ἀφορμή: Difference between revisions
εἰ γάρ κεν καὶ σμικρὸν ἐπὶ σμικρῷ καταθεῖο καὶ θαμὰ τοῦτ᾽ ἔρδοις, τάχα κεν μέγα καὶ τὸ γένοιτο → for if you add only a little to a little and do this often, soon that little will become great (Hesiod W&D, 361-362)
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|Definition=ἡ, <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">starting-point</b>, esp. in war, <b class="b2">base of operations</b>, ἀναχώρησίς τε καὶ ἀ. <span class="bibl">Th.1.90</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plb.1.41.6</span>, etc.; <b class="b2">place of safety</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>342</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> generally, <b class="b2">starting-point, origin, occasion</b> or <b class="b2">pretext</b>, ἀφορμαὶ λόγων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hec.</span>1239</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>199</span>; ἀφορμὴν παρέχειν <span class="bibl">D.18.156</span>; δεδωκέναι <span class="bibl">Id.21.98</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Cor.</span>5.12</span>; λαβεῖν ἀ. <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.61</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Rom.</span>7.8</span>; εὑρεῖν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>615.6</span>(ii A. D.), <span class="bibl">923.22</span> (i/ii A. D.); ἵνα ἀ. γένοιτο τιμῆς <span class="title">Inscr.Prien.</span>105.16 (i B. C.); ἀ. καὶ πρόφασις <span class="bibl">Plb. 2.52.3</span>; <b class="b2">occasion, origin</b> of an illness, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>2.1.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Sor.1.29</span>; <b class="b3">εἰδέ τις οἴεται μικρὰν ἀ. εἶναι σιτηρέσιον τοῖς στρατευομένοις ὑπάρχειν</b> a small <b class="b2">inducement</b>, <span class="bibl">D.4.29</span>; τὸ γὰρ εὖ πράττειν παρὰ τὴν ἀξίαν ἀ. τοῦ κακὼς φρονεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.1.23</span>; <b class="b2">instigation, incitement</b>, POxy.237 vii 21 (ii A. D.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">means with which one begins</b> a thing, <b class="b2">resources</b>, ἀ. τοῦ βίου <span class="bibl">Lys.24.24</span>; εἰς τὸν βίον <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.12.4</span>; τίνας εἶχεν ἀφορμὰς ἡ πόλις; <span class="bibl">D.18.233</span>; ἀφελεῖν τὴν ἀ. δι' ἣν ὑβρίζει <span class="bibl">Id.21.98</span>; <b class="b3">πίστις ἀ. μεγίστη πρὸς χρηματισμόν</b> good faith is the best <b class="b2">asset</b> for business, <span class="bibl">Id.36.44</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">11.16</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. ἐπί</b> . . <span class="bibl">Id.3.33</span>; esp. <b class="b2">means of war</b>, <span class="bibl">And.1.109</span>; ἀ. εἰς ξένους χιλίους <b class="b2">means for levying</b> <span class="bibl">1000</span> mercenaries, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>4.8.33</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. ἔργων</b> <b class="b2">means for undertaking</b>... <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.7.11</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">3.5.11</span>; πρὸς ἀφορμὴν ἐμπορίας ἢ γεωργίας <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1320a39</span>; πάντων ἀ. τῶν καλῶν <span class="bibl">Philem.110</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">capital</b> of a banker, etc., <span class="bibl">Lys.