ἕως

English (LSJ)

(B), Ep. εἵως, ἧος (v. sub fin.), Dor. ἇς, Aeol. ἆς (qq.v.), Boeot. ἇς IG7.3303, al., and ἅως ib.2228, 3315.    A Relat. Particle, expressing the point of Time up to which an action goes, with reference to the end of the action, until, till; or to its continuance, while:    I until, till,    1 with Ind., of a fact in past time, θῦνε διὰ προμάχων, ἧος φίλον ὤλεσε θυμόν Il.11.342, cf. Od.5.123; ἕ. ἀπώλεσέν τε καὐτὸς ἐξαπώλετο S.Fr.236, cf. A.Pers.428, Pl.Chrm.155c, etc.; for πρίν, μὴ πρότερον ἀπελθεῖν ἕως ἀποκατέστησε τὰ πράγματα D.S.27.4: with impf. with ἄν in apodosi, of an unaccomplished action, ἡδέως ἂν Καλλικλεῖ διελεγόμην, ἕ. ἀπέδωκα I would have gone on conversing till I had... Pl.Grg.506b, cf.Cra.396c.    2 ἕ. ἄν or κε with Subj. (mostly of aor.), of an event at an uncertain future time, μαχήσομαι . . ἧός κε τέλος πολέμοιο κιχείω till I find, Il.3.291, cf. 24.183, A.Pr.810, etc.: ἄν is sts. omitted in Trag., ἕ. μάθῃς S.Aj.555; ἕ. κληθῇ Id.Tr.148; ἕ. ἀνῇ τὸ πῆμα Id.Ph.764: so freq. in later Gr., UPZ18.10 (ii B. C.), PGrenf. 2.38.16 (i B. C.), Ev.Marc.14.32, Vett. Val.68.18, etc.; ἕ. οὗ γένηται Gem.8.32.    3 ἕ. with Opt. (mostly of aor.), relating to an event future in relation to past time, ὦρσε . . Βορέην, ἧος ὃ Φαιήκεσσι . . μιγείη caused it to blow, till he should reach... Od.5.386, cf. 9.376, Ar.Ra.766, Pl.Phd.59d; ἕως δέοι βοηθεῖν Th.3.102, cf.Lys.13.25: ἄν or κε is added to the Opt. (not to ἕως), if the event is represented as conditional, ἕ. κ' ἀπὸ πάντα δοθείη till (if possible) all things should be given back, Od.2.78; οὐκ [ἂν] ἀποκρίναιο, ἕ. ἂν σκέψαιο Pl.Phd.101d, cf. S.Tr.687 codd., Isoc.17.15, IG22.1328 (ii B.C.).    b in orat. obliq., ἔδωκεν . . ἕ. ἀνὴρ εἶναι δοκιμασθείην D.27.5.    c by assimilation to an opt. with ἄν, [λόγον] ἂν διδοίης ἕ. ἔλθοις Pl.Phd.101d.    4 c. subj. or opt., expressing purpose, in order that, Od.4.800, 6.80, 19.367; πορεύου εἰς Διονυσιάδα . . ἕως τὸν ἐκεῖ ἐλαιῶνα ποτίσῃς PFay.118.12 (ii A. D.); σπούδασον ἕως οὗ ἀγοράσῃ κτλ. POxy.113.25 (ii A. D.); χρυσίον ἐδανισάμην ἕως ὅτε δυνηθῶ ἀγοράσαι ib.130.13 (vi A. D.).    5 with Inf. in orat. obliq., ἐντειλάμενος διεκπλέειν ἕ. . . ἀπικνέεσθαι Hdt.4.42: otherwise only in later Gr., ἕ. ἐλθεῖν ἐς . . LXX Ge.10.19, cf. PLond. 1.131r251 (i A. D.), D.H.9.4 (v.l.), Anon. ap. Suid.s.v. ἰλυσπώμενον.    6 with Advbs. of Time and Place, ἕ. ὅτε till the time when, c. ind., v.l. for ἔστε in X.Cyr.5.1.25; ἕ. οὗ, f.l. for ἐς οὗ, Hdt.2.143: freq. in later Gr., Gem.l.c., Ev.Matt.1.25, etc.; ἕ. ὅτου ib.5.25, etc.; ἕ. πότε; how long? ib.17.17, Ev.Jo.10.24; ἕ. τότε LXX Ne.2.16; ἕ. ὀψέ till late, f.l.for ἐς ὀψέ, Th.3.108; ἕ. ἄρτι 1 Ep.Jo.2.9; ἕ. ὧδε as far as this place, Ev.Luc.23.5.    