Codrus: Difference between revisions
Κακὸν μέγιστον ἐν βροτοῖς ἀπληστία → Malumm est hominibus maximum immoderatio → Das größte Übel ist bei Menschen Völlerei
m (Text replacement - "link={{" to "link={{") |
m (Text replacement - "(?s)(==Wikipedia EL==)(\n)(.*)(\n[{=])" to "{{wkpel |wkeltx=$3 }}$4") |
||
| (6 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Lewis | {{Lewis | ||
|lshtext=<b>Cōdrus</b>: i, m., = [[Κόδρος]].<br /><b>I</b> The [[last]] Athenian [[king]], [[who]] [[voluntarily]] [[devoted]] [[himself]] to [[death]] in [[order]] to [[obtain]] for his [[people]] [[victory]] [[over]] the Spartans, Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 116; id. Fin. 5, 22, 62; id. N. D. 3, 19, 49; Hor. C. 3, 19, 2; Just. 2, 6, 19; Vell. 1, 2; Val. Max. 5, 6, 1.—<br /><b>II</b> A [[wretched]] [[poet]], [[hostile]] to Virgil, Verg. E. 5, 11; 7, 22; Juv. 1, 2; 3, 203; 3, 208; cf. Weich. Poett. Latt. Rell. p. 402 sq. | |lshtext=<b>Cōdrus</b>: i, m., = [[Κόδρος]].<br /><b>I</b> The [[last]] Athenian [[king]], [[who]] [[voluntarily]] [[devoted]] [[himself]] to [[death]] in [[order]] to [[obtain]] for his [[people]] [[victory]] [[over]] the Spartans, Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 116; id. Fin. 5, 22, 62; id. N. D. 3, 19, 49; Hor. C. 3, 19, 2; Just. 2, 6, 19; Vell. 1, 2; Val. Max. 5, 6, 1.—<br /><b>II</b> A [[wretched]] [[poet]], [[hostile]] to Virgil, Verg. E. 5, 11; 7, 22; Juv. 1, 2; 3, 203; 3, 208; cf. Weich. Poett. Latt. Rell. p. 402 sq. | ||
}} | }} | ||
[[File:Kodros-Schale.png|thumb|Codrus on a Attic red-figure cup of Bolognae|alt=Codrus on a Attic red-figure cup of Bologna]] | |||
{{Gaffiot | {{Gaffiot | ||
|gf=<b>Codrus</b>,¹⁴ ī, m.,<br /><b>1</b> roi d’Athènes : Hor. O. 3, 19, 2<br /><b>2</b> nom d’un berger : Virg. B. 5, 11<br /><b>3</b> nom d’un poète : Juv. 3, 203. | |gf=<b>Codrus</b>,¹⁴ ī, m.,<br /><b>1</b> roi d’Athènes : Hor. O. 3, 19, 2<br /><b>2</b> nom d’un berger : Virg. B. 5, 11<br /><b>3</b> nom d’un poète : Juv. 3, 203. | ||
| Line 11: | Line 8: | ||
{{Georges | {{Georges | ||
|georg=Codrus, ī, m. ([[Κόδρος]]), I) der [[letzte]] [[König]] in Athen, der im Kriege [[mit]] den Spartanern [[sich]] [[freiwillig]] [[für]] den [[Staat]] dem Tode weihte, [[weil]] er wußte, daß [[sein]] [[Tod]] den Feinden [[verderblich]] [[sein]] werde, Cic. Tusc. 1, 116 u.a. – II) [[ein]] dem Vergil befreundeter Dichter, Verg. ecl. 5, 11 u.a. | |georg=Codrus, ī, m. ([[Κόδρος]]), I) der [[letzte]] [[König]] in Athen, der im Kriege [[mit]] den Spartanern [[sich]] [[freiwillig]] [[für]] den [[Staat]] dem Tode weihte, [[weil]] er wußte, daß [[sein]] [[Tod]] den Feinden [[verderblich]] [[sein]] werde, Cic. Tusc. 1, 116 u.a. – II) [[ein]] dem Vergil befreundeter Dichter, Verg. ecl. 5, 11 u.a. | ||
}} | |||
{{wkpel | |||
