ἐφίστημι

English (LSJ)

Ion. ἐπ-:    A causal in pres., impf., fut., and aor. 1 (also in the later pf. and plpf. ἐφέστᾰκα, ἐφεστάκειν [ᾰ], v. infr. 11.1, VI. 2):    I set, place upon, τεῖχος τείχει Th.2.75; τι ἐπί τινος Pl.Criti. 116a; τι ἐπί τινι X.HG3.1.7; ὅρους ἐπὶ οἰκίαν D.41.6: metaph., ἐ. τὴν ἐκεῖ μοῖραν βίῳ Pl.R.498c; ἀνάγκην τινί D.H.1.16.    II set over, μ' Ἀπόλλων τῷδ' ἐπέστησεν τέλει A.Ag.1202; φύλακ' ἐπέστησεν βοτ Id.Supp.303; ἐ. τινὰ ὕπαρχόν τισι Hdt.5.27; τινὰ παιδαγωγόν τινι Pl. Alc.1.122b, cf. X.Lac.2.1; τινὰ πεντηκοντόρῳ Id.An.5.1.15; τινὰ τοῖς πράγμασι Isoc.2.27; τὸν νόμον Arist.Pol.1292b28; ἐπὶ [συμμάχων] τινά Plb.2.65.9; ἐφεστάκει τινὰς πρὸς χρείαν Id.10.20.5; κύνα ἐπὶ ποίμνην D.26.22; τινὰ ἐπὶ τὰς εὐθύνας Id.18.112: c. inf., βουλὴν ἐπιμελεῖσθαι τῆς εὐκοσμίας Isoc.7.37:—Pass., to be appointed, instituted, PTeb.61 (b).358 (ii B. C.), etc.    2 bring in, ἡ τύχη ἐπιστήσασα Ῥωμαίους Plb.15.20.6; Φίλιππον ἐ. τοῖς πράγμασι to let him have a hand in the business, D.19.34.    3 bring in, cause, occasion, κατάπληξίν τισι D.S.14.62; κίνδυνον, ἀγῶνά τινι, App.Hann.55, Syr.10; ἡ τύχη λοιμικὴν διάθεσιν ἐπέστησε Γαλάταις Plb.2.20.7.    III set up, establish, ἀγῶνα Hdt.1.167, 6.38: c. acc. et inf., ordain, prescribe, ὁ νόμος ἐφίστησι τὰ λοιπὰ κρίνειν τοὺς ἄρχοντας Arist.Pol.1287a26; ἐπιστήσατε quid facere debeamus, Plin.Ep.6.31.12.    IV set by or near to, ἐπιστήσαντες κύκλῳ τὸ σῆμα ἱππέας Hdt.4.72; esp. place in rear, of troops, τὴν φάλαγγα τούτοις κατόπιν ἐ. Plb.1.33.6, cf. 1.26. 14.    V stop, cause to halt, ἐπιστῆσαι τὸ στράτευμα X.Cyr.4.2.18; τὴν ὁδόν, τὴν πορείαν, D.S.17.112, Plu.Cim.1; τοὺς ἱππέας τοῦ πρόσω Arr.An.5.16.1; ἐ. τὴν ὁρμήν check it, Plb.16.34.2; τὴν διήγησιν interrupt it, Id.7.11.1; check, ἔμμηνα Dsc.1.125, cf. POxy.1088.20 (i A. D.): abs., ἐπιστήσας (sc. ἑαυτόν) having halted, X.An.1.8.15:—Pass., to be checked, stopped, PPetr.2p.62 (iii B. C.); ἐὰν ἐφίστηται ἡ κοιλία Sor.1.122.    