b with Preps., of Time, ἕ. πρὸς καλὸν ἑῷον ἀστέρα AP5.200; of Place, ἕ. εἰς τὸν χάρακα Plb.1.11.14; ἕ. πρὸς τὸν Καύκασον D.S.2.43; ἕ. ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν Act.Ap.17.14.    II as Prep.,    1 of Time, c. gen., until, ἕως τοῦ ἀποτεῖσαι until he has made payment, Lexap.Aeschin.1.42, cf. LXX Ge.3.19, etc.; ἕ. τελειώσεως Epicur.Ep. 2p.38U.; ἕ. ὡρισμένων χρόνων Phld.D.1.7; ἕ. τινός for a time, Parth. 9.2, etc.; ἕ. τοῦ νῦν Ev.Matt.24.21; ἕ. Ἰωάννου ib.11.13.    b of Place, ἕ. τοῦ γενέσθαι . . up to the point where .. Arist.PA668b2, cf. HA630b27, Plb.9.36.1; as far as, ἕ. Σάρδεων Ath.Mitt.44.25 (Samos, iii B.C.); ἕ. τοῦ Ἀρσινοΐτου νομοῦ PTeb.33.5 (ii B.C.); ἕ. Φοινίκης Act.Ap.11.19: so c. gen. pers., ἦλθον ἕ. αὐτοῦ Ev.Luc.4.42, cf. LXX 4 Ki. 4.22.    c of Number or Degree, ἕ. τριῶν πλοίων Docum. ap. D.18.106; διδόναι ἕ. ταλάντων ἑκατόν LXX 1 Es.8.19(21); οὐκ ἔστιν ἕ. ἑνός ib.Ps. 13.3; οὐκ ἔχομεν ἕ. τῆς τροφῆς τῶν κτηνῶν PTeb.56.7 (ii B.C.); ἐᾶτε ἕ. τούτου Ev.Luc.22.51; μαχοῦμαι ἕ. ζωῆς καὶ θανάτου OGI266.29 (Pergam., iii B.C.); ἕ. μέθης Corn.ND30.    2 rarely c. acc., ἕ. πρωΐ LXX Jd.19.25; ἕ. μεσημβρίαν PLond.1.131r346, 515 (i A.D.); ἕ. τὸ βωμῷ down to the word "βωμῷ", Sch.Pi.O.6.111.    III while, so long as, c. ind., ἧος ἐνὶ Τροίῃ πολεμίζομεν Od.13.315, cf.17.358,390; ἕ. δ' ἔτ' ἔμφρων εἰμί A.Ch.1026, cf. Pers.710 (troch.); ἕ. ἔτι ἐλπὶς [ἦν] Th.8.40; ἕ. ἔτινέος εἶ Pl.Prm.135d: in this sense answered in apodosi by τῆος, Od.4.90, Il.20.41; by τόφρα, Od.12.327, Il.18.15; by τόφρα δέ, 10.507; by δέ alone, 1.193, Od.4.120 codd.    b ἕ. ἄν c.subj., when the whole action is future, οὔ μοι . . ἐλπίς, ἕ. ἂν αἴθῃ πῦρ A.Ag. 1435; λέγειν τε χρὴ καὶ ἐρωτᾶν, ἕως ἂν ἐῶσιν Pl.Phd.85b; οὐδὲν ἔστ' αὐτῷ βεβαίως ἔχειν ἕ. ἂν ὑμεῖς δημοκρατῆσθε D.10.13.    c ἕως c. opt. in a Conditional relative clause, φήσομεν μηδὲν ἂν μεῖζον μηδὲ ἔλαττον γενέσθαι ἕ. ἴσον εἴη αὐτὸ ἐαυτῷ Pl.Tht.155a.    B in Hom. sts. Demonstr.,= τέως, for a time, ἧος μὲν . . ὄρνυον· αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ . . Il.12.141; ἧος μὲν ἀπείλει . . · ἀλλ' ὅτε δὴ . . 13.143, cf. 17.727,730, Od.2.148; ἧος μὲν . . ἕποντο . . αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ . . Il.15.277; all that time, Od.3.126, cf. Hdt.8.74. (ἕως, as iambus, only once in Hom., Od.2.78; as a monosyll., Il.17.727, dub.l. in Od.2.148; when the first syllable is to be long codd. Hom. have εἵως or ἕως (never εἷος or ἧος, Ludwich WkP1890.512, exc. ειος v.l. (PFay.160) in Il.20.41), 3.291, 11.342, al.; εἵως (or ἕως) is found even when the metre requires a trochee, 1.193, al.; comparison of Dor. ἇς (from *ἇος) with Att.-Ion. ἕως points to early Ion. *ἧος (cf. Skt. yāvat 'as great as, as long as, until') and this should prob. be restored in Hom.; cf. τέως.)