καθαιρέω

English (LSJ)

Ion. κατ-, Aeol. κατάγρημι, q.v.: fut.

   A -ήσω Il.11.453, etc.: fut. 2 καθελῶ APl.4.334 (Antiphil.): aor.2 καθεῖλον, inf. καθελεῖν: aor. 1 καθεῖλα LXX 3 Ki.19.14: Ion. pf. part. Pass. καταραιρημένος Hdt.2.172:—take down, καθείλομεν ἱστία Od. 9.149; κὰδ δ' ἀπὸ πασσαλόφι ζυγὸν ᾕρεον Il.24.268; κ. ἄχθος take it down, i.e. off one's shoulders, Ar.Ra.10; κ. τὸ σημεῖον And.1.36; κ. τῶν ἐκ τῆς στοᾶς ὅπλων some of them, X.HG5.4.8; κ. εἰκόνα ἐξ ἀκροπόλεως Lycurg.117; κ. τινά, from the cross, Plb.1.86.6, Ph.2.529:—Med., κατελέσθαι τὰ τόξα take down one's bow, Hdt.3.78; τοὺς ἱστούς Plb.1.61.1.    2 put down, close the eyes of the dead, ὄσσε καθαιρήσουσι θανόντι περ Il.11.453; ὀφθαλμοὺς καθελοῦσα Od.24.296; χερσὶ κατ' ὀφθαλμοὺς ἑλέειν 11.426.    3 of sorcerers, bring down from the sky, σελήνην Ar.Nu.750, Pl.Grg.513a.    4 κατά με πέδον γᾶς ἕλοι may earth swallow me! E.Supp.829 (lyr.).    II put down by force, destroy, ὅτε κέν μιν μοῖρ' ὀλοὴ καθέλῃσι Od.2.100, 19.145, cf. 3.238, etc.; μὴ καθέλοι μιν αἰών Pi.O.9.60; φῶτ' ἄδικον καθαιρεῖ A.Ag. 398(lyr.); μοῖρα τὸν φύσαντα καθεῖλε S.Aj.517, cf. E.El.878(lyr.), etc.; kill, slay, ταῦρον ib.1143, cf. Stesich.23, S.Tr.1063, Fr.205; ἐάν τις ἀποκτείνῃ . . ἐν ὁδῷ καθελών Lexap.D.23.53:—Pass., of criminals, to be executed, Plu.Them.22.    2 put down, reduce, κ. Κῦρον καὶ τὴν Περσέων δύναμιν Hdt.1.71, etc.; καθαιρεθῆναι, opp. ἀρθῆναι, D.2.8; esp. depose, dethrone, Hdt.1.124, etc.; κ. τὸ λῃστικὸν ἐκ τῆς θαλάσσης remove it utterly from... Th.1.4, cf. POxy.1408.23 (iii A.D.); κ. ὕβριν τινός Hdt.9.27, LXXZa.9.6; ὄλβον S.Fr.646.4; ὑπερηφάνους Aristeas 263:—Pass., καθῃρημένος τὴν αἴσθησιν bereft of sense, Plu.Per.38; καθαιρεῖσθαι τῆς μεγαλειότητος [Ἀρτέμιδος] Act.Ap.19.27.    3 raze to the ground, demolish, πόλεις Th.1.58, al., LXXIs.14.17; τείχη Pl. Mx.244c; τῶν τειχῶν a part of the walls, X.HG4.4.13:—Pass., Th. 5.39, etc.; καθῃρέθη . . Οἰχαλία δορί S.Tr.478.    4 cancel, rescind, τὸ Μεγαρέων ψήφισμα Th.1.140, cf. 139, Plu.Per.29; ἔργον κ. λόγῳ Philem.140.    5 as law-term, condemn, ἡ καθαιροῦσα ψῆφος a verdict of guilty, Lys.13.37: c. inf., ἐμὲ πάλος καθαιρεῖ . . λαβεῖν S. Ant.275; so prob. κατά με . . Ἀΐδας ἕλοι πατρὶ ξυνθανεῖν Id.OC1689 (lyr.), cf. E.Or.862; simply, decide, ὅ τι ἂν αἱ πλείους ψῆφοι καθαιρῶσι D.H.7.36, 39; in book-keeping, ἃν καθαιρῶσιν αἱ ψῆφοι whatever the counters (or accounts) prove, prob. in D.18.227.    6 reduce, τῶν αὐξανομένων καὶ καθαιρουμένων γραμμῶν Arist.Ph.237b9; τοῦ ἀποστήματος πεφυκότος ἐπὶ πολὺ καθαιρεῖν τὰ μεγέθη Phld.Sign.9; of mild caustics, τὰ ὑπερσαρκέοντα καθαιρεῖ (prob. for καθαίρει) Hp.Ulc.14, cf. Gal.11.756; τὸ σῶμα κ. διαίταις Plu.Ant.53: Rhet., minimize, Arist.Rh.1376a34.    III overpower, seize, κὰδ δέ μιν ὕπνος ᾕρει Od. 9.372; κ. τινά overtake, X.Cyr.4.3.16; κ. τινὰ ἐν ἀφροσύνῃ catch in the act of folly, S.Ant.383 (anap.): c. gen. partis, κ. τῶν ὤτων seize by... Theoc.5.133:—Pass., κ. ὑπό τινος Hdt.6.29.    IV fetch down as a reward or prize, καθαιρεῖν ἀγῶνας Plu.Pomp.8: metaph., achieve, ἀγώνιον . . εὖχος ἔργῳ καθελών Pi.O.10(11).63: fut. inf. καθαρεῖν, παστόν, μίτραν, Epigr. in Berl.Sitzb.1894.908 (Asia Minor):—Med., φόνῳ καθαιρεῖσθ', οὐ λόγῳ, τὰ πράγματα E.Supp.749:—Pass., Hdt.7.50.    V less freq. like the simple αἱρεῖν, take and carry off, Id.6.41, cf.5.36 (Pass.). Cf. καθαίρω.