ἵππος

English (LSJ)

ὁ,

   A horse, ἡ, mare, most freq. fem. in Poets; in full θήλεες ἵπποι Il.5.269; ἵπποι θήλειαι 11.680, Od.4.635; ἄρσενες ἵπποι 13.81, cf. Hdt.3.86, Pl.Hp.Ma.288b: pl., ἵπποι team of chariot-horses, Il.16.370, al.: freq. in dual, 5.237, 8.41, al.: hence, of the chariot itself, ἀφ' ἵπποιιν, ἀφ' ἵππων, from the chariot, Il.5.13,19,al.; καθ' ἵππων ἆλτο, ἐξ ἵππων βῆσε, ib.111,163; ἵππων ἐπιβησόμενος intending to mount his chariot, ib.46; opp. πεζοί, πλῆτο δὲ πᾶν πεδίον πεζῶν τε καὶ ἵππων Od.14.267, cf. 9.49; ἵπποι τε καὶ ἀνέρες Il.2.554; λαός τε καὶ ἵπποι 18.153; of riders, νῶθ' ἵππων ἐπιβάντες ἐθύνεον Hes.Sc.286; freq. of race-horses, ἵ. ἀκαμαντόποδες Pi.O.3.4; ἀελλόποδες Simon.7; ἀθληταί Lys.19.63: metaph., ἁλὸς ἵ., of ships, Od.4.708, cf. Secund. Sent.17.    2 the constellation Pegasus, Eudox. ap. Hipparch.1.2.12, Ptol.Tetr.27, Vett.Val.12.11.    3 title of Hecate in the Mithraic cult, Porph.Abst.4.16.    4 perh. an instrument of torture, Lat. eculeus, Plu.Luc.20(pl.).    II as Collective Noun, ἵππος, ἡ, horse, cavalry, ἡ τῶν Θεσσαλῶν ἵ. Hdt.5.64, etc.: always in sg., even with numerals, ἵ. χιλίη a thousand horse, Id.7.41; μυρίη ibid.; μυρία, τρισμυρία, A.Pers.302,315; ἡ διακοσία ἵ. Th.1.62; ἵππον ἔχω εἰς χιλίαν X.Cyr.4.6.2.    III a sea-fish, Antim. et Numen. ap. Ath. 7.304e; but ὁ ἵ. ὁ ποτάμιος the hippopotamus, Hdt.2.71, Arist.HA 502a9; ὁ ἵ. τοῦ Νείλου Ach.Tat.4.2.    IV lewd woman, Ael.NA 4.11.    b pudenda muliebria et virilia, Hsch.    V a complaint of the eyes, such that they are always winking, Gal.16.611,al. (also in Hp., acc. to [Gal.]19.436).    VI title of ministrants ('chuckersout') in certain religious ceremonies, IG22.1368.144 (Athens, ii A.D.), 3.1280a.    VII in compds., to express anything large or coarse, as in our horse-chestnut, horse-laugh, v. ἱππό-κρημνος, -λάπαθον, -μάραθον, -πορνος, -σέλινον, -τυφία, and cf. βου-. (From ἴκϝος, v. ἴκκος; cf. Skt. aśvas, Lat. equus: the ἴ- (in place of e-) and the aspirate are unexplained; the latter acc. to Gell.2.3.2 was confined to Attic; cf. Λεύκ-ιππος, Γλαύκ-ιππος.)