<span class="title">Fr.</span>1.2</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.7.12</span>, <span class="bibl">Lycurg.26</span>,<span class="bibl">D.14.30</span>,<span class="bibl">36.11</span>; <b class="b3">ἀφορμῆς δίκη</b> suit for <b class="b2">restitution of capital</b>, Arg.D.36. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">5</span> Rhet., <b class="b2">food for argument, material, subject</b>, ὑποθέσεις καὶ ἀφορμαὶ λόγων <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Rh.Pr.</span>18</span>, cf. Men.Rh.<span class="bibl">p.334S.</span>, Aps.<span class="bibl">p.264H.</span> </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">6</span> <b class="b2">aptitude, inclination</b>, εἰς φιλανθρωπίαν Phld.<span class="title">Ir.</span>p.53 W. (pl.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> Stoic term for <b class="b2">repulsion</b> (opp. <b class="b3">ὁρμή</b>), <span class="bibl">Chrysipp.Stoic.3.42</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">40</span>, <span class="bibl">Simp. <span class="title">in Epict.</span>p.22D.</span> </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">release</b> of water from sluice, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PAmh.</span>2.143.17</span> (iv A. D.).</span> | |Definition=ἡ, <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">starting-point</b>, esp. in war, <b class="b2">base of operations</b>, ἀναχώρησίς τε καὶ ἀ. <span class="bibl">Th.1.90</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plb.1.41.6</span>, etc.; <b class="b2">place of safety</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>342</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> generally, <b class="b2">starting-point, origin, occasion</b> or <b class="b2">pretext</b>, ἀφορμαὶ λόγων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hec.</span>1239</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>199</span>; ἀφορμὴν παρέχειν <span class="bibl">D.18.156</span>; δεδωκέναι <span class="bibl">Id.21.98</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Cor.</span>5.12</span>; λαβεῖν ἀ. <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.61</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Rom.</span>7.8</span>; εὑρεῖν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>615.6</span>(ii A. D.), <span class="bibl">923.22</span> (i/ii A. D.); ἵνα ἀ. γένοιτο τιμῆς <span class="title">Inscr.Prien.</span>105.16 (i B. C.); ἀ. καὶ πρόφασις <span class="bibl">Plb. 2.52.3</span>; <b class="b2">occasion, origin</b> of an illness, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>2.1.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Sor.1.29</span>; <b class="b3">εἰδέ τις οἴεται μικρὰν ἀ. εἶναι σιτηρέσιον τοῖς στρατευομένοις ὑπάρχειν</b> a small <b class="b2">inducement</b>, <span class="bibl">D.4.29</span>; τὸ γὰρ εὖ πράττειν παρὰ τὴν ἀξίαν ἀ. τοῦ κακὼς φρονεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.1.23</span>; <b class="b2">instigation, incitement</b>, POxy.237 vii 21 (ii A. D.