|wkeltx=Ο Κόδρος ήταν γιος του Μελάνθου και απόγονος του Νηλέα. Κατέφυγε στην Αθήνα μαζί με τον πατέρα του όταν οι Ηρακλείδες κατέβηκαν στην Πελοπόννησο. Ο Κόδρος διαδέχθηκε τον πατέρα του ως βασιλιάς των Αθηνών. Σύμφωνα με την επικρατέστερη εκδοχή, τα χρόνια εκείνα οι Πελοποννήσιοι κήρυξαν τον πόλεμο κατά των Αθηναίων και ρώτησαν το Μαντείο των Δελφών αν μπορούν να κυριεύσουν την Αθήνα. Το μαντείο τους απάντησε ότι αυτό θα συνέβαινε μόνο αν δεν σκότωναν τον Αθηναίο βασιλιά. Ο Κόδρος έμαθε τον χρησμό από κάποιο κάτοικο των Δελφών, οπότε ντύθηκε σα ζητιάνος, βγήκε από την πόλη και προσποιήθηκε ότι μαζεύει ξύλα. Μόλις συνάντησε δύο στρατιώτες από το εχθρικό στρατόπεδο, σκότωσε τον ένα. Ο άλλος στρατιώτης, βλέποντας την εχθρική αυτή ενέργεια έσπευσε να σκοτώσει τον Κόδρο, μη γνωρίζοντας ότι αυτός ήταν ο βασιλιάς. Οι Πελοποννήσιοι κατάλαβαν τι έπαθαν όταν οι Αθηναίοι τους ζήτησαν τη σορό του βασιλιά τους για να τη θάψουν. Εξαιτίας του χρησμού φοβήθηκαν ότι στις πολεμικές επιχειρήσεις θα αποτύγχαναν, αποσύρθηκαν λοιπόν από την περιοχή των Αθηνών και κράτησαν μόνο τα Μέγαρα. | |||
}} | |||
{{wkpen | |||
|wketx=Codrus (Greek: Κόδρος, Kódros) was the last of the semi-mythical Kings of Athens (r. ca 1089–1068 BC). He was an ancient exemplar of patriotism and self-sacrifice. He was succeeded by his son Medon, who it is claimed ruled not as king but as the first Archon of Athens. He was said to have traced his descent to the sea-God Poseidon through his father Melanthus. | |||
The earliest version of the story of Codrus comes from the 4th oration Against Leocrates by Lycurgus of Athens. During the time of the Dorian Invasion of Peloponnesus (c. 1068 BC), the Dorians under Aletes, son of Hippotes had consulted the Delphic Oracle, who prophesied that their invasion would succeed as long as the king was not harmed. The news of this prophecy, that only the death of an Athenian king would ensure the safety of Athens, quickly found its way to the ears of the king of Athens, Codrus. In devotion to his people, Codrus disguised himself as a peasant and made it to the vicinity of the Dorian encampment across the river, where he provoked a group of Dorian soldiers. He was put to death in the quarrel, and the Dorians, realizing Codrus had been slain, decided to retreat in fear of their prophesied defeat. In the aftermath of these events, it was claimed that no one thought himself worthy to succeed Codrus and so the title of king was abolished, and that of archon substituted for it. | |||
Aristotle, in the Constitution of the Athenians, presents an alternative view that Codrus was succeeded as king by his sons Medon, and then Acastus. | |||
}} | |||
{{trml | |||
|trtx=bg: Кодър; ca: Codros; de: Kodros; el: Κόδρος; en: Codrus; es: Codro; eu: Kodro; fa: کودروس; fi: Kodros; fr: Codros; hy: Կոդրուս; it: Codro; ko: 코드로스; nl: Kodros; pl: Kodros; pt: Codro; ru: Кодр; sh: Kodro; sk: Kodros; sr: Кодро; sv: Kodros; uk: Кодр; zh: 科德鲁斯 | |||
}} | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 11:35, 13 October 2022
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
Cōdrus: i, m., = Κόδρος.
I The last Athenian king, who voluntarily devoted himself to death in order to obtain for his people victory over the Spartans, Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 116; id. Fin. 5, 22, 62; id. N. D. 3, 19, 49; Hor. C. 3, 19, 2; Just. 2, 6, 19; Vell. 1, 2; Val. Max. 5, 6, 1.—
II A wretched poet, hostile to Virgil, Verg. E. 5, 11; 7, 22; Juv. 1, 2; 3, 203; 3, 208; cf. Weich. Poett. Latt. Rell. p. 402 sq.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
Codrus,¹⁴ ī, m.,
1 roi d’Athènes : Hor. O. 3, 19, 2
2 nom d’un berger : Virg. B. 5, 11
3 nom d’un poète : Juv. 3, 203.
