View source for periculum

{{LaEn
|lnetxt=periculum periculi N N :: danger, peril; trial, attempt; risk; responsibility for damage, liability
}}
{{Lewis
|lshtext=<b>pĕrīcŭlum</b>: (contr. pĕrīclum, [[very]] freq. in the poets, e. g. Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 29; Ter. And. 2, 2, 13; 5, 1, 2; 5, 2, 26 al.; Lucr. 1, 580; 2, 5 et saep.; Verg. A. 2, 709; 751; 3, 711 et saep.; Juv. 6, 94), i, n. [[root]], Sanscr. [[par]], pi-[[par]]-mi, to [[conduct]], [[guide]]; Gr. [[περάω]], to [[pierce]]; [[πόρος]]. a [[way]] [[through]], [[passage]]; Lat. [[porta]], [[portus]], ex - [[perior]], per-[[itus]]; cf. Germ. fahren, Gefahr,<br /><b>I</b> a [[trial]], [[experiment]], [[attempt]], [[proof]], [[essay]] ([[class]].; cf. disorimen).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: fac [[periculum]] in litteris, Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 23: [[miser]] est [[homo]] qui amat ... Scio qui periclum feci, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 27: priusquam periclum faceret, Caes. B. G. 4, 21: ex aliis, Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 36: alicujus fidei [[periculum]] facere, to [[make]] [[trial]] of, to [[try]], Cic. Verr. 1, 12, 34: quā in re [[tute]] tui [[periculum]] fecisti, id. Div. in Caecil. 8, 27: legionum, Auct. B. Afr. 79.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Concr., an [[attempt]] in [[writing]], an [[essay]]: faciunt [[imperite]], qui in [[isto]] periculo non ut a poëtā, sed ut a teste, veritatem [[exigent]] ([[speaking]] of a [[poem]] in [[honor]] of [[Marius]]), Cic. Leg. 1, 1, 4; Aus. Idyll. 10, 215.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Risk, [[hazard]], [[danger]], [[peril]] ([[which]] acompanies an [[attempt]]; the [[common]] signif. of the [[word]]): meo periclo rem [[gero]], Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 100: tuo ego [[istaec]] dicam [[illi]] periculo, id. ib. 4, 2, 17: [[periculum]] facere, to [[run]] a [[risk]], id. ib. 1, 1, 63: si ei [[subito]] [[sit]] allatum [[periculum]] discrimenque patriae, Cic. Off. 1, 43, 154: [[salus]] sociorum summum in [[periculum]] ac [[discrimen]] vocatur, id. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12: discriminum et periculorum comites, id. N. D. 2, 66, 166: obire pericula ac labores, Liv. 1, 54: [[periculum]] adire capitis, to [[run]] the [[risk]] of one's [[life]], Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 110: in periculo animarum suarum, Vulg. 1 Par. 11, 19: subire pro [[amico]], Cic. Part. 19, 66: suscipere, to [[take]] [[upon]] one's [[self]], id. Mur. 36, 76: ingredi, id. ib. 2, 4: conflare alicui, to [[cause]], [[occasion]], id. Sull. 4, 13: intendere in aliquem, id. Rosc. Am. 3, 7: intendere alicui, id. Att. 2, 19, 1: mortis alicui inicere, id. Caecin. 