σκότος: Difference between revisions
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|Definition=ὁ, more rarely σκότος, εος<b class="b3">, τό</b> (v. sub fin.), <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">darkness, gloom</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.19.389</span>, <span class="bibl">Emp.121.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>142</span>, etc.; opp. <b class="b3">φάος</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>319</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>417</span>, etc.; opp. <b class="b3">ἡμέρα</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Def.</span>411b</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> in Il. always of the <b class="b2">darkness</b> of death, mostly in phrase τὸν δὲ σ. ὄσσε κάλυψεν <span class="bibl">4.461</span>, al.; στυγερὸς δ' ἄρα μιν σ. εἷλεν <span class="bibl">5.47</span>, <span class="bibl">13.672</span>; so in Trag. and Com., σκότῳ θανεῖν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>837</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἤδη με περιβάλλει σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1453</span>; σ. γίγνεται <span class="bibl">Pherecr.40</span>; <b class="b3">σκότον εἶναι τεθνηκότος</b> (sc. <b class="b3">Αἰσχύλου</b>) <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 643</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> of the nether world, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>130</span>; σκότον νέμονται Τάρταρόν τε <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>72</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pers.</span>223</span>; τὸν ἀεὶ κατὰ γᾶς σ. εἱμένος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1701</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">παῖδες ἀρχαίου Σκότου</b> ib.<span class="bibl">106</span>; ἰὼ σ., ἐμὸν φάος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span>394</span> (lyr.); γῆς σκότῳ κέκρυπται <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>62</span>; σκότου πύλαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hec.</span>1</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> the <b class="b2">darkness</b> of the womb, φυγόντα μητρόθεν σκότον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>664</span>: pl., ἐν σκότοισι νηδύος τεθραμμένη <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eu.</span>665</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">5</span> of blindness, σκότου νέφος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span> 1313</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ὁθούνεκ' . . ἐν σκότῳ . . ὀψοίατο</b>, i.e. <b class="b3">οὐκέτι ὀψοίατο</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">1273</span>; <b class="b3">βλέποντα νῦν μὲν ὄρθ', ἔπειτα δὲ σκότον</b>, i.e. <b class="b3">μηδέν</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">419</span>; σκότον δεδορκώς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>377</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HF</span>563</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">dizziness, vertigo</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span> 5.23</span>; σκότοι πρὸ τῶν ὀμμάτων <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>584a3</span>; cf. <b class="b3">σκοτόδινος, -δινιάω</b>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">6</span> metaph., <b class="b3">σκότῳ κρύπτειν</b> hide in <b class="b2">darkness</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1396</span> (lyr.), cf. Pi.<span class="title">Frr.</span>42.5, 228; <b class="b3">σκότον ἔχειν</b> to be in <b class="b2">darkness, obscurity</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">N.</span>7.13</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>1052.8</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπορία καὶ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>837a</span>; περικαλύψαι τοῖσι πράγμασι σκότον <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span> 1522</span>: with Preps., <b class="b3">διὰ σκότους ἡ ὁδός</b> it is dark and uncertain, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.5.9</span>; ἐν σ. καθήμενος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.83</span>; μηδὲν ἐν σ. τεχνωμένων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>494</span>; κατὰ σκότον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>578</span>; ὑπὸ σκότου <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>692</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1457</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.6.4</span>; ὑπὸ σκότῳ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1030</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1214</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">7</span> of a person, <b class="b3">Μητρότιμος ὁ σ</b>., like [[ὁ σκοτεινός]], the <b class="b2">mystery-man</b>, <span class="bibl">Hippon.78</span>; also, <b class="b2">darkness</b>, i.e. <b class="b2">ignorance</b>, <span class="bibl">D.19.226</span>; <b class="b2">deceit</b>, σ. καὶ ἀπάτη <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>864c</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">8</span> pl., <b class="b3">σκότη</b> <b class="b2">shadows</b> in a picture, Paus.Gr.