πτέρνη

English (LSJ)

(Hp.Art.3, Epid.5.48, Phot.), later πτέρνᾰ (Lyc.500, LXX Ge.3.15, etc.), ἡ,

   A heel, Il.22.397, Hp.Il.cc., Arist.HA494b7; under part of the heel, A.Ch.209 (pl.); heel-bone, Gal.2.776, al.: prov., εἴπερ τὸν ἐγκέφαλον . . μὴ ἐν ταῖς π. φορεῖτε D.7.45.    2 hoof, LXX Jd.5.22.    3 heel of a shoe, Herod.7.21, Phryn.PSp.69B.    4 footstep, LXX Ca.1.8.    II metaph., foot or lower part of anything, πύργων Lyc.442; τῆς μηχανῆς Plb.8.6.2; of a mast, Asclep.Myrl. ap. Ath.11.474f (but, waist of a ship, Hero *Stereom.2.52).    2 butt-end of the ἀγκών of a torsion-engine, Ph.Bel.59.30,66.2; of a surgical machine, Orib.49.4.9,al.    III ham (mock Epicism formed from Lat. perna), Batr.37; f.l. for πέρνα in Aët.15.15, Paul.Aeg.7.17.74 (πέρνα correctly in 4.32).

French (Bailly abrégé)

ion. c. πτέρνα.

English (Autenrieth)

heel, Il. 22.397†.

Spanish

talón del pie

Greek Monolingual

(I)
ἡ, Α
βλ. πτέρνα.
(II)
ἡ Α
βλ. πέρνα.

Dutch (Woordenboekgrieks.nl)

πτέρνη -ης, ἡ, later πτερνᾰ [~ πέρνα] hiel.

Frisk Etymological English

Grammatical information: f.
Meaning: heel, also metaph. of the lower part of several objects etc. (ep. Ion. poet., Arist., hell.).
Other forms: second. -να(LXX).
Compounds: Some compp., e.g. πτερνο-κοπίς f. "heel-pusher", nickname (middl. a. new com.; Wackernagel Unt. 196); *ὑπό-πτερνος under the heel in ὑποπτερν-ίς, -ίδος f. base, underlay (Ph. a. Hero Bel.).
Derivatives: πτερν-ίς, -ίδος f. foot of a bowl (middl. com.), -ίζω to hit with the heel, trip one up, to supplant someone out of his position, to provide a shoe with a new heel (LXX, Com. Adesp.) with -ιστής m. (Ph.), -ισμός m. (LXX). -- On itself stands, with unclear meaning development, πτέρνιξ, -ικος m. main stem of a cactus (Arist.), beside which τέρνακα τῆς κάκτου τοῦ φυτοῦ καυλόν H., s.v.
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [823] *tpersna heel
Etymology: Old designation of the heel also used of the haunch (Lat.) or the loin (Hitt.): Lat. perna, Germ., e.g. Goth. fairzna f., Hitt. paršina-(= paršna-; with paršnāi- squat down), IE *persnā. Beside it in Indo-Iran. with secondary vowellength (soc. vr̥ddhiformation; Benveniste BSL 50, 41 f.) Skt. pā́rṣṇi- f., Av. pāšna- n. heel. Initial πτ-, then, is unoriginal and unxplained as in πτίσσω, πτόλεμος and πτόλις (s. vv. w. lit.); it will represent an original *tpersn-. WP. 2, 50f., Pok. 823, W.-Hofmann s. perna, Mayrhofer s. pā́rṣniḥ; older lit. in Bq. -- On late πτέρνα ham s. πέρνα.