ἐξ ὀνύχων λέοντα τεκμαίρεσθαι → judge by the claws, judge by a slight but characteristic mark, small traits give the clue to the character of a person, deduce something from a small indication, identify a lion from its claws
P. and V. ἔκκριτος, ἐξαίρετος, V. κριτός, λεκτός, P. ἐκλεκτός, ἀπόλεκτος.
chosen troops: P. and V. λογάδες, οἱ.