸς τοὺς δημότας ὕ. Hdn.2.4.1: c. gen. objecti, ὕ. τινός towards him, Id.1.8.4, etc.: pl., wanton acts, outrages, Hes.Op.146, E.Ba.247, HF741, Pl.Lg.884a, etc.:—for ὕβριν ὑβρίζειν, cf. ὑβρίζω 11.2.    2 an outrage on the person, esp. violation, rape, Pi.P.2.28, Lys. 1.2, etc.; παίδων ὕβρεις καὶ γυναικῶν αἰσχύνας Isoc.4.114, cf. Plb.6.8.5; τὴν ὕ. τὴν εἰς τὸ ἑαυτοῦ σῶμα Aeschin.1.116; τὴν τοῦ σώματος ὕβριν πεπρακώς ib.188; so τὸ σῶμα ἐφ' ὕβρει πεπρακώς ib.29; γυναῖκας ἤγαγε δεῦρ' ἐφ' ὕβρει D.19.309; γυναικῶν ὕβρεις ἢ εἰς αὑτοὺς ἢ εἰς υἱεῖς Arist.Rh.1373a35.    3 in Law, a term covering all the more serious injuries done to the person, Isoc.20.2, Aeschin. 1.15, D.37.33, 45.4; see esp. D.21 (against Meidias); ὁ τῆς ὕβρεως νόμος ib.35 (the text is given ib.47); δίκη ὕβρεως ἢ πληγῶν PHal.1.115 (iii B. C.), cf. PHib.1.32.8 (iii B. C.), etc.    III used of a loss by sea, Pi. (v. ναυσίστονος), Act.Ap.27.21.    B as masc., = ὑβριστής, a violent, overbearing man, κακῶν ῥεκτῆρα καὶ ὕβριν ἀνέρα Hes.Op.191.