Latin > German (Georges)
Codrus, ī, m. (Κόδρος), I) der letzte König in Athen, der im Kriege mit den Spartanern sich freiwillig für den Staat dem Tode weihte, weil er wußte, daß sein Tod den Feinden verderblich sein werde, Cic. Tusc. 1, 116 u.a. – II) ein dem Vergil befreundeter Dichter, Verg. ecl. 5, 11 u.a.
Wikipedia EL
Ο Κόδρος ήταν γιος του Μελάνθου και απόγονος του Νηλέα. Κατέφυγε στην Αθήνα μαζί με τον πατέρα του όταν οι Ηρακλείδες κατέβηκαν στην Πελοπόννησο. Ο Κόδρος διαδέχθηκε τον πατέρα του ως βασιλιάς των Αθηνών. Σύμφωνα με την επικρατέστερη εκδοχή, τα χρόνια εκείνα οι Πελοποννήσιοι κήρυξαν τον πόλεμο κατά των Αθηναίων και ρώτησαν το Μαντείο των Δελφών αν μπορούν να κυριεύσουν την Αθήνα. Το μαντείο τους απάντησε ότι αυτό θα συνέβαινε μόνο αν δεν σκότωναν τον Αθηναίο βασιλιά. Ο Κόδρος έμαθε τον χρησμό από κάποιο κάτοικο των Δελφών, οπότε ντύθηκε σα ζητιάνος, βγήκε από την πόλη και προσποιήθηκε ότι μαζεύει ξύλα. Μόλις συνάντησε δύο στρατιώτες από το εχθρικό στρατόπεδο, σκότωσε τον ένα. Ο άλλος στρατιώτης, βλέποντας την εχθρική αυτή ενέργεια έσπευσε να σκοτώσει τον Κόδρο, μη γνωρίζοντας ότι αυτός ήταν ο βασιλιάς. Οι Πελοποννήσιοι κατάλαβαν τι έπαθαν όταν οι Αθηναίοι τους ζήτησαν τη σορό του βασιλιά τους για να τη θάψουν. Εξαιτίας του χρησμού φοβήθηκαν ότι στις πολεμικές επιχειρήσεις θα αποτύγχαναν, αποσύρθηκαν λοιπόν από την περιοχή των Αθηνών και κράτησαν μόνο τα Μέγαρα.
Wikipedia EN
Codrus (Greek: Κόδρος, Kódros) was the last of the semi-mythical Kings of Athens (r. ca 1089–1068 BC). He was an ancient exemplar of patriotism and self-sacrifice. He was succeeded by his son Medon, who it is claimed ruled not as king but as the first Archon of Athens. He was said to have traced his descent to the sea-God Poseidon through his father Melanthus. The earliest version of the story of Codrus comes from the 4th oration Against Leocrates by Lycurgus of Athens. During the time of the Dorian Invasion of Peloponnesus (c. 1068 BC), the Dorians under Aletes, son of Hippotes had consulted the Delphic Oracle, who prophesied that their invasion would succeed as long as the king was not harmed. The news of this prophecy, that only the death of an Athenian king would ensure the safety of Athens, quickly found its way to the ears of the king of Athens, Codrus. In devotion to his people, Codrus disguised himself as a peasant and made it to the vicinity of the Dorian encampment across the river, where he provoked a group of Dorian soldiers. He was put to death in the quarrel, and the Dorians, realizing Codrus had been slain, decided to retreat in fear of their prophesied defeat. In the aftermath of these events, it was claimed that no one thought himself worthy to succeed Codrus and so the title of king was abolished, and that of archon substituted for it.
Aristotle, in the Constitution of the Athenians, presents an alternative view that Codrus was succeeded as king by his sons Medon, and then Acastus.
Translations
bg: Кодър; ca: Codros; de: Kodros; el: Κόδρος; en: Codrus; es: Codro; eu: Kodro; fa: کودروس; fi: Kodros; fr: Codros; hy: Կոդրուս; it: Codro; ko: 코드로스; nl: Kodros; pl: Kodros; pt: Codro; ru: Кодр; sh: Kodro; sk: Kodros; sr: Кодро; sv: Kodros; uk: Кодр; zh: 科德鲁斯