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">means with which one begins</b> a thing, <b class="b2">resources</b>, ἀ. τοῦ βίου <span class="bibl">Lys.24.24</span>; εἰς τὸν βίον <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.12.4</span>; τίνας εἶχεν ἀφορμὰς ἡ πόλις; <span class="bibl">D.18.233</span>; ἀφελεῖν τὴν ἀ. δι' ἣν ὑβρίζει <span class="bibl">Id.21.98</span>; <b class="b3">πίστις ἀ. μεγίστη πρὸς χρηματισμόν</b> good faith is the best <b class="b2">asset</b> for business, <span class="bibl">Id.36.44</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">11.16</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. ἐπί</b> . . <span class="bibl">Id.3.33</span>; esp. <b class="b2">means of war</b>, <span class="bibl">And.1.109</span>; ἀ. εἰς ξένους χιλίους <b class="b2">means for levying</b> <span class="bibl">1000</span> mercenaries, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>4.8.33</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. ἔργων</b> <b class="b2">means for undertaking</b>... <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.7.11</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">3.5.11</span>; πρὸς ἀφορμὴν ἐμπορίας ἢ γεωργίας <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1320a39</span>; πάντων ἀ. τῶν καλῶν <span class="bibl">Philem.110</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">capital</b> of a banker, etc., <span class="bibl">Lys.<span class="title">Fr.</span>1.2</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.7.12</span>, <span class="bibl">Lycurg.26</span>,<span class="bibl">D.14.30</span>,<span class="bibl">36.11</span>; <b class="b3">ἀφορμῆς δίκη</b> suit for <b class="b2">restitution of capital</b>, Arg.D.36. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">5</span> Rhet., <b class="b2">food for argument, material, subject</b>, ὑποθέσεις καὶ ἀφορμαὶ λόγων <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Rh.Pr.</span>18</span>, cf. Men.Rh.<span class="bibl">p.334S.</span>, Aps.<span class="bibl">p.264H.</span> </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">6</span> <b class="b2">aptitude, inclination</b>, εἰς φιλανθρωπίαν Phld.<span class="title">Ir.</span>p.53 W. (pl.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> Stoic term for <b class="b2">repulsion</b> (opp. <b class="b3">ὁρμή</b>), <span class="bibl">Chrysipp.Stoic.3.42</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">40</span>, <span class="bibl">Simp. <span class="title">in Epict.</span>p.22D.</span> </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">release</b> of water from sluice, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PAmh.</span>2.143.17</span> (iv A. D.).</span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0414.png Seite 414]] ἡ, der Ort, von dem man ausgeht, Ausgangspunkt, z. B. zu kriegerischen Unternehmungen, Thuc. 1, 90; Ursache, Veranlassung, Gelegenheit, ἀφορμὴν λαβόντες τὴν σωτηρίαν Isocr. 4, 61; τοῦ κακῶς φρονεῖν Dem. 1, 23; καὶ [[πρόφασις]] Pol. 2, 52, der das Wort sehr oft hat, z. B. ἀφορμὴν ἔχειν [[πρός]] τι, εἴς τι, 1, 88. 2, 7; ἀφορμὴν διδόναι τινὶ [[πρός]] τι 10, 33; [[λαβεῖν]] ἔκ τινος 3, 32; die Mittel zu einer Unternehmung, die in dem Terrain liegen, αἱ ἐκ τούτων τῶν τόπων Pol. 2, 17; die Geldmittel, δανείσασθαι ἐς ἔργων ἀφορμήν Xen. Mem. 2, 7, 11, Geld borgen, um eine Unternehmung zu beginnen; ἀφορμὴ εἰς ξένους τρισχιλίους, Mittel, um 8000 Söldner zu werben, Hell. 4, 8, 32; τοῖς παισὶν ἀφορμὰς εἰς τὸν βίον καταλείπουσι Mem. 3, 5, 11; ἀφορμαὶ παισίν, Auskommen für, Eur. Med. 342. So Dem. ἀφορμὴ [[αὐτοῦ]] ἀσθενεστέρα 14, 29; εἰ ἦν αὐτῷ ἰδία ἀφ. πρὸς τῇ τραπέζῃ, ein eigenes Kapital beim Wechsler, 36, 11; [[πίστις]] ἀφορμὴ πασῶν μεγίστη πρὸς χρηματισμόν, der Kredit ist das beste Kapital, 36, 44. – Bei den Stoikern im Ggstz von [[ὁρμή]], Abneigung, Abmahnung, Plut. de stoic. rep. 11. | |||