29, 83: facessere innocenti, id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 45: facere alicui, Sall. C. 33, 1; cf.: ego [[nihil]] [[facio]] [[tibi]] periculi, Plaut. Cas. 4, 3, 7: creare alicui, Cic. Att. 22, 2: comparare alicui, id. Fl. 38, 96: moliri optimis civibus, id. Sest. 1, 1: amici depellere, id. Clu. 6, 8: subterfugere, id. Fam. 15, 1, 4: adducta est res in maximum [[periculum]] et extremum [[paene]] [[discrimen]], id. Phil. 7, 1, 1: se in [[periculum]] capitis [[atque]] in vitae [[discrimen]] inferre, id. Balb. 10, 25: arcessere aliquem in summum capitis [[periculum]], id. Rab. Perd. 9, 26: includere in [[periculum]], id. Clu. 55, 155: in [[periculum]] se committere, to [[get]] [[into]] [[danger]], id. Inv. 2, 8, 37: eripere ex periculo, id. Clu. 26, 70: extrahere ex periculo, to [[release]] from [[danger]], id. Sest. 4, 11: rem publicam a periculo prohibere, id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19: liberare periculis, id. de Or. 1, 8, 32: res in periculo vertitur, the [[affair]] becomes [[perilous]], Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 12: esse in periculo, Cic. Fam. 4, 15, 2: in periculo versari, id. Rab. Post. 9, 23: a securi negat ei [[periculum]] esse, [[that]] [[danger]] threatens him, id. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 116: [[periculum]] est, ne, [[there]] is [[danger]] [[that]], id. Tusc. 5, 40, 118; so id. Verr. 1, 11, 32: periculo meo, tuo, suo, at my, [[your]], his [[risk]]: meo periculo, id. Sest. 52, 111: crede [[audacter]] meo periculo, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 51: meo periculo rem [[gero]], id. Bacch. 4, 4, 100; id. As. 2, 4, 51: des ei nummos [[fide]] et periculo meo, Dig. 46, 1, 24: navem sumptu periculoque suo armatam mittere, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 20, § 50; id. Fl. 17, 41: rem periculi sui facere, to do a [[thing]] at one's [[own]] [[risk]], Dig. 23, 5, 16: bono periculo, [[safely]], [[without]] [[danger]] ([[post]]-[[class]].), App. Mag. p. 320, 16.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In partic.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> A [[trial]], [[action]], [[suit]] at [[law]] ([[class]].): [[meus]] [[labor]] in privatorum periculis [[caste]] integreque versatus, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 2: aliquem in periculis defendere, Nep. Phoc. 2, 3.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> A [[writ]] of [[judgment]], a [[sentence]]: unum ab iis petivit, ut in periculo suo inscriberent, etc., Nep. Ep. 8: pericula magistratuum, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79, § 183.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> A [[sickness]], [[attack]] of [[sickness]] ([[post]]-Aug.): in acutis [[vero]] periculis nullis dandum est [[vinum]], Plin. 23, 1, 24, § 48.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>d</b> Ruin, [[destruction]] (postclass.): tremefactae nutant [[usque]] ad [[periculum]] civitates, Arn. 1, 4.
}}
{{Gaffiot
|gf=<b>pĕrīcŭlum</b>,⁵ ī, n. ([[perior]]),<br /><b>1</b> essai, expérience, épreuve : alicujus [[rei]] [[periculum]] facere Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 34, faire l’essai de qqch. ; alicujus Cic. Cæcil. 27, faire l’épreuve de qqn &#124;&#124; [en part.] in [[isto]] [[periculo]] Cic. Leg. 1, 4, dans cet essai littéraire<br /><b>2</b> danger, péril, risque : in [[periculum]] vocari Cic. Pomp. 12, être exposé au danger ; [[periculum]] adire, subire, suscipere, ingredi Cic. Amer. 110 ; Part. 66 ; Mur. 4 ; 76, affronter, courir un danger, assumer des risques, s’exposer à un péril ; alicui injicere, facessere, inferre, comparare, conflare Cic. Cæc. 83 ; Cæcil. 