<span class="title">Fr.</span>300, Suid. s.v. [[ἀπεσκοτωμένα]], <span class="bibl">Eust.953.51</span>.—<span class="bibl">Ael.Dion. <span class="title">Fr.</span>217</span> regarded the masc. as the Att. form: the neut. never occurs in Ar., and is nowhere required by the metre in Trag., though it sts. occurs in codd., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>831</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HF</span>1159</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>534</span>, v.l. in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>40</span>, dub. l. in <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>6</span>; it is found, however, without v.l., in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>42.5</span> and Att. Prose, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>516e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cra.</span>418c</span>, <span class="bibl">D.18.159</span>, etc.; also in <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.121</span>. έ, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.5.9</span>, <span class="bibl">7.4.18</span>; the word is always neut. in LXX and <span class="title">NT.</span></span> | |Definition=ὁ, more rarely σκότος, εος<b class="b3">, τό</b> (v. sub fin.), <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">darkness, gloom</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.19.389</span>, <span class="bibl">Emp.121.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>142</span>, etc.; opp. <b class="b3">φάος</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>319</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>417</span>, etc.; opp. <b class="b3">ἡμέρα</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Def.</span>411b</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> in Il. always of the <b class="b2">darkness</b> of death, mostly in phrase τὸν δὲ σ. ὄσσε κάλυψεν <span class="bibl">4.461</span>, al.; στυγερὸς δ' ἄρα μιν σ. εἷλεν <span class="bibl">5.47</span>, <span class="bibl">13.672</span>; so in Trag. and Com., σκότῳ θανεῖν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>837</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἤδη με περιβάλλει σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1453</span>; σ. γίγνεται <span class="bibl">Pherecr.40</span>; <b class="b3">σκότον εἶναι τεθνηκότος</b> (sc. <b class="b3">Αἰσχύλου</b>) <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 643</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> of the nether world, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>130</span>; σκότον νέμονται Τάρταρόν τε <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>72</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pers.</span>223</span>; τὸν ἀεὶ κατὰ γᾶς σ. εἱμένος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1701</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">παῖδες ἀρχαίου Σκότου</b> ib.<span class="bibl">106</span>; ἰὼ σ., ἐμὸν φάος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span>394</span> (lyr.); γῆς σκότῳ κέκρυπται <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>62</span>; σκότου πύλαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hec.</span>1</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> the <b class="b2">darkness</b> of the womb, φυγόντα μητρόθεν σκότον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>664</span>: pl., ἐν σκότοισι νηδύος τεθραμμένη <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eu.