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Revision as of 19:45, 2 August 2017
English (LSJ)
ἡ,
A starting-point, esp. in war, base of operations, ἀναχώρησίς τε καὶ ἀ. Th.1.90, cf. Plb.1.41.6, etc.; place of safety, E.Med.342. 2 generally, starting-point, origin, occasion or pretext, ἀφορμαὶ λόγων Id.Hec.1239, Ph.199; ἀφορμὴν παρέχειν D.18.156; δεδωκέναι Id.21.98, cf. 2 Ep.Cor.5.12; λαβεῖν ἀ. Isoc.4.61, Ep.Rom.7.8; εὑρεῖν BGU615.6(ii A. D.), 923.22 (i/ii A. D.); ἵνα ἀ. γένοιτο τιμῆς Inscr.Prien.105.16 (i B. C.); ἀ. καὶ πρόφασις Plb. 2.52.3; occasion, origin of an illness, Hp.Epid.2.1.11, Sor.1.29; εἰδέ τις οἴεται μικρὰν ἀ. εἶναι σιτηρέσιον τοῖς στρατευομένοις ὑπάρχειν a small inducement, D.4.29; τὸ γὰρ εὖ πράττειν παρὰ τὴν ἀξίαν ἀ. τοῦ κακὼς φρονεῖν Id.1.23; instigation, incitement, POxy.237 vii 21 (ii A. D.). 3 means with which one begins a thing, resources, ἀ. τοῦ βίου Lys.24.24; εἰς τὸν βίον X.Mem.3.12.4; τίνας εἶχεν ἀφορμὰς ἡ πόλις; D.18.233; ἀφελεῖν τὴν ἀ. δι' ἣν ὑβρίζει Id.21.98; πίστις ἀ. μεγίστη πρὸς χρηματισμόν good faith is the best asset for business, Id.36.44, cf. 11.16; ἀ. ἐπί . . Id.3.33; esp. means of war, And.1.109; ἀ. εἰς ξένους χιλίους means for levying 1000 mercenaries, X.HG4.8.33; ἀ. ἔργων means for undertaking... Id.Mem.2.7.11, cf.3.5.11; πρὸς ἀφορμὴν ἐμπορίας ἢ γεωργίας Arist.Pol.1320a39; πάντων ἀ. τῶν καλῶν Philem.110. 4 capital of a banker, etc., Lys.Fr.1.2, X.Mem.2.7.12, Lycurg.26,D.14.30,36.11; ἀφορμῆς δίκη suit for restitution of capital, Arg.D.36. 5 Rhet., food for argument, material, subject, ὑποθέσεις καὶ ἀφορμαὶ λόγων Luc.Rh.Pr.18, cf. Men.Rh.p.334S., Aps.p.264H. 6 aptitude, inclination, εἰς φιλανθρωπίαν Phld.Ir.p.53 W. (pl.). II Stoic term for repulsion (opp. ὁρμή), Chrysipp.Stoic.3.42, cf. 40, Simp. in Epict.p.22D. III release of water from sluice, PAmh.2.143.17 (iv A. D.).
German (Pape)
[Seite 414] ἡ, der Ort, von dem man ausgeht, Ausgangspunkt, z. B. zu kriegerischen Unternehmungen, Thuc. 1, 90; Ursache, Veranlassung, Gelegenheit, ἀφορμὴν λαβόντες τὴν σωτηρίαν Isocr. 4, 61; τοῦ κακῶς φρονεῖν Dem. 1, 23; καὶ πρόφασις Pol. 2, 52, der das Wort sehr oft hat, z. B. ἀφορμὴν ἔχειν πρός τι, εἴς τι, 1, 88. 2, 7; ἀφορμὴν διδόναι τινὶ πρός τι 10, 33; λαβεῖν ἔκ τινος 3, 32; die Mittel zu einer Unternehmung, die in dem Terrain liegen, αἱ ἐκ τούτων τῶν τόπων Pol. 2, 17; die Geldmittel, δανείσασθαι ἐς ἔργων ἀφορμήν Xen. Mem. 2, 7, 11, Geld borgen, um eine Unternehmung zu beginnen; ἀφορμὴ εἰς ξένους τρισχιλίους, Mittel, um 8000 Söldner zu werben, Hell. 4, 8, 32; τοῖς παισὶν ἀφορμὰς εἰς τὸν βίον καταλείπουσι Mem. 3, 5, 11; ἀφορμαὶ παισίν, Auskommen für, Eur. Med. 342. So Dem. ἀφορμὴ αὐτοῦ ἀσθενεστέρα 14, 29; εἰ ἦν αὐτῷ ἰδία ἀφ. πρὸς τῇ τραπέζῃ, ein eigenes Kapital beim Wechsler, 36, 11; πίστις ἀφορμὴ πασῶν μεγίστη πρὸς χρηματισμόν, der Kredit ist das beste Kapital, 36, 44. – Bei den Stoikern im Ggstz von ὁρμή, Abneigung, Abmahnung, Plut. de stoic. rep. 11.