45 ; Sest. 2 ; Fl. 96 ; [[Sulla]] 13, susciter, créer des dangers à qqn ; in [[periculo]] [[esse]], versari Cic. Fam. 4, 15, 2 ; Rab. Post. 23, être en danger ; a securi negat [[esse]] ei [[periculum]] Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 114, il déclare qu’il ne court pas de danger du côté de la hache, qu’il ne risque pas d’être décapité ; [[meo]] [[periculo]] Cic. Sest. 111, à mes risques et périls ; [[sui]] capitis [[periculo]] vindicant Cæs. G. 7, 1, 5, ils revendiquent au péril de leur vie ; amicorum pericula Cic. Arch. 13, dangers courus par les amis ; qui [[habitus]] [[non]] [[procul]] [[abesse]] putatur a vitæ [[periculo]] Cic. Br. 313, état physique (complexion) qui [[est]] bien près, [[pense]]-t-on, de mettre la vie en danger ; cædis Cic. Phil. 1, 5 ; [[ignis]] Cic. Leg. 2, 58 ; mortis, servitutis Cic. Pomp. 31, danger de meurtre, du feu, de la mort, de l’esclavage ; vincendi Sen. Ep. 79, 7, risque (chance) de l’emporter ; ad [[periculum]] Cæsaris, Cæs. C. 1, 2, 3, pour menacer César &#124;&#124; [[periculum]] [[est]], ne Cic. Tusc. 5, 118, il y a danger que, il [[est]] à craindre que<br /><b>3</b> [en part.] danger couru en justice, procès : Cic. Pomp. 2 ; Nep. Phoc. 2, 3<br /><b>4</b> protocole, procès-verbal de la condamnation : Nep. Epam. 8, 2<br /><b>5</b> crise dans une maladie : Plin. 23, 48. sync. [[periclum]] chez les poètes.||[en part.] in [[isto]] [[periculo]] Cic. Leg. 1, 4, dans cet essai littéraire<br /><b>2</b> danger, péril, risque : in [[periculum]] vocari Cic. Pomp. 12, être exposé au danger ; [[periculum]] adire, subire, suscipere, ingredi Cic. Amer. 110 ; Part. 66 ; Mur. 4 ; 76, affronter, courir un danger, assumer des risques, s’exposer à un péril ; alicui injicere, facessere, inferre, comparare, conflare Cic. Cæc. 83 ; Cæcil. 45 ; Sest. 2 ; Fl. 96 ; [[Sulla]] 13, susciter, créer des dangers à qqn ; in [[periculo]] [[esse]], versari Cic. Fam. 4, 15, 2 ; Rab. Post. 23, être en danger ; a securi negat [[esse]] ei [[periculum]] Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 114, il déclare qu’il ne court pas de danger du côté de la hache, qu’il ne risque pas d’être décapité ; [[meo]] [[periculo]] Cic. Sest. 111, à mes risques et périls ; [[sui]] capitis [[periculo]] vindicant Cæs. G. 7, 1, 5, ils revendiquent au péril de leur vie ; amicorum pericula Cic. Arch. 13, dangers courus par les amis ; qui [[habitus]] [[non]] [[procul]] [[abesse]] putatur a vitæ [[periculo]] Cic. Br. 313, état physique (complexion) qui [[est]] bien près, [[pense]]-t-on, de mettre la vie en danger ; cædis Cic. Phil. 1, 5 ; [[ignis]] Cic. Leg. 2, 58 ; mortis, servitutis Cic. Pomp. 31, danger de meurtre, du feu, de la mort, de l’esclavage ; vincendi Sen. Ep. 79, 7, risque (chance) de l’emporter ; ad [[periculum]] Cæsaris, Cæs. C. 1, 2, 3, pour menacer César||[[periculum]] [[est]], ne Cic. Tusc. 5, 118, il y a danger que, il [[est]] à craindre que<br /><b>3</b> [en part.] danger couru en justice, procès : Cic. Pomp. 2 ; Nep. Phoc. 2, 3<br /><b>4</b> protocole, procès-verbal de la condamnation : Nep. Epam. 8, 2<br /><b>5</b> crise dans une maladie : Plin. 23, 48. sync. [[periclum]] chez les poètes.