VI ἐφίστημι τὴν διάνοιαν κατά τι, περί τινος, fix one's mind upon it, attend to it, Isoc.9.69, Arist.Metaph.987b3, Thphr. Char.Prooem., etc.; τὴν σκέψιν περί τινος Arist.Metaph.1090a2; τὸν λόγον Id.Juv.470b5; τὸν νοῦν τινι D.S.12.1; αὑτὸν ἐπιστήσας ἐπί τι Arist.Top.135a26: ἐπιστῆσαι abs., give attention, τούτοις ἐπιστήσαντες Id.Mu.391a26; περί τινος Id.GC315b18; περί τι Id.HA487a13; ἐπί τι Plb.1.65.5, etc.; ἐπιστήσασι μᾶλλον λεκτέον one must speak with more care and accuracy, Arist.Pol.1335b3, cf. EN1144a22; πότερον . . ἤ Jul.ad Them.265b; ὅτι . . Sor.1.97 (hence ἐπίσταμαι, ἐπιστήμη, qq.v.).    2 c. acc. pers., arrest the attention of, Plu.TG17, cf. 2.17e, Gal.18(2).105; ἐπιστῆσαί τινα ἐπί τι call his attention to, Plb. 2.61.11, cf. 4.34.9; τοῦ καιροῦ τοῦ κατὰ τὴν διήγησιν ἐφεστακότος ἡμᾶς ἐπί τι having led us to... Id.10.21.2, cf. 31.23.1: hence, object, Plot. 1.4.5.    B intr. in Med. and Pass., ἐφίσταμαι, aor. 1 ἐπεστάθην [S.] Fr. [1127.5], E.Hipp.819, IT1375, etc., with pf., plpf. (Aeol. plpf. 3sg. ἐπήστᾱκε Schwyzer 646.16 (Cyme, ii B. C.): Dor. plpf. 3pl. ἐφεστάκεον [ᾱ] SIG241.146 (Delph., iv B. C.)), and aor. 2 Act.: (the causal tenses are not found in Hom., the Med. or Pass. only in impf. ἐφίστατο Il.11.644; elsewh. always aor. 2 or pf. Act. with Ep. inf. ἐφεστάμεναι Od.24.380):—stand upon, τεῖχος . . ῥύατ' ἐφεσταότες Il.18.515; πύργῳ ἐφεστήκει 6.373; δίφρῳ ἐφεσταότος 17.609, etc.; ἐπέστη βηλῷ ἔπι λιθέῳ 23.201; ἡ . . ἐπισταθεῖσα ὀρθή Arist.Metaph. 1051a28; ἐπὶ τὰς . . σχεδίας Plb.3.46.8.    2 to be imposed upon, μόχθων τῶν ἐφεστώτων ἐμοί S.Tr.1170.    3 stand on the top or surface, τὸ ἐπιστάμενον [τοῦ γάλακτος], i. e. cream, Hdt.4.2; λιπαρότητες ἄνω ἐφιστάμεναι Hp.Prog.12; ἐ. καθάπερ ὀρρὸς [γάλακτι] Dsc.1.72; of vapour, form, Arist.Juv.469b31.    II to be set over, ἐφίσταται πύλαις A.Th.538; οἷός τε πολλοῖς προβατίοις ἐφεστάναι Ar.V.955; οἷοι νῷν ἐφεστᾶσι σκοποί S.Aj.945; ἄρχοντες ἐφ' ἑκάστῳ μέρει ἐ. X. Hier.9.5; ἐπί τινος Pl.R.460b; ἐπὶ τῆς πολιτείας D.19.298: rarely c. gen., τὸν ἐπεστεῶτα τῆς διώρυχος Hdt.7.117; ὅσοι θεοῦ χρημάτων ἐφέστασαν E.Andr.1098: abs. in part., ὁ ἐφεστηκώς the person in authority, the officer in command, X.Oec.21.9; οἱ ἐφεστῶτες, Ion. οἱ ἐπεστεῶτες, Hdt.2.148, S.Aj.1072, X.Mem.3.5.19.    