</span>665</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">5</span> of blindness, σκότου νέφος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span> 1313</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ὁθούνεκ' . . ἐν σκότῳ . . ὀψοίατο</b>, i.e. <b class="b3">οὐκέτι ὀψοίατο</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">1273</span>; <b class="b3">βλέποντα νῦν μὲν ὄρθ', ἔπειτα δὲ σκότον</b>, i.e. <b class="b3">μηδέν</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">419</span>; σκότον δεδορκώς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>377</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HF</span>563</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">dizziness, vertigo</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span> 5.23</span>; σκότοι πρὸ τῶν ὀμμάτων <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>584a3</span>; cf. <b class="b3">σκοτόδινος, -δινιάω</b>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">6</span> metaph., <b class="b3">σκότῳ κρύπτειν</b> hide in <b class="b2">darkness</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1396</span> (lyr.), cf. Pi.<span class="title">Frr.</span>42.5, 228; <b class="b3">σκότον ἔχειν</b> to be in <b class="b2">darkness, obscurity</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">N.</span>7.13</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>1052.8</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπορία καὶ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>837a</span>; περικαλύψαι τοῖσι πράγμασι σκότον <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span> 1522</span>: with Preps., <b class="b3">διὰ σκότους ἡ ὁδός</b> it is dark and uncertain, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.5.9</span>; ἐν σ. καθήμενος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.83</span>; μηδὲν ἐν σ. τεχνωμένων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>494</span>; κατὰ σκότον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>578</span>; ὑπὸ σκότου <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>692</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1457</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.6.4</span>; ὑπὸ σκότῳ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1030</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1214</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">7</span> of a person, <b class="b3">Μητρότιμος ὁ σ</b>., like [[ὁ σκοτεινός]], the <b class="b2">mystery-man</b>, <span class="bibl">Hippon.78</span>; also, <b class="b2">darkness</b>, i.e. <b class="b2">ignorance</b>, <span class="bibl">D.19.226</span>; <b class="b2">deceit</b>, σ. καὶ ἀπάτη <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>864c</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">8</span> pl., <b class="b3">σκότη</b> <b class="b2">shadows</b> in a picture, Paus.Gr.<span class="title">Fr.</span>300, Suid. s.v. [[ἀπεσκοτωμένα]], <span class="bibl">Eust.953.51</span>.—<span class="bibl">Ael.Dion. <span class="title">Fr.</span>217</span> regarded the masc. as the Att. form: the neut. never occurs in Ar., and is nowhere required by the metre in Trag., though it sts. occurs in codd., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>831</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HF</span>1159</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>534</span>, v.l. in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>40</span>, dub. l. in <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>6</span>; it is found, however, without v.l., in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>42.5</span> and Att. Prose, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>516e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cra.</span>418c</span>, <span class="bibl">D.18.159</span>, etc.; also in <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.121</span>. έ, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.5.9</span>, <span class="bibl">7.4.18</span>; the word is always neut. in LXX and <span class="title">NT.</span></span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0905.png Seite 905]] ὁ, <b class="b2">Finsterniß, Dunkelheit</b>, Dunkel; Od. 19, 389; häufiger ist das Wort in der Il., hier aber immer das Todesdunkel, z. B. τὸν δὲ [[σκότος]] [[ὄσσε]] κάλυψεν, Il. 4, 461 u. öfter, στυγερὸς δ' ἄρα μιν [[σκότος]] εἷλεν, 5, 47 u. öfter; wie vom Dunkel der Unterwelt Soph. Ai. 388, τὸν ἀεὶ κατὰ γᾶς σκότον [[εἱμένος]] O. C. 1698; ἐπεὶ γῆς σκότῳ κέκρυπται, Eur. Hel. 62. – Ueberh. Dunkelheit, Verborgenheit; ἐν σκότῳ καθήμενος, Pind. Ol. 1, 83; γνώμαν σκότῳ κυλίνδει, N. 4, 40; αἱ μεγάλαι ἀλκαὶ σκότον πολὺν ὕμνων ἔχοντι δεόμεναι, die verborgen, unbekannt bleiben, 7, 13; οὐδ' ἐν σκότοισι νηδύος τεθραμμένη, Aesch. Eum. 635; σκότῳ [[φάος]] ἰσόμοιρον, Ch. 317, u. oft; δόλον σκότῳ κρύψας, Soph. El. 1388; vom Dunkel der Blindheit, O. R. 1313, vgl. βλέποντα νῦν μὲν ὄρθ', [[ἔπειτα]] δὲ σκότον, 419. 