}}
{{Georges
|georg=perīculum, ī, n. ([[perior]]), eig. das, [[wodurch]] [[man]] [[Erfahrung]] [[erlangen]] kann, der [[Versuch]], die [[Probe]], I) im allg.: 1) eig.: si vincendi [[periculum]] sit, Sen. ep. 79, 7: [[periculum]] facere, [[einen]] [[Versuch]] [[machen]], eine [[Probe]] [[machen]], [[versuchen]], [[probieren]], Ter. u. Caes., in alqa re, Ter., u. m. Genet., fidei, [[sui]], Cic. – dah. p. facere ex aliis ([[von]] anderen her die [[Probe]] [[machen]] = [[von]] anderen [[abnehmen]], [[entnehmen]]), [[mihi]] ([[tibi]]) [[quod]] ex usu siet, [[oft]] [[bei]] Ter. (s. Westerh. Ter. heaut. 1, 2, 36). – 2) meton., der [[Versuch]] = das [[Probestück]], die Probeschrift, in [[isto]] [[periculo]], Cic. de legg. 1, 4: belli, [[Auson]]. – II) prägn., die [[Gefahr]], das [[Risiko]], A) im allg.: rem periculi [[sui]] facere, [[auf]] [[sein]] [[Risiko]] [[nehmen]], ICt.: [[periculum]] facere alcis [[rei]], [[riskieren]], summae rerum, [[ein]] entscheidendes [[Treffen]] [[wagen]], Liv., summae [[rei]], Tac.: [[periculum]] mortis, Suet.: salutem sociorum [[summum]] in [[periculum]] ac [[discrimen]] vocare ([[setzen]]), Cic. – [[satis]] pericli [[incepi]] adire, Ter.: [[periculum]], [[quod]] differendo [[bello]] adimus, Liv.: capitis [[periculum]] adire, Ter. u. Cic.: vitae [[periculum]] adire, Caes.: [[summa]] pericula adire, Nep.: ne [[periculum]] memoriae adiret, [[damit]] ihm das G. keinen [[Streich]] spielte, Suet.: [[numquam]] [[periculum]] [[situs]] (der [[Vergessenheit]]) adire, Sen.: [[pro]] [[amico]] [[periculum]] [[aut]] invidiam subire, Cic.: [[pro]] nostra salute laborem periculumque suscipere, Cic.: obire pericula ac labores [[pariter]], Liv. – [[periculum]] alci creare od. conflare od. inferre od. inicere od. facessere, Cic., od. facere, Sall. u. Tac.: [[periculum]] intendere alci od. in alqm, Cic.: p. moliri od. comparare, Cic.: umidioribus siccioribusque et frigidis [[non]] est ab [[ira]] [[periculum]], Sen.: [[periculum]] intentatur ab alqa re, steht [[bevor]], Quint.: morando an veniendo [[plus]] periculi contraheret, Liv.: alqm in [[periculum]] capitis arcessere, Cic.: [[periculum]] alci denuntiare, Cic. – rem in [[periculum]] adducere, Cic.: se in [[periculum]] committere, Cic.: [[caput]] [[periculo]] ponere ([[aussetzen]]), Plaut.: in [[periculo]] versari, Cic., od. [[esse]], Liv.: [[esse]] in [[proprio]] [[periculo]], Cic.: in ingenti [[periculo]] [[esse]], Liv.: in [[ultimum]] [[periculum]] venire, Curt.: in magno [[periculo]] [[esse]], u. bl. magno u. maiori p. [[esse]], in gr. usw. G. [[schweben]], Nep.: [[periculum]] est m. folg. ne u. Konj., es ist zu [[besorgen]], est [[enim]] [[periculum]], ne immodestiā militum vestrorum [[occasio]] detur Lysandro [[vestri]] opprimendi [[exercitus]], Nep.: [[haud]] [[sane]] [[periculum]] est, ne [[non]] mortem [[aut]] optandam [[aut]] [[certe]] [[non]] timendam putet, Cic.: [[non]] est [[periculum]], ne id facere [[non]] possit, Cic.: magnum in ea re [[periculum]] est, ne [[minus]] [[apte]] ([[verbum]]) conlocetur, [[Fronto]]. – [[periculum]] est (es liegt [[Gefahr]] [[darin]]) m. folg. Infin., [[hoc]] magnum est [[periculum]], ab asinis ad boves transcendere, Plaut. aul. 235: nullumst [[periculum]] te [[hinc]] [[ire]] inpransum domum, Plaut. rud. 142 Sch.: [[ähnlich]] erat [[magni]] periculi [[res]], tantulis copiis [[iniquo]] [[loco]] dimicare, Caes. b. G. 5, 49, 6. – aliis [[aliunde]] est [[periculum]], sind in [[Gefahr]], Ter.: [[periculum]] [[etiam]] a fame [[mihi]] est, Ter.: [[quod]] ab se cuiquam [[periculum]] [[esse]]? Liv.: [[nec]] Romae [[esse]], [[unde]] [[periculum]] libertati foret, Liv.: [[postquam]] moenibus [[iam]] Romanis [[pulso]] hoste [[periculum]] [[esse]] desierat, Liv.: [[abesse]] a [[periculo]], Caes.: [[non]] deesse alcis periculis, Cic.: ne [[quod]] [[periculum]] incĭderet, Nep.: alci in [[pugna]] [[periculum]] vitae accĭdit, Caes.: nullum [[periculum]] [[communis]] [[salutis]] causā recusare, Caes.: nullum [[pro]] laude [[periculum]] recusare, Caes.: vetere instituto vitae effugere nova pericula, Nep.: [[periculum]] [[nullo]] [[modo]] evitare posse, Nep.: [[periculum]] vitare (Ggstz. subire), Caes., vitare legatione ([[durch]] [[Annahme]] [[einer]] Legatenstelle), Cic.: propulsare [[periculum]], Cic., [[periculum]] capitis, Cic.: defendere alqm a [[periculo]], Cic.: removere [[periculum]] ab alqo, Liv.: [[periculum]] consilio discutere et comprimere, Cic.: offerre se periculis, Cic.: eripere ex [[periculo]], Cic.: liberare [[periculo]], Cic.: [[pro]] amici [[periculo]] dicere, [[für]] [[einen]] bedrängten Fr., Cic. – [[sine]] [[ullo]] [[periculo]], Caes.: [[nullo]] cum [[periculo]], Caes.: [[sine]] [[ullo]] alcis [[periculo]], Caes.: cum [[periculo]], Caes.: magno cum [[periculo]] alcis, Caes.: [[periculo]] huius ([[für]] ihn), Ter.: [[periculo]] [[sui]] ([[für]] [[sie]]), Caes.: [[meo]] [[periculo]], [[auf]] meine [[Gefahr]], [[auf]] [[mein]] [[Risiko]], Cic.: magno tuo [[periculo]], [[mit]] großer G. [[für]] dich, Cic.: bono [[periculo]], [[auf]] gute G. = [[ohne]] G., Apul. apol. 72. – B) insbes.: 1) der [[Prozeß]], die An klage, a) eig.: amicorum, Cic.: p. alci facessere, [[einen]] [[anklagen]], Tac. – b) meton., das gerichtl. [[Protokoll]] (s. Nipperdey Spicil. [[alt]]. in Corn. Nep. III. p. 11 sg.), pericula magistratuum, Cic.: ut in [[periculo]] [[suo]] inscriberent, Nep.: sententias ex [[periculo]] recitare, Cod. Iust. – 2) die [[Krisis]] [[des]] Fiebers usw., acuta pericula ([[febris]]), Plin.: [[dimidia]] [[enim]] [[pars]] periculi est [[noctu]], Plin. – 3) die [[Gefahr]] [[des]] Unterganges, Arnob. 1, 3. – 4) das Gewagte, das Halsbrechende im Ausdrucke, p. in enuntiatione, Quint.: sententias petere a [[periculo]], Quint. – / Synk. [[periclum]], [[Komik]]., Lucr. u.a. Dichter.