III stand by or near, ὣς πυκνοὶ ἐφέστασαν ἀλλήλοισιν Il.13.133; ἐπ' ἄκρῳ χείλει ἐφεσταότες, ἐ. παρὰ τάφρῳ, 12.52, 199; θύρῃσιν ἐφίστατο 11.644; ἐπὶ τὰς πύλας, ἐπὶ τὰς θύρας, Hdt.3.77, Pl.Smp.212d; ἐπὶ τοῖς προθύροις Id.Phlb.64c; esp. of dreams or visions, appear to, εὕδοντι ἐπέστη ὄνειρος Hdt.1.34, cf. 7.14; ὄναρ κεφαλῆφιν ἐπέστη Il.10.496; ἐπιστᾶσα τῆς νυκτός Isoc.10.65; ἄγγελος ἐπέστη αὐτοῖς Ev.Luc.2.9: abs., stand by, Hdt.3.78; πολλῶν ἐφεστώτων App.Syr.10; ἤμην ἐφεστώς Act.Ap.22.20; οἱ λέβητες ἐπεστεῶτες Hdt.1.59; ὁ ἀντίδικος ἐφέστηκε Pl.Tht.172e, cf. Aeschin.3.79; without hostile sense, ἐπέστης S.OC558, cf. Ev.Luc.2.38, etc.; of troops, to be posted after or behind, κατόπιν ἐ. τοῖς θηρίοις Plb.16.18.7.    2 in hostile sense, stand against, τὰ φρονέοντες ἐφέστασαν ἀλλήλοισιν Il.15.703, cf.5.624; ἔνθα μένος πνείοντες ἐφέστασαν Od.22.203, cf. 24.380; appear before, of an army, ἐπὶ τῇ πόλι Hdt.4.203; ἐπὶ τὸ βασίλειον Isoc.9.58; come upon suddenly or by surprise, Th.8.69; ἐξαίφνης ἐπιστὰς τοῖς γιγνομένοις Isoc.8.41, cf. D.6.5, Luc.DDeor.17.1; εἰς τοὺς ὄχλους Isoc.18.9; so of events, etc., αἰφνίδιος αὐτοῖς ἐ. ὄλεθρος 1 Ep.Thess.5.3, cf. Ev.Luc.21.34; διὰ τὸν ἐφεστῶτα ζόφον Plb.18.20.7; διὰ τὸν ὑετὸν τὸν ἐφεστῶτα Act.Ap.28.2.    3 metaph., of events, spring upon one, occur, πρίν μοι τύχη τοιάδ' ἐπέστη S.OT777, cf. Th.3.82; in pf., impend, be at hand, τὸν ἐφεστηκότα κίνδυνον τῇ πόλει D.18.176; ὁ καιρός . . ἐφέστηκε 2 Ep.Ti.4.6; περὶ τοῦ βασιλέως . . ὁ λόγος ἐφέστηκε νῦν Arist.Pol.1287a2, cf. Metaph.999a25; of a more remote future, to be in store, lie in wait for, κῆρες ἐφεστᾶσιν θανάτοιο Il.12.326.    IV halt, stop, as in a march, ἄλλοτε καὶ ἄλλοτε ἐφιστάμενος X.An.2.4.26 (cf. A. V); ἐπιστὰς περιέμεινα Pl.Smp.172a: c. gen., ἐ. τοῦ πλοῦ Th.2.91.    V fix one's mind on, give one's attention to, σφαγῇ E.Andr. 547; τῇ τρύγῃ PFlor.236.4 (iii A. D.); ἐπί τι Isoc.10.29, D.18.60; τοῖς πράγμασιν . . ἐπιστάντες Id.4.12; ἐπιστάς abs. (sc. τοῖς πράγμασι), Id.18.233; διὰ ταῦτ' ἐγρήγορεν, ἐφέστηκεν Id.6.19.    C aor. 1 Med. in causal sense, set up, τὰς θύρας X.Ages.8.7; set, post, φρουροὺς ἐπεστησάμην Id.Cyr.8.2.19; τέλος ἐπιστήσασθαι, Lat. finem imponere, Pl.Lg.802a: pres. is once so used, τοῦ με τήνδ' ἐφίστασαι βάσιν; why dost thou cause me to halt? S.Tr.339.    2 ἐπιστησάμενος, intr., having been ἐπιστάτης, IGRom.4.1265 (Thyatira).