1273; Eur. oft, auch περικαλύψαι τοῖσι πράγμασι σκότον, Ion 1522; u. in Prosa: Ggstz τὸ φῶς, Plat. Crat. 418 c; auch übrtr., πᾶσαν ἀπορίαν καὶ σκότον ἀπεργάζεται, Legg. VIII, 837 a; οἱ ἐν σκότῳ ὄντες, die im Verborgenen leben, Xen. Cyr. 2, 1, 25; ὑπὸ σκότου τὸν φθόνον κατέχειν, den Neid verhehlen, 4, 6, 4. – Auch neutr. τὸ [[σκότος]], im dat. σκότει, ταύταν σκότει κρύπτειν ἔοικεν, Pind. frg. 171, vgl. ib. 106, was nach Moeris mehr attisch sein soll; so Eur. ἐκ τοῦ σκότους, Hec. 831; [[σκότος]] ἀμπίσχον, Hipp. 192; πέπλοισι κρατὶ περιβάλω σκό- τος, Herc. F. 1159; u. in Prosa: ὥςπερ ἐν σκότει, Plat. Phaed. 99 b; ἐν σκότει = bei Nacht, Xen. Cyr. 1, 6, 40; ἐπίκουρον σκότους, Mem. 4, 3, 7. Vgl. Piers. Moeris 355 Schäfer Greg. Cor. 22. 615. | |||
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Revision as of 19:28, 2 August 2017
English (LSJ)
ὁ, more rarely σκότος, εος, τό (v. sub fin.),
A darkness, gloom, Od.19.389, Emp.121.4, Pi.Fr.142, etc.; opp. φάος, A.Ch.319 (lyr.), E.Hipp.417, etc.; opp. ἡμέρα, Pl.Def.411b. 2 in Il. always of the darkness of death, mostly in phrase τὸν δὲ σ. ὄσσε κάλυψεν 4.461, al.; στυγερὸς δ' ἄρα μιν σ. εἷλεν 5.47, 13.672; so in Trag. and Com., σκότῳ θανεῖν E.Hipp.837 (lyr.); ἤδη με περιβάλλει σ. Id.Ph.1453; σ. γίγνεται Pherecr.40; σκότον εἶναι τεθνηκότος (sc. Αἰσχύλου) Ar.Fr. 643. 3 of the nether world, Pi.Fr.130; σκότον νέμονται Τάρταρόν τε A.Eu.72, cf. Pers.223; τὸν ἀεὶ κατὰ γᾶς σ. εἱμένος S.OC1701 (lyr.); παῖδες ἀρχαίου Σκότου ib.106; ἰὼ σ., ἐμὸν φάος Id.Aj.394 (lyr.); γῆς σκότῳ κέκρυπται E.Hel.62; σκότου πύλαι Id.Hec.1. 4 the darkness of the womb, φυγόντα μητρόθεν σκότον A.Th.664: pl., ἐν σκότοισι νηδύος τεθραμμένη Id.Eu.665. 5 of blindness, σκότου νέφος S.OT 1313 (lyr.); ὁθούνεκ' . . ἐν σκότῳ . . ὀψοίατο, i.e. οὐκέτι ὀψοίατο, ib.1273; βλέποντα νῦν μὲν ὄρθ', ἔπειτα δὲ σκότον, i.e. μηδέν, ib.419; σκότον δεδορκώς E.Ph.377, cf. HF563. b dizziness, vertigo, Hp.Epid. 5.23; σκότοι πρὸ τῶν ὀμμάτων Arist.HA584a3; cf. σκοτόδινος, -δινιάω. 6 metaph., σκότῳ κρύπτειν hide in darkness, S.El.1396 (lyr.), cf. Pi.Frr.42.5, 228; σκότον ἔχειν to be in darkness, obscurity, Id.N.7.13, E.Fr.1052.8; ἀπορία καὶ σ. Pl.Lg.837a; περικαλύψαι τοῖσι πράγμασι σκότον E.Ion 1522: with Preps., διὰ σκότους ἡ ὁδός it is dark and uncertain, X.An.2.5.9; ἐν σ. καθήμενος Pi.O.1.83; μηδὲν ἐν σ. τεχνωμένων S.Ant.494; κατὰ σκότον Id.Ph.578; ὑπὸ σκότου Id.Ant.692, E.Or.1457 (lyr.), X.Cyr.4.6.4; ὑπὸ σκότῳ A.Ag.1030 (lyr.), E.Ph.1214. 7 of a person, Μητρότιμος ὁ σ., like ὁ σκοτεινός, the mystery-man, Hippon.78; also, darkness, i.e. ignorance, D.19.226; deceit, σ. καὶ ἀπάτη Pl.Lg.864c. 8 pl., σκότη shadows in a picture, Paus.Gr.Fr.300, Suid. s.v. ἀπεσκοτωμένα, Eust.953.51.—Ael.Dion. Fr.217 regarded the masc. as the Att. form: the neut. never occurs in Ar., and is nowhere required by the metre in Trag., though it sts. occurs in codd., E.Hec.831, HF1159, Fr.534, v.l. in S.OC40, dub. l. in A.Fr.6; it is found, however, without v.l., in Pi.Fr.42.5 and Att. Prose, Pl.R.516e, Cra.418c, D.18.159, etc.; also in Hdt.2.121. έ, X.An.2.5.9, 7.4.18; the word is always neut. in LXX and NT.
German (Pape)
[Seite 905] ὁ, Finsterniß, Dunkelheit, Dunkel; Od. 19, 389; häufiger ist das Wort in der Il., hier aber immer das Todesdunkel, z. B. τὸν δὲ σκότος ὄσσε κάλυψεν, Il. 4, 461 u. öfter, στυγερὸς δ' ἄρα μιν σκότος εἷλεν, 5, 47 u. öfter; wie vom Dunkel der Unterwelt Soph. Ai. 388, τὸν ἀεὶ κατὰ γᾶς σκότον εἱμένος O. C. 1698; ἐπεὶ γῆς σκότῳ κέκρυπται, Eur. Hel. 62. – Ueberh. Dunkelheit, Verborgenheit; ἐν σκότῳ καθήμενος, Pind. Ol. 1, 83; γνώμαν σκότῳ κυλίνδει, N. 4, 40; αἱ μεγάλαι ἀλκαὶ σκότον πολὺν ὕμνων ἔχοντι δεόμεναι, die verborgen, unbekannt bleiben, 7, 13; οὐδ' ἐν σκότοισι νηδύος τεθραμμένη, Aesch. Eum. 635; σκότῳ φάος ἰσόμοιρον, Ch. 317, u. oft; δόλον σκότῳ κρύψας, Soph. El. 1388; vom Dunkel der Blindheit, O. R. 1313, vgl. βλέποντα νῦν μὲν ὄρθ', ἔπειτα δὲ σκότον, 419. 1273; Eur. oft, auch περικαλύψαι τοῖσι πράγμασι σκότον, Ion 1522; u. in Prosa: Ggstz τὸ φῶς, Plat. Crat. 418 c; auch übrtr., πᾶσαν ἀπορίαν καὶ σκότον ἀπεργάζεται, Legg. VIII, 837 a; οἱ ἐν σκότῳ ὄντες, die im Verborgenen leben, Xen. Cyr. 2, 1, 25; ὑπὸ σκότου τὸν φθόνον κατέχειν, den Neid verhehlen, 4, 6, 4. – Auch neutr. τὸ σκότος, im dat. σκότει, ταύταν σκότει κρύπτειν ἔοικεν, Pind. frg. 171, vgl. ib. 106, was nach Moeris mehr attisch sein soll; so Eur. ἐκ τοῦ σκότους, Hec. 831; σκότος ἀμπίσχον, Hipp. 192; πέπλοισι κρατὶ περιβάλω σκό- τος, Herc. F. 1159; u. in Prosa: ὥςπερ ἐν σκότει, Plat. Phaed. 99 b; ἐν σκότει = bei Nacht, Xen. Cyr. 1, 6, 40; ἐπίκουρον σκότους, Mem. 4, 3, 7. Vgl. Piers. Moeris 355 Schäfer Greg. Cor. 22. 615.