}}
{{trml
|trtx====[[danger]]===
Afrikaans: gevaar; Albanian: rrezik; Arabic: خَطَر‎; Egyptian Arabic: خطر‎; Armenian: վտանգ; Assamese: বিপদ; Asturian: peligru; Azerbaijani: təhlükə; Belarusian: небяспека; Bengali: বিপদ; Bulgarian: опасност; Burmese: ဘယာ, ဘေး, အန္တရာယ်; Catalan: perill; Chechen: кхерам; Cherokee: ᎦᏂᏰᎩ; Chinese Cantonese: 危險, 危险; Mandarin: 危險, 危险; Chukchi: гыаргыргын; Classical Nahuatl: ohuihcāyōtl; Czech: nebezpečí; Danish: fare; Dutch: [[gevaar]]; Esperanto: danĝero; Estonian: oht, hädaoht; Faroese: vandi; Finnish: vaara, uhka; French: [[danger]], [[péril]]; Friulian: pericul; Galician: perigo; Georgian: საფრთხე; German: [[Gefahr]], [[Risiko]]; Gothic: 𐌱𐌹𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌴𐌹, 𐍃𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌸𐌴𐌹; Greek: [[κίνδυνος]]; Ancient Greek: [[κίνδυνος]]; Haitian Creole: danje; Hebrew: סַכָּנָה‎; Hindi: जोखिम, ख़तरा, विपदा, प्रमाद, संकट, विपत्ति, खतरा; Hungarian: veszély; Icelandic: hætta, háski, voði; Ido: danjero; Indonesian: bahaya; Ingush: кхерам; Irish: contúirt, dainséar; Italian: [[pericolo]]; Japanese: 危険; Javanese: bebaya; Kannada: ಕುತ್ತ; Kazakh: қауіп, қатер, қауіптілік; Khmer: គ្រោះថ្នាក់; Kikuyu: ũgwati class 14; Korean: 위험(危險); Kurdish Northern Kurdish: talûke; Kyrgyz: коркунуч; Ladin: pericul; Ladino: perikolo; Lao: ອັນຕະຣາຽ, ອັນຕະລາຍ; Latin: [[periculum]]; Latvian: briesmas, bīstamība; Lithuanian: pavojus; Macedonian: опасност; Malay: bahaya; Malayalam: ആപത്ത്, അപായം; Maltese: periklu; Maori: tatamate; Middle English: peril, danger, dred; Mongolian Cyrillic: аюул, зэтгэр; Norwegian Bokmål: fare; Occitan: perilh; Old English: frēcennes; Old Saxon: fāra, fār, gifār; Oromo: balaa; Pashto: خطر‎; Persian: خطر‎; Plautdietsch: Jefoa; Polish: niebezpieczeństwo; Portuguese: [[perigo]]; Romanian: pericol, primejdie; Romansch: privel, prighel, prievel; Russian: [[опасность]]; Sanskrit: त्यजस्; Sardinian: perículu, perígulu, pirígulu; Scottish Gaelic: cunnart; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: опасно̄ст; Roman: opásnōst; Sicilian: pirìculu, perìculu, prìculu; Sinhalese: අන්ත්‍රාව; Slovak: nebezpečie; Slovene: nevarnost; Somali: khatar; Spanish: [[peligro]]; Swahili: hatari; Swedish: fara; Tagalog: panganib; Tajik: хатар, хавф; Tamil: அபாயம், ஆபத்து; Tatar: куркыныч; Telugu: ప్రమాదము; Thai: อันตราย; Tocharian A: sanu; Tocharian B: ñyātse; Turkish: tehlike; Turkmen: howp, hovp; Tuvan: айыыл; Ukrainian: небезпека; Urdu: جوکھم‎, خطرہ‎; Uyghur: خەتەر‎; Uzbek: xatar, xavflilik; Venetian: pericoło, pericol, pericolo, perigoło; Vietnamese: nguy hiểm; Walloon: dandjî; Welsh: perygl, peryglau; Xhosa: ingozi; Yiddish: געפאַר‎; Zulu: ingozi
}}